-
The Annals of Pharmacotherapy Nov 2008To describe a case of severe sepsis, cavitary pneumonia, and pyomyositis caused by Arcanobacterium haemolyticum. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To describe a case of severe sepsis, cavitary pneumonia, and pyomyositis caused by Arcanobacterium haemolyticum.
CASE SUMMARY
An 18-year-old male with a medical history significant for mild asthma presented to the emergency department complaining of a 7-day history of fever, diffuse myalgias, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and pain in his right upper quadrant, right shoulder, and left thigh. Cultures of blood, bronchoalveolar fluid, and surface and surgical swabs from the patient's left lower extremity grew A. haemolyticum. The patient was successfully treated with intravenous penicillin G 4 million units every 4 hours and azithromycin 500 mg once daily for 14 days. Within 36 hours after initiation of focused therapy, he became afebrile, pain decreased, and pulmonary symptoms abated. Oral azithromycin 500 mg/day for an additional 3 weeks was prescribed on discharge, and the patient showed no relapse at 2-month follow-up.
DISCUSSION
A. haemolyticum is a weakly acid-fast, branching gram-positive bacillus most commonly implicated in pharyngitis in healthy adolescents and skin and soft-tissue infections in older, immunocompromised patients. Systemic infections are rarely reported in the literature. This organism remains susceptible to most classes of antimicrobials, including penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, macrolides, tetracyclines, clindamycin, and vancomycin. Routine resistance has been reported only with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.
CONCLUSIONS
To our knowledge, there are no published case reports of severe sepsis caused by A. haemolyticum. While treatment options are numerous, we recommend the use of intravenous penicillin or a cephalosporin as first-line pharmacologic management of deep-seated infections caused by this rare organism.
Topics: Actinomycetales Infections; Adolescent; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arcanobacterium; Azithromycin; Humans; Male; Penicillins; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Pyomyositis; Sepsis
PubMed: 18812563
DOI: 10.1345/aph.1L294 -
New Microbes and New Infections May 2021Strain Marseille-P3248 is a new species from the order that was isolated from the urine sample of a girl aged 20 months with rotavirus gastroenteritis. It is a...
Strain Marseille-P3248 is a new species from the order that was isolated from the urine sample of a girl aged 20 months with rotavirus gastroenteritis. It is a facultative anaerobic Gram-positive rod-shaped bacterium. Strain Marseille-P3248 exhibits 94.73% sequence similarity with strain M430/94/2, a phylogenetically related species with standing in nomenclature. Its genome size is 1 667 964 bp with 49.1% G + C content. Strain Marseille-P3248 (= CSURP3248) is the type strain of the new species sp. nov.
PubMed: 33854785
DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2021.100854 -
The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal Dec 1991
Review
Topics: Gram-Positive Asporogenous Rods; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Pharyngitis
PubMed: 1766710
DOI: No ID Found -
Anales de Medicina Interna (Madrid,... Sep 2002Arcanobacterium haemolyticum is a grampositive rod wich belonged, until a short time ago, to Corynebacterium genus, and recently classified in a new genus, with only one... (Review)
Review
Arcanobacterium haemolyticum is a grampositive rod wich belonged, until a short time ago, to Corynebacterium genus, and recently classified in a new genus, with only one specie. Human is the main reservoir. It has been isolated from the skin and pharinx of healthy individuals, but also it is cause of infection, specially pharingitis, in children, and chronic cutaneous ulcus, in diabetic patients. Less frequently, it is cause of osteomyelitis, meningitis, pneumonia, abscess, endocarditis and sepsis. Diagnosis is difficult because its double quality: comensal and pathogen. There are not established guidelines for the treatment of these infections, although most of isolated strains are susceptibles to penicillin, erythromicin, clindamycin and tetracycline. High doses of penicillin, with or without gentamicin, it is recommended for the treatment of deep infections.
Topics: Actinomycetaceae; Actinomycetales Infections; Humans
PubMed: 12420635
DOI: No ID Found -
Chinese Medical Journal 2014
Topics: Adult; Arcanobacterium; Endocarditis; Humans; Male; Young Adult
PubMed: 25269923
DOI: No ID Found -
Kansas Journal of Medicine Feb 2018
PubMed: 29844849
DOI: No ID Found -
New Microbes and New Infections Sep 2019Culturomics studies the microbial variety of the human microbiome by combining diversified culture conditions, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight...
Culturomics studies the microbial variety of the human microbiome by combining diversified culture conditions, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and 16S rRNA gene identification. This study identifies three putative new bacterial species: sp. nov. strain Marseille-P5647, sp. nov. strain Marseille-P5644 and sp. nov. strain Marseille-P5995, which we describe according to the concept of taxonogenomics.
PubMed: 31367386
DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2019.100585 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Jan 2024Many species of the genus are known as opportunistic pathogens and have been isolated in association with infectious diseases in humans and animals. Here, we present...
Many species of the genus are known as opportunistic pathogens and have been isolated in association with infectious diseases in humans and animals. Here, we present the complete genome sequence of another opportunistic pathogenic representative, namely , isolated from the otitis externa of an English bulldog.
PubMed: 38099684
DOI: 10.1128/mra.00624-23 -
Infectious Diseases in Clinical... May 2017is an uncommon cause of pharyngitis with rash that occurs predominantly among adolescents and that has been only rarely implicated in severe or systemic infections. We...
is an uncommon cause of pharyngitis with rash that occurs predominantly among adolescents and that has been only rarely implicated in severe or systemic infections. We report a case of subdural empyema and bacteremia due to in an adolescent woman following physical assault with trauma to the head, which required neurosurgical intervention combined with prolonged antibiotic therapy. We additionally describe the previous occurrences of culture positivity recorded over a fifteen-year period by the microbiology laboratories of the two large academic medical centers at which this patient received care, and review the epidemiology, laboratory identification, and treatment of this unusual pathogen.
PubMed: 30906173
DOI: 10.1097/IPC.0000000000000477 -
The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal May 2003We present a case of sinusitis and orbital cellulitis in a 9-year-old girl caused by the Gram-positive bacillus Arcanobacterium haemolyticum. In addition to...
We present a case of sinusitis and orbital cellulitis in a 9-year-old girl caused by the Gram-positive bacillus Arcanobacterium haemolyticum. In addition to antimicrobial chemotherapy, two surgical procedures were required to drain the ethmoid and maxillary sinus cavities and a subperiosteal abscess.
Topics: Actinomycetaceae; Actinomycetales Infections; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cellulitis; Child; Combined Modality Therapy; Drainage; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ethmoid Sinusitis; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Maxillary Sinusitis; Orbital Diseases; Risk Assessment; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 12797314
DOI: No ID Found