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International Journal of Systematic and... Jul 2020A polyphasic taxonomic study was performed on an unidentified -like Gram-stain-positive bacterium designated strain C605018/01/1 isolated from a milk sample collected...
A polyphasic taxonomic study was performed on an unidentified -like Gram-stain-positive bacterium designated strain C605018/01/1 isolated from a milk sample collected from the udder of a cow at . Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the bacterium belonged to the genus and was most closely related to the type strain of (99.76 %); sequence similarities to all other species were below 97 %. The wet-lab DNA-DNA hybridization values among strain C605018/01/1 and DSM 13483ᵀ were low, 16.9 % (reciprocal, 49.8 %). Pertaining to the whole genome sequence with a total length of 2.02 Mb and 1654 protein counts, the novel strain C605018/01/01 displayed a G+C content of 51.6 % mol%. The presence of the major menaquinone MK-9(H) supported the affiliation of this strain to the genus . The polar lipid profile consisted of the major components diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol-mannoside and unidentified glycolipid and aminophospholipids. Based on these results it is proposed that strain C605018/01/1 should be classified as representing a novel species, sp. nov. The type strain C605018/01/1 (CCUG 45425=DSM 107286=BCCM/LMG 30783).
Topics: Animals; Arcanobacterium; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Cattle; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Female; Glycolipids; Mastitis, Bovine; Milk; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Vitamin K 2; Whole Genome Sequencing
PubMed: 32589570
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004230 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Jan 2023The genus is constantly growing as novel species are identified. In particular, harbor seals have proven to be a common reservoir for bacteria of this genus. Here, we...
The genus is constantly growing as novel species are identified. In particular, harbor seals have proven to be a common reservoir for bacteria of this genus. Here, we announce the complete genome sequence of another species-namely, Arcanobacterium pinnipediorum strain DSM 28752, isolated from a harbor seal.
PubMed: 36598257
DOI: 10.1128/mra.01180-22 -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2021For the last 13 years, the fur industry in Europe has suffered from epidemic spouts of a severe necrotizing pyoderma. It affects all species currently farmed for fur and...
For the last 13 years, the fur industry in Europe has suffered from epidemic spouts of a severe necrotizing pyoderma. It affects all species currently farmed for fur and causes animal welfare problems and significant losses to the farmers. The causative agent of this disease was identified as . Previously, this bacterium has been isolated from seals and other marine mammals, apparently causing wound and lung infections. Attempts at antibiotic treatment have been unsuccessful and the current advice on preventing the disease is to cull all animals with clinical signs. This poses an urgent question regarding possible vaccine development, as well as the need for further understanding of the pathogenicity of this organism. This study compared the whole genomes of 42 strains isolated from seals, blue foxes, finnraccoons, mink and otter. The sequences were created using the Illumina technology and annotations were done using the RAST pipeline. A phylogenetic analysis identified a clear separation between the seal strains and the fur-animal-derived isolates, but also indicated that the bacterium readily adapts to new environments and host species with reasonable diversity. A pan- and core-genome was created and analyzed for proteins. A further analysis identified several virulence factors as well as multiple putative and secreted proteins of special interest for vaccine development.
