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Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) Feb 2023
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Humans; COVID-19; Antibody Specificity; Pandemics; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
PubMed: 35325492
DOI: 10.1111/apa.16345 -
MAbs 2011
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibody Affinity; Antibody Specificity; Biomedical Research; Humans; Single-Chain Antibodies
PubMed: 21487245
DOI: 10.4161/mabs.3.3.15625 -
Proceedings of the National Academy of... Feb 2013Monoclonal antibodies are used in numerous therapeutic and diagnostic applications; however, their efficacy is contingent on specificity and avidity. Here, we show that...
Monoclonal antibodies are used in numerous therapeutic and diagnostic applications; however, their efficacy is contingent on specificity and avidity. Here, we show that presentation of antibodies on the surface of nonspherical particles enhances antibody specificity as well as avidity toward their targets. Using spherical, rod-, and disk-shaped polystyrene nano- and microparticles and trastuzumab as the targeting antibody, we studied specific and nonspecific uptake in three breast cancer cell lines: BT-474, SK-BR-3, and MDA-MB-231. Rods exhibited higher specific uptake and lower nonspecific uptake in all cells compared with spheres. This surprising interplay between particle shape and antibodies originates from the unique role of shape in determining binding and unbinding of particles to cell surface. In addition to exhibiting higher binding and internalization, trastuzumab-coated rods also exhibited greater inhibition of BT-474 breast cancer cell growth in vitro to a level that could not be attained by soluble forms of the antibody. The effect of trastuzumab-coated rods on cells was enhanced further by replacing polystyrene particles with pure chemotherapeutic drug nanoparticles of comparable dimensions made from camptothecin. Trastuzumab-coated camptothecin nanoparticles inhibited cell growth at a dose 1,000-fold lower than that required for comparable inhibition of growth using soluble trastuzumab and 10-fold lower than that using BSA-coated camptothecin. These results open unique opportunities for particulate forms of antibodies in therapeutics and diagnostics.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antibody Specificity; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Endocytosis; Female; Humans; Nanoparticles; Temperature; Trastuzumab
PubMed: 23401509
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1216893110 -
Cytotherapy Aug 2016
Topics: Antibody Specificity; Antigens; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta; T-Lymphocytes
PubMed: 27378341
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.06.007 -
Pharmacology 2022
Topics: Antibody Specificity; Immunoglobulin A
PubMed: 35358972
DOI: 10.1159/000524041 -
Chembiochem : a European Journal of... Sep 2022Antibodies recognize their cognate antigens with high affinity and specificity, but the prediction of binding sites on the antigen (epitope) corresponding to a specific...
Antibodies recognize their cognate antigens with high affinity and specificity, but the prediction of binding sites on the antigen (epitope) corresponding to a specific antibody remains a challenging problem. To address this problem, we developed AbAdapt, a pipeline that integrates antibody and antigen structural modeling with rigid docking in order to derive antibody-antigen specific features for epitope prediction. In this study, we systematically assessed the impact of integrating the state-of-the-art protein modeling method AlphaFold with the AbAdapt pipeline. By incorporating more accurate antibody models, we observed improvement in docking, paratope prediction, and prediction of antibody-specific epitopes. We further applied AbAdapt-AF in an anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) antibody complex benchmark and found AbAdapt-AF outperformed three alternative docking methods. Also, AbAdapt-AF demonstrated higher epitope prediction accuracy than other tested epitope prediction tools in the anti-RBD antibody complex benchmark. We anticipate that AbAdapt-AF will facilitate prediction of antigen-antibody interactions in a wide range of applications.
Topics: Antibodies; Antibody Specificity; Antigens; Binding Sites, Antibody; Epitopes
PubMed: 35893479
DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200303 -
Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton,... 2017In the past few years significant concern has been raised about the quality and reproducibility of antibodies used in numerous scientific publications. In this chapter... (Review)
Review
In the past few years significant concern has been raised about the quality and reproducibility of antibodies used in numerous scientific publications. In this chapter we discuss some of the biggest contributing factors to the "antibody problem" from both the commercial production side, as well as the end-users side. Specifically we argue that Western blot data should be used to provide a reliable initial indication of antibody quality, as well as a guide to distinguish between multiple offerings for antibodies to the same target. Secondly, we describe a set of best practices for antibody manufacturers to employ that will eliminate most of the variability in polyclonal antibodies. Taken together these proposals provide a way to significantly improve both the quality and the reproducibility of commercial antibodies.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibody Specificity; Blotting, Western; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Humans; Phosphoproteins; Recombinant Proteins; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 28185182
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6759-9_2 -
Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery Apr 2014In organ transplantation, the introduction of the solid phase immunoassay technology radically changed the practice of antibody monitoring against human leukocyte... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
In organ transplantation, the introduction of the solid phase immunoassay technology radically changed the practice of antibody monitoring against human leukocyte antigens (HLA).
