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Kardiologia Polska May 2020
Relationship among the leptin-to-adiponectin ratio, systemic inflammation, and anisocytosis: a plausible pathophysiological mechanism of a novel cardiovascular risk marker.
Topics: Adiponectin; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Inflammation; Leptin; Risk Factors
PubMed: 32458664
DOI: 10.33963/KP.15381 -
Hematology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Dec 2023This study aims to evaluate the consistency of heterogeneity degree of erythrocyte volume parameters between the blood automated analyzer Sysmex-XN9000 and the advanced...
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to evaluate the consistency of heterogeneity degree of erythrocyte volume parameters between the blood automated analyzer Sysmex-XN9000 and the advanced red blood cell software CellaVisionDI-60.
METHOD
500 blood samples of volunteers were analyzed by Sysmex-XN9000 and CellaVision-DI60. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, false positive rate, and false negative rate were evaluated. The consistency of all parameters was tested.
RESULT
Taking the standard RBC group as the control group, the RBC parameters of the macrocytic and the microcytic group were compared. There was a statistical difference between the groups. ROC curve analysis showed that the best cutoff value of microcytic and of macrocytic affecting MCV were 4.1% and 5.7%, respectively. The best cutoff value of anisocytosis was 15.0%. The correlation coefficient between anisocytosis and red blood cell distribution width (RDW-CV) was 0.756. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and coincidence rate of anisocytosis were high. The false negative rate was 10.0%, and the false positive rate was 7.4%.
CONCLUSION
All parameters of the degree of heterogeneity have good accuracy and consistency in the two instruments. Anisocytosis is with higher coincidence rate and positive predictive value. MIC and MAC have a good prediction on the increase or decrease of MCV. Although advanced RBC software's false negative and false positive rates are high, the red blood cell image system is more intuitive and time-saving in observing cells. Consequently, CellaVision-DI60 is suggested to combine with XN-9000 for judging the anisocytosis in daily work comprehensively.
Topics: Humans; Erythrocytes; Erythrocyte Indices; ROC Curve; Software
PubMed: 37642342
DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2248433 -
Kardiologia Polska 2022
The relationship between anisocytosis, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of coronary atherosclerosis, and major adverse cardiac events in patients with coronary artery disease: Rationale and study design.
Topics: Coronary Angiography; Coronary Artery Disease; Humans; Myocardial Infarction; Risk Factors
PubMed: 35475462
DOI: 10.33963/KP.a2022.0111 -
Pathogens & Immunity 2020Red cell distribution width (RDW), a measure of anisocytosis, is observed in chronic inflammation and is a prognostic marker in critically ill patients without COVID-19,...
BACKGROUND
Red cell distribution width (RDW), a measure of anisocytosis, is observed in chronic inflammation and is a prognostic marker in critically ill patients without COVID-19, but data in COVID-19 are limited.
METHODS
Between March 12 and April 19, 2020, 282 individuals with confirmed COVID-19 and RDW available within 7 days prior to COVID-19 confirmation were evaluated. Individuals were grouped by quartiles of RDW. Association between quartiles of RDW and mortality was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and statistical significance was assessed using the log-rank test. The association between RDW and all-cause mortality was further assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model. Plasma cytokine levels in uninfected ambulatory adults without cardiovascular disease (n=38) were measured and bivariate Spearman correlations and principle components analysis were used to identify relationships between cytokine concentrations with RDW.
RESULTS
After adjusting for age, sex, race, cardiovascular disease, and hemoglobin, there was an association between RDW and mortality (Quartile 4 vs Quartile 1: HR 4.04 [1.08-15.07]), with each 1% increment in RDW associated with a 39% increased rate of mortality (HR 1.39 [1.21-1.59]). Remote RDW was also associated with mortality after COVID-19 infection. Among uninfected ambulatory adults without cardiovascular disease, RDW was associated with elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL8, IL6, IL1b), but not regulatory cytokines (TGFb).
CONCLUSIONS
Anisocytosis predicts short-term mortality in COVID-19 patients, often predates viral exposure, and may be related to a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Additional study of whether the RDW can assist in the early identification of pending cytokine storm is warranted.
