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The Veterinary Clinics of North... Jan 2019Canine perianal fistulas are painful sinus tracts and ulcers that spontaneously develop in the skin around the anus. Middle-aged German shepherd dogs are most commonly... (Review)
Review
Canine perianal fistulas are painful sinus tracts and ulcers that spontaneously develop in the skin around the anus. Middle-aged German shepherd dogs are most commonly affected and may have a genetic susceptibility. Although the disease was once believed related to conformational factors and primarily managed surgically, an immune-mediated pathogenesis is now recognized. Long-term medical management with immunomodulatory agents has become standard of care for canine perianal fistulas. Perianal fistulas can be debilitating and have a negative impact on quality of life of dogs and owners. Accurate diagnosis and aggressive medical therapy are key to successful management of canine perianal fistulas.
Topics: Animals; Anus Diseases; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Fistula; Perianal Glands; Veterinary Medicine
PubMed: 30213533
DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2018.08.006 -
JAAPA : Official Journal of the... Nov 2016Benign anal disease encompasses common problems including hemorrhoids, anal fissures, pruritus ani, perianal abscesses, and fistulae. Although many people will suffer... (Review)
Review
Benign anal disease encompasses common problems including hemorrhoids, anal fissures, pruritus ani, perianal abscesses, and fistulae. Although many people will suffer from at least one of these conditions in their lives, healthcare practitioners diagnose and treat them accurately about 50% to 83% of the time. This article reviews common anal problems and the importance of a thorough history and physical examination to proper patient management.
Topics: Anal Canal; Anus Diseases; Fissure in Ano; Hemorrhoids; Humans; Pruritus Ani
PubMed: 27749400
DOI: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000502857.05728.98 -
Journal of the European Academy of... Oct 2015Lichen sclerosus (LS) is an inflammatory skin disease that usually involves the anogenital area. All patients with symptoms or signs suspicious of lichen sclerosus...
Lichen sclerosus (LS) is an inflammatory skin disease that usually involves the anogenital area. All patients with symptoms or signs suspicious of lichen sclerosus should be seen at least once initially by a physician with a special interest in the disease in order to avoid delay in diagnosis, as early treatment may cure the disease in some and reduce or prevent scarring. The diagnosis is made clinically in most cases. Biopsies should only be performed under certain circumstances. The gold standard for treatment remains potent to very potent topical steroids; however, mild and moderate disease in boys and men may be cured by circumcision. Certain triggers should be avoided. http://www.euroderm.org/images/stories/guidelines/2014/S3-Guideline-on-Lichen-sclerosus.pdf http://www.awmf.org/fachgesellschaften/mitgliedsgesellschaften/visitenkarte/fg/deutsche-gesellschaft-fuer-gynaekologie-und-geburtshilfe-dggg.html.
Topics: Anus Diseases; Biopsy; Circumcision, Male; Evidence-Based Medicine; Female; Humans; Laser Therapy; Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus; Male; Penile Diseases; Photochemotherapy; Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus
PubMed: 26202852
DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13136 -
Seminars in Pediatric Surgery Dec 2017Perianal Crohn's is a common manifestation of Crohn's disease. Primary manifestations of perianal disease mirror common anorectal conditions, however treatment is less... (Review)
Review
Perianal Crohn's is a common manifestation of Crohn's disease. Primary manifestations of perianal disease mirror common anorectal conditions, however treatment is less successful than in those patients without Crohn's related perianal disease. A multimodal approach to therapy including medical and surgical modalities is often necessary. The goal of treatment is to manage symptoms while maintaining continence.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anus Diseases; Combined Modality Therapy; Crohn Disease; Digestive System Surgical Procedures; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29126509
DOI: 10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2017.10.009 -
Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift... Apr 2023This article provides a practice-oriented overview of the most common proctological diseases: Anal eczema, hemorrhoidal disease, anal thrombosis, marisca, anal abscess... (Review)
Review
This article provides a practice-oriented overview of the most common proctological diseases: Anal eczema, hemorrhoidal disease, anal thrombosis, marisca, anal abscess and fistula, and anal fissure. Definitions and etiopathogenesis, clinic and diagnostics, and current therapy are presented.
Topics: Humans; Anus Diseases; Colorectal Surgery; Fissure in Ano; Hemorrhoids; Rectum
PubMed: 36990121
DOI: 10.1055/a-1932-7667 -
The Israel Medical Association Journal... Mar 2007Perianal Crohn's disease refers to the involvement of the anal region in this chronic inflammatory bowel disease. It most commonly presents with the formation of... (Review)
Review
Perianal Crohn's disease refers to the involvement of the anal region in this chronic inflammatory bowel disease. It most commonly presents with the formation of perianal abscesses and fistulas, although other forms of presentations such as fissures and skin tags may also be present. Perianal activity often parallels abdominal disease activity, but may occasionally be the primary site of active disease, and significantly compromises the quality of life in affected patients. The primary treatment of patients with perianal Crohn's disease combines medical and surgical management with the aim of improving quality of life and alleviating suffering. A multidisciplinary approach involving the patient, surgeon, gastroenterologist, radiologist, pathologist, nutritionist, and other specialists makes the successful treatment of PCD possible. This paper reviews the management of patients with perianal Crohn's disease, focusing on contemporary medical and surgical treatments such as infliximab, endorectal advancement flap, instillation of fibrin glue, and the potential use of extracellular matrix plugs.
