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Minocycline as a prospective therapeutic agent for cancer and non-cancer diseases: a scoping review.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of... May 2024Minocycline is an FDA-approved secondary-generation tetracycline antibiotic. It is a synthetic antibiotic having many biological effects, such as antioxidant,... (Review)
Review
Minocycline is an FDA-approved secondary-generation tetracycline antibiotic. It is a synthetic antibiotic having many biological effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and neuroprotective functions. This study discusses the pharmacological mechanisms of preventive and therapeutic effects of minocycline. Specifically, it provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular pathways by which minocycline acts on the different cancers, including ovarian, breast, glioma, colorectal, liver, pancreatic, lung, prostate, melanoma, head and neck, leukemia, and non-cancer diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis, Huntington, polycystic ovary syndrome, and coronavirus disease 19. Minocycline may be a potential medication for these disorders due to its strong blood-brain barrier penetrance. It is also widely accepted as a specific medication, has a well-known side-effect characteristic, is reasonably priced, making it appropriate for continuous use in managing diseases, and has been demonstrated as an oral approach because it is effectively absorbed and accomplished almost all of the body's parts.
Topics: Humans; Minocycline; Neoplasms; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Anti-Bacterial Agents; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
PubMed: 37991540
DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02839-1 -
Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy :... May 2016Fosfomycin was discovered over four decades ago, yet has drawn renewed interest as an agent active against a range of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively... (Review)
Review
Fosfomycin was discovered over four decades ago, yet has drawn renewed interest as an agent active against a range of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) pathogens. Its unique mechanism of action and broad spectrum of activity makes it a promising candidate in the treatment of various MDR/XDR infections. There has been a surge of in vitro data on its activity against MDR/XDR organisms, both when used as a single agent and in combination with other agents. In the United States, fosfomycin is only approved in an oral formulation for the treatment of acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs), whereas in some countries both oral and intravenous formulations are available for various indications. Fosfomycin has minimal interactions with other medications and has a relatively favorable safety profile, with diarrhea being the most common adverse reaction. Fosfomycin has low protein binding and is excreted primarily unchanged in the urine. The clinical outcomes of patients treated with fosfomycin are favorable for uncomplicated UTIs, but data are limited for use in other conditions. Fosfomycin maintains activity against most Enterobacteriaceae including Escherichia coli, but plasmid-mediated resistance due to inactivation have appeared in recent years, which has the potential to compromise its use in the future. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of this resurgent agent and its role in our antimicrobial armamentarium.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Fosfomycin; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
PubMed: 26923259
DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2016.01.010 -
Infection Control and Hospital... Dec 2017Peer comparison has potential as an effective antimicrobial stewardship intervention in the inpatient setting. We report a new metric, days of therapy per 100 service...
Peer comparison has potential as an effective antimicrobial stewardship intervention in the inpatient setting. We report a new metric, days of therapy per 100 service days, for comparing antibiotic utilization. Among 14 prescribers on the primary infectious diseases service during a 6-month period, we identified 1 outlier for each anti-MRSA agent. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:1506-1508.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antimicrobial Stewardship; Humans; Inpatients; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcal Infections; Time Factors
PubMed: 29067897
DOI: 10.1017/ice.2017.219 -
British Dental Journal Jul 2005Clindamycin is an antimicrobial agent that dentists use in the UK for infective endocarditis prophylaxis but rarely for other clinical situations that require... (Review)
Review
Clindamycin is an antimicrobial agent that dentists use in the UK for infective endocarditis prophylaxis but rarely for other clinical situations that require antimicrobial intervention. This has been largely due to its association with acute pseudomembranous colitis. Up to date information on the efficacy and safety of this antimicrobial agent should be known before prescription.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Clindamycin; Dental Care; Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous; Humans
PubMed: 16003416
DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4812535 -
Journal of Dental Hygiene : JDH 1997The purpose of this article is to provide the dental hygienist with an understanding of potential drug interactions that can occur between the antimicrobial agent,... (Review)
Review
The purpose of this article is to provide the dental hygienist with an understanding of potential drug interactions that can occur between the antimicrobial agent, erythromycin, and other medications. Erythromycin is the drug-of-choice against oral infections and to prevent infective endocarditis in patients who are allergic to penicillin. Erythromycin has the potential to interact with many medications by inhibiting drug metabolism in the liver. Several reports and controlled studies have shown that erythromycin may interact with theophylline, carbamazepine, cyclosporin, tacrolimus, warfarin, digoxin, terfenadine, astemazole, cisapride, lovastatin, triazolam, and disopyramide. During data collection, the hygienist can identify potential drug interactions with erythromycin. The majority of these interactions can be safely managed by using another antimicrobial with a similar spectrum of activity. If this cannot be done, the patient's physician should be consulted.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Dental Hygienists; Drug Interactions; Erythromycin; Humans
PubMed: 9470569
DOI: No ID Found -
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Dec 2016The tetrodecamycins are a group of secondary metabolites that are characterized by the presence of a tetronate ring in their structure. Originally discovered for their... (Review)
Review