PubMed: 34207365
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10060740 -
The Journal of Infection Aug 2006Five cases of bacteraemia with Arcanobacterium haemolyticum in association with soft-tissue infections are reported from immunocompetent patients. A review of all A.... (Review)
Review
Five cases of bacteraemia with Arcanobacterium haemolyticum in association with soft-tissue infections are reported from immunocompetent patients. A review of all A. haemolyticum isolates from our institution over a three-year period reveals that 94% were cultured from patients with soft-tissue infections, and 72% of all patients had concomitant diabetes mellitus. Arcanobacterium haemolyticum is an uncommon cause of bacteraemic soft-tissue infections, and diabetes mellitus may be an associated risk factor.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Female; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Soft Tissue Infections
PubMed: 16316687
DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2005.10.008 -
The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical... Jan 2014We report the case of a 64-year-old man with Arcanobacterium pyogenes endocarditis. The patient presented with dyspnea and asymmetrical progressive quadriparesis. A... (Review)
Review
We report the case of a 64-year-old man with Arcanobacterium pyogenes endocarditis. The patient presented with dyspnea and asymmetrical progressive quadriparesis. A transthoracic echocardiogram revealed mobile vegetations on both leaflets of his mitral valve measuring 0.5 x 3 cm, thickening of the mitral valve with severe mitral regurgitation due to dehiscence of the papillary muscle to the posterior mitral leaflet. He also had aortic sclerosis with a vegetation measuring 0.5 x 1 cm causing aortic valve dehiscence and free flow aortic regurgitation. An initial hemoculture grew out pleomorphic, gram-positive, non-motile, anaerobic to microaerophilic bacilli. A diagnosis of infective endocarditis was made using modified Duke criteria. He was treated with intravenous ampicillin and gentamicin. Four days after admission, he developed acute respiratory failure and succumbed to the disease. A pre-mortem hemoculture and post-mortem heart valve culture grew Arcanobacterium pyogenes. Septic thromboemboli involving the brain, kidneys, lungs and spleen were documented. The patient also had ischemic vasculopathy with focal spinal arteriolitis and bilateral demyelination of the cervical corticospinal tracts. There are three published reports of human A. pyogenes endocarditis in the literature. Neurological involvement with ischemic spinal vasculopathy and demyelination has not been reported. We report the first autopsy proven case of A. pyogenes infective endocarditis with ischemic spinal vasculopathy. We review the clinicopathologic features of systemic A. pyogenes infection.
Topics: Actinomycetales Infections; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arcanobacterium; Diagnosis, Differential; Echocardiography; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Fatal Outcome; Humans; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 24964663
DOI: No ID Found -
Revista Espanola de Enfermedades... Dec 2020We report the case of a 90-year-old female who was admitted to our hospital due to a three-day history of right abdominal pain and fever of 39 °C (102 °F). The...
We report the case of a 90-year-old female who was admitted to our hospital due to a three-day history of right abdominal pain and fever of 39 °C (102 °F). The patient's blood pressure was low, with good blood perfusion and no jaundice, and her abdomen was soft and tender in the right hypochondriac and lateral region, with no guarding. Laboratory tests showed: blood glucose level of 201 mg/dl, 362 U/l AST, 237 U/l ALT, 2.5 mg/dl bilirubin, 237 U/l alkaline phosphatase and leukocytosis associated with a left shift. An abdominal ultrasound scan showed a collection of echogenic material and a shadow suggestive of air in hepatic segment 3. Meropenem and metronidazole treatment was started after taking blood cultures, which were negative. A computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed the presence of a liver abscess in segment 3, containing a high-density linear image.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Arcanobacterium; Female; Humans; Liver Abscess; Metronidazole; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 33054279
DOI: 10.17235/reed.2020.7029/2020 -
Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... Dec 2005
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Corynebacterium; Corynebacterium Infections; Humans; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 16341357
DOI: 10.4067/s0716-10182005000600008 -
The Journal of Hospital Infection Aug 2020Aging and comorbidities such as diabetes and vascular problems contribute to the increasing occurrence of chronic wounds. From the beginning of 2016, a marked increase...
INTRODUCTION
Aging and comorbidities such as diabetes and vascular problems contribute to the increasing occurrence of chronic wounds. From the beginning of 2016, a marked increase in Arcanobacterium haemolyticum (ARH) in chronic wound cultures was noted among patients visiting a wound expertise centre in The Netherlands.
AIM
To report the outbreak investigation of ARH cultured from chronic wounds and describe the implemented infection prevention measures.
METHODS
In total, 50 ARH isolates were sent to a reference laboratory for molecular typing. Samples for bacterial culture and ARH polymerase chain reaction were taken from care workers, the environment and items used for wound care. Infection prevention measures were implemented in a bundled approach, involving education, better aseptic wound care conditions and hygienic precautions. Before and after the implementation of infection prevention measures, two screening rounds of ARH testing were performed among all patients receiving home care.
RESULTS
ARH isolates from wound care patients were found to be identical by core genome multi-locus sequence typing. No definite outbreak source could be determined by culture. However, three pairs of forceps, used by two nurses on multiple patients, were found to be ARH positive by polymerase chain reaction. In the two screening rounds before and after the implementation of infection prevention measures, the proportion of ARH-positive patients decreased significantly from 20% (20/99) to 3% (3/104). Subsequently, no new cases occurred.