Topics: Anus Diseases; Combined Modality Therapy; Crohn Disease; Diagnostic Imaging; Humans
PubMed: 17402327
DOI: No ID Found -
Current Gastroenterology Reports Apr 2012Perianal Crohn’s Disease (CD) is a significant cause of morbidity in CD patients. Accurate identification of perianal involvement requires advanced imaging techniques... (Review)
Review
Perianal Crohn’s Disease (CD) is a significant cause of morbidity in CD patients. Accurate identification of perianal involvement requires advanced imaging techniques in addition to physical exam. Treatment of the disease is aimed at improving both the perianal and intestinal manifestations. Proper treatment depends upon the severity of the disease and combines current medical and surgical therapies to maximize response. The ability to improve perianal disease has grown significantly since the introduction of anti-TNF agents which are now a mainstay of treatment along with antibiotics and immunomodulators. New experimental therapies are limited by lack of research to support their use.
Topics: Anus Diseases; Crohn Disease; Humans
PubMed: 22302507
DOI: 10.1007/s11894-012-0243-y -
Radiologia 2014Benign anorectal disease comprises a broad group of processes with very diverse origins; these processes may be congenital or acquired as well as inflammatory or tumor... (Review)
Review
[3.0T MRI with a high resolution protocol for the study of benign disease of the anus and rectum. Part 2: Anorectal inflammatory disease. Postsurgical anatomy and complications after treatment].
Benign anorectal disease comprises a broad group of processes with very diverse origins; these processes may be congenital or acquired as well as inflammatory or tumor related. However, benign anorectal disease has received less attention in the scientific literature than malignant disease. In this second part of this image-based review of benign anorectal disease, we describe the most common inflammatory and fistulous diseases, the postsurgical anatomy, and complications that can occur after surgical treatment or radiotherapy for anorectal disease.
Topics: Anus Diseases; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Postoperative Complications; Proctitis; Rectal Diseases
PubMed: 23102780
DOI: 10.1016/j.rx.2012.07.009 -
The Surgical Clinics of North America Feb 2001Anorectal disease affects many patients with Crohn's disease. Clinical manifestations vary from asymptomatic skin tags to severe, debilitating perineal destruction and... (Review)
Review
Anorectal disease affects many patients with Crohn's disease. Clinical manifestations vary from asymptomatic skin tags to severe, debilitating perineal destruction and sepsis. Surgical management needs to be conservative and must focus on draining septic sites, preserving sphincter function, and palliating symptoms. Medical management has had some success in improving symptoms, but as yet, it has not been able to ameliorate most perianal complaints quickly and enduringly. Many new and exciting treatment modalities are being investigated with the hope that more effective approaches to these complex and difficult problems can be realized.
Topics: Abscess; Anus Diseases; Anus Neoplasms; Crohn Disease; Fecal Incontinence; Female; Hemorrhoids; Humans; Intestinal Fistula; Male; Patient Selection; Prevalence; Rectal Diseases; Rectal Neoplasms; Rectovaginal Fistula
PubMed: 11218163
DOI: 10.1016/s0039-6109(05)70279-6 -
Archives de Pediatrie : Organe Officiel... Apr 2022Benign anorectal disease refers to a diverse group of frequent anorectal complaints that cause considerable discomfort, disability, and often constitute a significant... (Review)
Review
Benign anorectal disease refers to a diverse group of frequent anorectal complaints that cause considerable discomfort, disability, and often constitute a significant problem for the child and his or her family. Hemorrhoids, fissures, rectal prolapse, and perianal abscess and fistulas are the most common anorectal disorders in pediatric population and their appearance may be age-specific. Although they generally follow a benign course, a careful examination must be performed in order to exclude other serious and complicated underlying pathology. Their diagnosis is based on the patient's medical history, physical examination, endoscopy, and imaging. Moreover, the management of these disorders includes medical and surgical treatment options, and if they are treated promptly and properly may be limited and short lived. This review presents the currently available data in the literature on the diverse aspects of these disorders, including the definition, epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathogenesis, diagnosis, indications for surgery, and long-term outcomes.
Topics: Abscess; Anus Diseases; Child; Endoscopy; Female; Hemorrhoids; Humans; Male; Rectal Diseases; Rectal Fistula; Rectal Prolapse
PubMed: 35249800
DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2022.01.015