PubMed: 33089037
DOI: 10.20411/pai.v5i1.391 -
Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine... Apr 2018
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aortic Valve Stenosis; Erythrocyte Indices; Female; Humans; Leukocytosis; Male; Postoperative Complications; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Survival Analysis; Time Factors; Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
PubMed: 29369112
DOI: 10.2459/JCM.0000000000000624 -
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2023Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and visual assessments of anisocytosis assess variability in erythrocyte size. Veterinary studies on the correlation between the...
Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and visual assessments of anisocytosis assess variability in erythrocyte size. Veterinary studies on the correlation between the two methods and on observer agreement are scarce. The objectives were to assess the correlation of the grading of anisocytosis by means of conventional microscopy of canine blood smears to RDW, and to assess intra- and inter-observer variation in assessing the degree of anisocytosis. The study included 100 canine blood samples on which blood smear examination and RDW measurement were performed. RDW was measured on the Advia 2120i analyzer. The degree of anisocytosis was based on a human grading scheme assessing the ratio between the size of the representative largest red blood cell and that of the representative smallest red blood cell (1+ if <2x, 2+ if 2-3x, 3+ if 3-4x, and 4+ if >4x). Three observers participated and assessed the blood smears by conventional microscopy twice, 3 weeks apart by each observer. The correlation was assessed for each observer on each occasion using Kendahl-tau-b analysis. Intra-observer agreement was assessed using quadratically weighted kappa. Inter-observer agreement was assessed using free-marginal multi-rater kappa. Anisocytosis graded on blood smears correlated significantly with RDW values as assessed by Kendahl-tau-b ranging between 0.37 and 0.51 ( < 0.0001). Intra-observer agreement ranged from weak to moderate with resulting kappa-coefficients being 0.58, 0.68, and 0.75, respectively. Inter-observer agreement was weak (Kappa-values 0.44). The weak to moderate observer agreement in the visual assessment of anisocytosis indicates that the more precise and more repeatable RDW measurement should be used for clinical decision-making.
PubMed: 37808118
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1258857 -
Journal of Internal Medicine May 2023Anisocytosis reflects unequal-sized red blood cells and is quantified using red blood cell distribution width (RDW). RDW increases with age and has been consistently...
BACKGROUND
Anisocytosis reflects unequal-sized red blood cells and is quantified using red blood cell distribution width (RDW). RDW increases with age and has been consistently associated with adverse health outcomes, such as cardiovascular disease and mortality. Why RDW increases with age is not understood. We aimed to identify plasma metabolomic markers mediating anisocytosis with aging.
METHODS
We performed mediation analyses of plasma metabolomics on the association between age and RDW using resampling techniques after covariate adjustment. We analyzed data from adults aged 70 or older from the main discovery cohort of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA, n = 477, 46% women) and validation cohorts of the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study (Health ABC, n = 620, 52% women) and Invecchiare in Chianti, Aging in the Chianti Area (InCHIANTI) study (n = 735, 57% women). Plasma metabolomics was assayed using the Biocrates MxP Quant 500 kit in BLSA and Health ABC and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry in InCHIANTI.
RESULTS
In all three cohorts, symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) significantly mediated the association between age and RDW. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and 1-methylhistidine were also significant mediators in the discovery cohort and one validation cohort. In the discovery cohort, we also found choline, homoarginine, and several long-chain triglycerides significantly mediated the association between age and RDW.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
This metabolomics study of three independent aging cohorts identified a specific set of metabolites mediating anisocytosis with aging. Whether SDMA, ADMA, and 1-methylhistidine are released by the damaged erythrocytes with high RDW or they affect the physiology of erythrocytes causing high RDW should be further investigated.
Topics: Humans; Female; Aged; Male; Longitudinal Studies; Erythrocytes; Aging; Cardiovascular Diseases; Triglycerides; Erythrocyte Indices
PubMed: 36739565
DOI: 10.1111/joim.13612 -
Journal of Burn Care & Research :... May 2024The recovery of patients after severe burns is a long and complex process. Recently, genomic analysis of white blood cells from burn and trauma patients revealed...
