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Journal of Veterinary Emergency and... Sep 2019To describe a case of documented serum sickness in a dog following administration of a single dose of a novel antivenin crotalidae polyvalent.
OBJECTIVE
To describe a case of documented serum sickness in a dog following administration of a single dose of a novel antivenin crotalidae polyvalent.
CASE SUMMARY
A 4-year-old female neutered mixed breed dog developed recurrent signs of hypersensitivity (swelling, edema, urticaria/hives, gastrointestinal signs, vasculitis) at 1 and 2 weeks following administration of a single unit of a novel antivenin crotalidae polyvalent plasma product. Both episodes were treated with antihistamines and glucocorticoids and signs improved rapidly, with a prolonged course of glucocorticoids and antihistamines administered following the second occurrence. Diagnosis of serum sickness was based on clinical appearance of delayed hypersensitivity following exposure to novel biologic product, absence of other inciting cause of hypersensitivity, complement testing, and skin biopsies confirming vasculitis.
NEW OR UNIQUE INFORMATION PROVIDED
This case documents the first report of delayed hypersensitivity with a novel antivenin plasma product. This is the only case report of serum sickness to a single unit of antivenin. Additionally, the dog developed recurrence of hypersensitivity following the initial episode at 1 week; appropriate identification and prolonged treatment could have prevented recurrence and additional hospitalization. Cost and benefit analysis should be considered with antivenin administration.
Topics: Animals; Antivenins; Crotalid Venoms; Crotalinae; Diagnosis, Differential; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Serum Sickness; Snake Bites
PubMed: 31448548
DOI: 10.1111/vec.12874 -
American Journal of Health-system... Sep 2011
Topics: Animals; Antivenins; Drug Approval; Humans; Scorpion Venoms; Scorpions; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration
PubMed: 21880873
DOI: 10.2146/news110062 -
ChemMedChem Dec 2021Snakebite envenomation (SBE) is an important public health issue that is now receiving renewed attention following its reclassification as a Neglected Tropical Disease... (Review)
Review
Snakebite envenomation (SBE) is an important public health issue that is now receiving renewed attention following its reclassification as a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD). Most incidences occur in rural areas of resource-limited countries, as such, timely and appropriate medical care for SBE is often inaccessible. The administration of anti-snake venom serum (ASV) is the only effective definitive treatment of SBE, but treatment failure to available ASVs is not uncommon. Emerging evidence highlights the potential of small-molecule compounds as inhibitors against toxins of snake venom. This presents an encouraging prospect to develop an alternative therapeutic option for the treatment SBE, that may be amenable for use at the point of care in resource-constraint settings. In view of the pivotal role of natural products in modern drug discovery programmes, there is considerable interest in ethno-pharmacological mining of medicinal plants and plant-derived medicinal compounds toward developing novel snake venom-neutralising therapeutics. In this review, we compile a collection of medicinal plants used in the treatment of SBE in West Africa and highlight their promise as potential botanical drugs or as sources of novel small-molecule compounds for the treatment of SBE. The challenges that must be surmounted to bring this to fruition including the need for (sub) regional collaboration have been discussed.
Topics: Africa, Western; Animals; Antivenins; Biological Products; Humans; Molecular Structure; Plants, Medicinal; Snake Bites; Snake Venoms; Snakes
PubMed: 34585514
DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100478 -
Journal of the Chinese Medical... Oct 2010Serum sickness is a type III hypersensitivity reaction that occurs due to the deposition of excessive circulating immune complexes in patients treated with foreign...
Serum sickness is a type III hypersensitivity reaction that occurs due to the deposition of excessive circulating immune complexes in patients treated with foreign proteins or haptens. Serum sickness induced by antivenin for snakebites has been frequently reported in the USA, but not in Taiwan. This difference may be due to the efficacy and dosage of antivenins administered to treat snakebites in Taiwan. We report a case presenting with serum sickness after receiving a total of 20 vials of polyvalent antivenin therapy for the treatment of snakebite. A 59-year-old male suffered from fever, headaches, polyarthritis, and diffused skin rash approximately 10 days after administration of the antivenin. The large dose of antivenin administered in this case might have been the cause of the development of serum sickness. Physicians should be aware of the potential for serum sickness in cases of large-dose antivenin use.
Topics: Antivenins; Crotalid Venoms; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Serum Sickness; Snake Bites
PubMed: 21051032
DOI: 10.1016/S1726-4901(10)70117-9 -
Public Health Reviews 1998A review is presented of the methods developed to raise the neutralizing capacity of anti-Vipera palaestinae (Vp) venom. These include formaldehyde detoxification of the... (Review)
Review
A review is presented of the methods developed to raise the neutralizing capacity of anti-Vipera palaestinae (Vp) venom. These include formaldehyde detoxification of the venom, immunization with carboxymethyl-cellulose-bound neurotoxin, and enzymatic fragmentation of the neutralizing antibody.
Topics: Animals; Antivenins; Endopeptidases; Formaldehyde; Humans; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; Immunoglobulin G; Neurotoxins; Snake Bites; Viper Venoms; Viperidae
PubMed: 10444960
DOI: No ID Found -
The Western Journal of Medicine Aug 2001
Topics: Antivenins; Humans; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; Immunoglobulin Fragments; Snake Bites
PubMed: 11483548
DOI: 10.1136/ewjm.175.2.91 -
Journal of Toxicology. Clinical... 2001
Review
Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Antivenins; Black Widow Spider; Humans; Narcotics; Spider Bites; Spider Venoms
PubMed: 11407497
DOI: 10.1081/clt-100103827 -
Nature Biotechnology Apr 2024
Topics: Antivenins
PubMed: 38570693
DOI: 10.1038/s41587-024-02221-3 -
Journal of Emergency Nursing Nov 2014
Topics: Animals; Antivenins; Black Widow Spider; Female; Humans; Spider Bites; Spider Venoms
PubMed: 25454889
DOI: 10.1016/j.jen.2014.06.011 -
Journal of the American Medical... Aug 1956
Topics: Animals; Antivenins; Humans; Immune Sera
PubMed: 13331805
DOI: No ID Found