CONCLUSION
This first ARH outbreak was likely caused by re-using contaminated instruments. Through the implementation of improved infection prevention measures and re-education of all employees involved, the outbreak was controlled. With the current trend of care transition, infection control must be a major concern.
Topics: Actinomycetales Infections; Arcanobacterium; Bacteremia; Chronic Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Health Plan Implementation; Humans; Infection Control; Leg; Multilocus Sequence Typing; Netherlands; Retrospective Studies; Wound Infection
PubMed: 32417434
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.05.012 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Dec 2015A polyphasic taxonomic study was performed on an unidentified Arcanobacterium-like, Gram-stain-positive bacterium, strain 2710T, isolated from a harbour seal....
A polyphasic taxonomic study was performed on an unidentified Arcanobacterium-like, Gram-stain-positive bacterium, strain 2710T, isolated from a harbour seal. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that this bacterial strain belonged to the genus Arcanobacterium and was related most closely to the type strains of Arcanobacterium phocae (98.4 % similarity) and Arcanobacterium phocisimile (97.5 %). 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to the type strains of other Arcanobacterium species were between 95.3 and 96.9 %. DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain 2710T and A. phocae DSM 10002T and A. phocisimile LMG 27073T were 4.7 % (reciprocal 56 %) and 23 % (reciprocal 7.7 %), respectively. The presence of the major menaquinone MK-9(H4) and a polar lipid profile with the major compounds diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannoside supported the affiliation of strain 2710T to the genus Arcanobacterium. The major fatty acids were C16:0, C18:1ω9c, C18:0 and C18:2ω6,9c/anteiso-C18:0. The peptidoglycan structure was of cross-linkage type A5α (l-Lys-l-Lys-d-Glu). Physiological and biochemical tests clearly distinguished the isolate from other members of the genus Arcanobacterium. Based on these tests, it is proposed that this unknown bacterium should be classified as a novel species of the genus Arcanobacterium, with the name Arcanobacterium pinnipediorum sp. nov. The type strain is 2710T ( = DSM 28752T = LMG 28298T).
Topics: Animals; Arcanobacterium; Bacterial Typing Techniques; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Molecular Sequence Data; North Sea; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Peptidoglycan; Phoca; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Vitamin K 2
PubMed: 26373578
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000609 -
IDCases 2023to describe a case of severe sepsis and complicated bacteremia caused by cases in the literature.
OBJECTIVE
to describe a case of severe sepsis and complicated bacteremia caused by cases in the literature.
CASE SUMMARY
A 26-year-old gentleman with a history of epilepsy presented with symptoms of sore throat, productive cough, periumbilical abdominal pain, watery diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, subjective fevers along with progressive jaundice for seven days. The patient had acute fulminant liver failure, septic shock, and Multi-organ failure. He required vasopressors, underwent intubation, and had grown in the blood and Bronchoalveolar lavage samples. He developed a peritonsillar abscess and cavitary pneumonia and required chest tube drainage followed by thoracotomy for hemothorax. The patient improved on Ampicillin-Sulbactam treatment and was treated with a total antibiotic duration of 6 weeks. He fully improved on post-discharge follow-up.
DISCUSSION
Arcanobacterium haemolyticum is a Gram-positive (sometimes Gram variable), catalase-negative facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, and variably β-hemolytic and is known to be a cause of pharyngitis and skin and soft tissue infections. Rarely A. Haemolyticum can be associated with severe systemic infections such as infective endocarditis, systemic abscesses, osteomyelitis, and septicemia. In previous literature reviews, the source of A. haemolyticum depended on the host, and pharyngeal and upper respiratory sources were likely to be associated with immunocompetent hosts.
CONCLUSION
A. haemolyticum should be included in the differential diagnosis of bacterial pharyngitis complicated by severe systemic illness. Penicillins are the most commonly used antibiotics for treating A. haemolyticum bacteremia, and macrolides can be used for Penicillin's treatment failure.
PubMed: 36579145
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2022.e01645