The recovery of patients after severe burns is a long and complex process. Recently, genomic analysis of white blood cells from burn and trauma patients revealed excessive and prolonged innate immune activation in patients with complicated outcomes. However, translating this knowledge into practical biomarkers has not been possible yet. Although several biomarkers for monitoring burn patients have been proposed, their ability to accurately distinguish between inflammation stemming from initial tissue destruction, infections, and organ failure complications is limited. Here, we focused on monocytes, critical innate immune cells in the response to burn injured tissues. We measured the monocyte anisocytosis (quantified as monocyte distribution width, MDW, a recently emerged marker of sepsis) throughout the recovery of patients from the time of burn injury until the end of the hospital stay. We observed that MDW increases in patients during the first week after major burns. Among the patients with major burns who survive, MDW starts decreasing in the second week and normalizes by the end of the hospital stay. The duration of hospital stay appears to be proportional to how fast MDW decreases during the second week after the injury. We also found that MDW decreases significantly in most patients after excision and debridement surgeries but not after allo- and auto-graft surgeries. Moreover, high MDW values correlated with a higher rate of positive microbiology blood culture samples and respiratory infections. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring MDW as a potential biomarker for the risk of complications during burn patient recovery.
PubMed: 38783715
DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irae088 -
Advances in Medical Sciences Mar 2024Mitral valve surgery in children involves correcting congenital and acquired pathologies, with a reported mortality rate of 0.9%. Low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) is a...
PURPOSE
Mitral valve surgery in children involves correcting congenital and acquired pathologies, with a reported mortality rate of 0.9%. Low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) is a serious complication with the incidence of 20-25%. The aim of the study was to estimate possible prognostic factors of LCOS in children undergoing mitral valve procedure.
MATERIAL AND METHOD
This single-center retrospective analysis enrolled children aged <18 years who underwent mitral valve surgery during 24 year period. Preoperative clinical and laboratory parameters, and operative factors were analyzed.
RESULTS
Thirty consecutive pediatric patients (11 (37%) males and 19 (63%) females) in median (Q - Q) age of 57 (25-115) months, who underwent mitral valve replacement, were included. The 30-day mortality was 7% (2 patients) and was related to postoperative multiorgan failure. LCOS occurred in 8 (27%) children. The receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis established parameters that have predictive value for LCOS occurrence: cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time, with 89 min as optimal cut-off point (AUC = 0.744, p = 0.011) yielding sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 42.9%; left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 60 % (AUC = 0.824, okp = 0.001) with sensitivity of 62.5% and specificity of 93.75%; and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) above 14.5 % (AUC = 0.840, p < 0.001; sensitivity of 87.5% and specificity of 75%).
CONCLUSIONS
In mitral valve replacement in pediatric patients, CPBtime above 89 min, preoperative LVEF below 60% and preoperative RDW above 14.5% can be regarded as the potential predictors of LCOS.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Cardiac Output, Low; Child; Child, Preschool; Retrospective Studies; Mitral Valve; Infant; Prognosis; Adolescent; Erythrocyte Indices
PubMed: 38493878
DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2024.03.004 -
Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and... Oct 2023Cerebral hemodynamic alterations have been observed in apolipoprotein ε4 (APOE4) carriers at midlife, however the physiological underpinnings of this observation are...
Cerebral hemodynamic alterations have been observed in apolipoprotein ε4 (APOE4) carriers at midlife, however the physiological underpinnings of this observation are poorly understood. Our goal was to investigate cerebral blood flow (CBF) and its spatial coefficient of variation (CoV) in relation to APOE4 and a measure of erythrocyte anisocytosis (red blood cell distribution width - RDW) in a middle-aged cohort. Data from 563 participants in the PREVENT-Dementia study scanned with 3 T MRI cross-sectionally were analysed. Voxel-wise and region-of-interest analyses within nine vascular regions were run to detect areas of altered perfusion. Within the vascular regions, interaction terms between APOE4 and RDW in predicting CBF were examined. Areas of hyperperfusion in APOE4 carriers were detected mainly in frontotemporal regions. The APOE4 allele differentially moderated the association between RDW and CBF, an association which was more prominent in the distal vascular territories (p - [0.01, 0.05]). The CoV was not different between the considered groups. We provide novel evidence that in midlife, RDW and CBF are differentially associated in APOE4 carriers and non-carriers. This association is consistent with a differential hemodynamic response to hematological alterations in APOE4 carriers.
Topics: Humans; Middle Aged; Age Factors; Alzheimer Disease; Apolipoprotein E4; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Erythrocyte Indices; Heterozygote
PubMed: 37132287
DOI: 10.1177/0271678X231173587