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Journal of the American Heart... Dec 2021Aortic aneurysm, including thoracic aortic aneurysm and abdominal aortic aneurysm, is the second most prevalent aortic disease following atherosclerosis, representing...
Aortic aneurysm, including thoracic aortic aneurysm and abdominal aortic aneurysm, is the second most prevalent aortic disease following atherosclerosis, representing the ninth-leading cause of death globally. Open surgery and endovascular procedures are the major treatments for aortic aneurysm. Typically, thoracic aortic aneurysm has a more robust genetic background than abdominal aortic aneurysm. Abdominal aortic aneurysm shares many features with thoracic aortic aneurysm, including loss of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), extracellular matrix degradation and inflammation. Although there are limitations to perfectly recapitulating all features of human aortic aneurysm, experimental models provide valuable tools to understand the molecular mechanisms and test novel therapies before human clinical trials. Among the cell types involved in aortic aneurysm development, VSMC dysfunction correlates with loss of aortic wall structural integrity. Here, we discuss the role of VSMCs in aortic aneurysm development. The loss of VSMCs, VSMC phenotypic switching, secretion of inflammatory cytokines, increased matrix metalloproteinase activity, elevated reactive oxygen species, defective autophagy, and increased senescence contribute to aortic aneurysm development. Further studies on aortic aneurysm pathogenesis and elucidation of the underlying signaling pathways are necessary to identify more novel targets for treating this prevalent and clinical impactful disease.
Topics: Aortic Aneurysm; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic; Humans; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle
PubMed: 34796717
DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.121.023601 -
VASA. Zeitschrift Fur Gefasskrankheiten Jan 2023
Topics: Humans; Aortic Aneurysm; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Neoplasms; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation
PubMed: 36617969
DOI: 10.1024/0301-1526/a001046 -
Heart (British Cardiac Society) Sep 2022
Topics: Aortic Aneurysm; Aortitis; Humans
PubMed: 36162847
DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2022-321058 -
Seminars in Vascular Surgery Mar 2016Management of aortic aneurysm disease has changed in the endovascular era, with the majority of patients opting for stent-graft repair of abdominal and thoracic... (Review)
Review
Management of aortic aneurysm disease has changed in the endovascular era, with the majority of patients opting for stent-graft repair of abdominal and thoracic aneurysms. An understanding of this vascular condition is important for primary care, emergency medicine, medicine specialists, and vascular surgeons alike. Awareness of the patient risk factors for aneurysmal degeneration, sac rupture, and medical management allows physicians to screen appropriate patient populations, which decreases aneurysm-related mortality due to rupture. The evolving endovascular techniques available today have made more patients eligible for this less-invasive repair, which has lower mortality and morbidity compared with open surgery with aorta replacement. This review provides contemporary information on the etiology, natural history, evaluation, and management of aortic aneurysm disease. The complications of prior aortic repair, whether performed via endovascular or open surgery intervention, are equally important to understanding not only for vascular surgeons performing these procedures, but also for primary care, emergency department, and medicine specialists who are evaluating these patients in an office or hospital setting.
Topics: Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic; Blood Vessel Prosthesis; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; Endovascular Procedures; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk Factors; Stents
PubMed: 27823587
DOI: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2016.07.003 -
The Journal of Thoracic and... Jun 2022
Topics: Aorta; Aortic Aneurysm; Humans
PubMed: 33744012
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.02.046 -
Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal 2022A 74-year-old female with previous permanent pacemaker insertion for complete heart block and no history of connective tissue disease presented to our regional...
A 74-year-old female with previous permanent pacemaker insertion for complete heart block and no history of connective tissue disease presented to our regional cardiothoracic center with progressive exertional shortness of breath. Nine years later, when the patient was 83 years old, a computed tomography scan of the thoracic aorta revealed an isolated aneurysm of the aortic root measuring 7.6 × 5.1 cm at the sinus of Valsalva.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aortic Aneurysm; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic; Aortic Valve; Aortic Valve Insufficiency; Female; Heart Valve Prosthesis; Humans; Sinus of Valsalva
PubMed: 35935098
DOI: 10.14797/mdcvj.1118 -
Circulation Research Feb 2019
Topics: Animals; Aortic Aneurysm; Humans
PubMed: 30763220
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.119.314765 -
Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and... Nov 2022
Topics: Humans; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic; Aortic Aneurysm; Genomics; Stents; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation
PubMed: 36200445
DOI: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.122.318525 -
European Journal of Vascular and... Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; Renal Veins; Aortic Aneurysm; Aorta; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal
PubMed: 37562762
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2023.08.004 -
Pediatric Cardiology Dec 2011A 14-year-old boy presented with an unusual bulging chest noted to be increasing slowly over the last few years. He had no other complaints. Cardiac echocardiography and...
A 14-year-old boy presented with an unusual bulging chest noted to be increasing slowly over the last few years. He had no other complaints. Cardiac echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed aneurysmal dilation of the ascending aorta with moderate aortic valve insufficiency and moderate pericardial effusion. The boy underwent reconstruction of his ascending aorta in the form of a Bentall procedure using a 25-mm Carbomedic valve conduit.
Topics: Adolescent; Aorta, Thoracic; Aortic Aneurysm; Aortic Valve Insufficiency; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Angiography; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine; Male; Pericardial Effusion; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 21894548
DOI: 10.1007/s00246-011-0103-9