The tetrodecamycins are a group of secondary metabolites that are characterized by the presence of a tetronate ring in their structure. Originally discovered for their antibiotic activity against Photobacterium damselae ssp. piscicida, the causative agent of pseudotuberculosis in fish, this family of molecules has also been shown to have potent antibiotic activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Due to their small size and highly cyclized nature, they represent an unusual member of the much larger group of bioactive molecules called the tetronates. Herein, we review what is known about the mechanism of action of these molecules and also present a hypothesis for their biosynthesis. A deeper understanding of the tetrodecamycins will provide a more holistic view of the tetronate-family, provide new chemical probes of bacterial biology, and may provide therapeutic lead molecules.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Furans; Molecular Structure; Photobacterium; Structure-Activity Relationship
PubMed: 27246856
DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.05.028 -
The Journal of Antimicrobial... Apr 2011The factors associated with identifying an appropriate dose and schedule of an antimicrobial agent for treatment of hospitalized, seriously ill patients with pneumonia... (Review)
Review
The factors associated with identifying an appropriate dose and schedule of an antimicrobial agent for treatment of hospitalized, seriously ill patients with pneumonia are straightforward. Information is required about the potency of the agent for typical pathogens likely to be encountered with pneumonia. It is helpful to understand the utility of the agent against pathogens that express resistance to older antimicrobial agents. The agent must be able to gain access to the site of infection at the dose and schedule chosen and at concentrations high enough to attain microbiologically effective targets [e.g. 1 or 2 log(10) (cfu/g) bacterial cell kill, accounting for between-patient variability]. Finally, therapeutic concentrations should be attained quickly at the primary site of infection to optimize clinical outcomes. When considering all of these factors, it is expected that ceftaroline fosamil will be a valuable addition to the therapeutic armamentarium for management of community-acquired pneumonia.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Cephalosporins; Community-Acquired Infections; Hospitalization; Humans; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Ceftaroline
PubMed: 21482571
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkr100 -
Expert Opinion on Drug Safety Feb 2015The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections has been extensively observed worldwide and has become a priority issue over past decade. Tigecycline , a broad... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections has been extensively observed worldwide and has become a priority issue over past decade. Tigecycline , a broad spectrum antibiotic covering against many MDR organisms, has been widely used. However, recent meta-analysis studies have raised a concern for its efficacy and safety. Reviewing tigecycline safety data would enhance the appropriate use of this medication.
AREAS COVERED
This article reviews the safety profile of tigecycline, including its side effects and drug interactions.
EXPERT OPINION
The increased mortality associated with tigecycline is not yet well understood. Based on current evidence, alternative options must be prioritized over tigecycline if available. When tigecycline use is warranted, vigilant observation to identify any breakthrough infections and careful monitoring of progression of the original infection are highly recommended. Considering a second agent (either for synergism or enhancing coverage) may be required.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Interactions; Humans; Minocycline; Tigecycline
PubMed: 25539800
DOI: 10.1517/14740338.2015.997206 -
Internal Medicine Journal Sep 2014Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a serious complication of arthroplasty that is associated with significant mortality, morbidity and costs. PJI is difficult to cure... (Review)
Review
Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a serious complication of arthroplasty that is associated with significant mortality, morbidity and costs. PJI is difficult to cure because causative bacteria form and persist in biofilm adherent to the prosthesis surface. PJI can be classified into early, delayed or late according to the time of onset after insertion of the prosthesis, and this classification can help determine pathogenesis and appropriate management. Traditional treatment has been with prolonged intravenous antibiotics and prosthesis exchange, which has been successful in treating infection but is technically difficult and has high rates of associated morbidity. On the basis of in vitro and animal studies, interest has turned to the use of antimicrobials that are particularly active against biofilm-associated bacteria. Recent clinical evidence shows success in more than 77% of early PJI with surgical debridement, retention of prosthesis and the use of rifampicin-based combinations for staphylococcal PJI. Fluoroquinolones are preferred for Gram-negative PJI. Optimal antimicrobial treatment duration and the management of polymicrobial, enterococcal, fungal and culture-negative infections are still yet to be defined but will become more clear as the results of current research comes to hand.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arthroplasty; Australia; Biofilms; Debridement; Device Removal; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluoroquinolones; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Prosthesis-Related Infections; Reoperation; Rifampin; Staphylococcal Infections
PubMed: 24942508
DOI: 10.1111/imj.12510 -
Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2018Infections caused by pathogenic bacteria are a major health concern throughout the world. There is a great need to develop novel antibacterial agents with new mechanisms... (Review)
Review
Infections caused by pathogenic bacteria are a major health concern throughout the world. There is a great need to develop novel antibacterial agents with new mechanisms of action. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are the main component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, serving as a permeability barrier, which protects the bacteria from many antibiotics. The UDP-3-O-(R-3- hydroxyacyl)-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (LpxC), a Zn2+-dependent enzyme, catalyzes the first irreversible step of the biosynthesis of lipid A, the hydrophobic membrane anchor of LPS being essential for cell viability. Additionally, it shares no sequence or structural homology with any mammalian proteins. Therefore, it may become a novel target for the new drugs against Gram-negative bacteria. Thus, research on LpxC inhibitors as new antibacterial agents has become an attractive field in the development of the novel antibiotic therapy of Gram-negative bacteria. In this review, we will summarize the recent progress in the structure and catalytic mechanism of LpxC and the research and development of LpxC inhibitors.
Topics: Amidohydrolases; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biocatalysis; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
PubMed: 27739357
DOI: 10.2174/1389557516666161013120253