PURPOSE
Precise identification of antibody specificities in complex sera of sensitized patients and monitoring of low levels of donor-specific HLA antibodies in the posttransplant phase became possible. However, at the same time, new technical problems and great variation emerged in the interpretation of test results, indicating a need for standardization.
CONCLUSION
In May 2012, The Transplantation Society (TTS) recruited a panel of laboratory and clinical experts to discuss emerging testing and clinical management issues that are associated with antibody testing in organ transplantation. In this article, we provide a summary of the TTS recommendations formulated in this international effort on the standardization of antibody monitoring in kidney transplantation.
Topics: Antibody Specificity; HLA Antigens; Histocompatibility Testing; Humans; Immunoassay; Kidney Transplantation; Practice Guidelines as Topic
PubMed: 24271161
DOI: 10.1007/s00423-013-1138-6 -
Food Chemistry Mar 2022A growing number of β-agonists are illegally using for reducing animal fat deposition in animals, but the development of analytical methods always lags behind the...
A growing number of β-agonists are illegally using for reducing animal fat deposition in animals, but the development of analytical methods always lags behind the emergence of new illegal compounds. Therefore, class specificity antibody-based immunoassays that can detect a great many β-agonists are important for timely supervision. In this study, a competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ciELISA) based on a clenbuterol monoclonal antibody was developed to recognize 23 β-agonists and analogues. Holographic and three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (HQSAR and 3D QSAR) revealed that there are two critical binding epitopes on β-agonist hapten affecting antibody specificity, and these epitopes have been further validated using a ractopamine antibody with narrow specificity. Tert-butyl at C-2' epitope is needed to generate class specific antibodies, and different characteristics of substituents at benzene ring epitope would adjust antibody specificity. This investigation could provide reference for future design of β-agonist haptens.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibody Specificity; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Epitopes; Haptens; Immunoassay; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship
PubMed: 34537613
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131071 -
Current Medicinal Chemistry 2007The market, sales and regulatory approval of new human medicines, during the past few years, indicates increasing number and share of new biologics and emergence of new... (Review)
Review
The market, sales and regulatory approval of new human medicines, during the past few years, indicates increasing number and share of new biologics and emergence of new multibillion dollar molecules. The global sale of monoclonal antibodies in 2006 were $20.6 billion. Remicade had annual sales gain of $1 billion during the past 3 years and five brands had similar increase in 2006. Rituxan with 2006 sales of $4.7 billion was the best selling monoclonal antibody and biological product and the 6th among the top selling medicinal brand. It may be the first biologic and monoclonal antibody to reach $10 billion annual sales in the near future. The strong demand from cancer and arthritis patients has surpassed almost all commercial market research reports and sales forecast. Seven monoclonal antibody brands in 2006 had sales exceeding $1 billion. Humanized or fully human monoclonal antibodies with low immunogenicity, enhanced antigen binding and reduced cellular toxicity provide better clinical efficacy. The higher technical and clinical success rate, overcoming of technical hurdles in large scale manufacturing, low cost of market entry and IND filing, use of fully human and humanized monoclonal antibodies has attracted funds and resources towards R&D. Review of industry research pipeline and sales data during the past 3 years indicate a real paradigm shift in industrial R&D from pharmaceutical to biologics and monoclonal antibodies. The antibody bandwagon has been joined by 200 companies with hundreds of new projects and targets and has attracted billions of dollars in R&D investment, acquisitions and licensing deals leading to the current Monoclonal Antibody Gold Rush.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibody Specificity; Antigens; Arthritis; Biopharmaceutics; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Humans; Neoplasms
PubMed: 17691940
DOI: 10.2174/092986707781368504