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International Review of Experimental... 1978
Review
Topics: Animals; Antigens, Viral; Arenaviridae; Cells, Cultured; Disease Reservoirs; Humans; Lassa Fever; Lassa virus; Virus Replication
PubMed: 350792
DOI: No ID Found -
Voprosy Virusologii 1978
Review
Topics: Arenaviridae; Arenaviruses, New World; Hemorrhagic Fever, American; Humans; Lassa Fever; Lassa virus; Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis; Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
PubMed: 206025
DOI: No ID Found -
Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy Nov 2012Arenaviruses are a large group of emerging viruses including several causative agents of severe hemorrhagic fevers with high mortality in man. Considering the number of... (Review)
Review
Arenaviruses are a large group of emerging viruses including several causative agents of severe hemorrhagic fevers with high mortality in man. Considering the number of people affected and the currently limited therapeutic options, novel efficacious therapeutics against arenaviruses are urgently needed. Over the past decade, significant advances in knowledge about the basic virology of arenaviruses have been accompanied by the development of novel therapeutics targeting different steps of the arenaviral life cycle. High-throughput, small-molecule screens identified potent and broadly active inhibitors of arenavirus entry that were instrumental for the dissection of unique features of arenavirus fusion. Novel inhibitors of arenavirus replication have been successfully tested in animal models and hold promise for application in humans. Late in the arenavirus life cycle, the proteolytic processing of the arenavirus envelope glycoprotein precursor and cellular factors critically involved virion assembly and budding provide further promising 'druggable' targets for novel therapeutics to combat human arenavirus infection.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Arenaviridae; Arenaviridae Infections; Drug Discovery; Humans; Viral Envelope Proteins; Viral Fusion Proteins; Virus Assembly; Virus Replication
PubMed: 23241187
DOI: 10.1586/eri.12.117 -
Current Topics in Microbiology and... 2002
Review
Topics: Animals; Arenaviridae Infections; Arenaviruses, New World; Arenaviruses, Old World; Disease Reservoirs; Humans; Muridae; Rodent Diseases
PubMed: 11987807
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-56029-3_2 -
Current Topics in Microbiology and... 1987
Comparative Study Review
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Arenaviridae; Base Composition; Base Sequence; Cloning, Molecular; Codon; DNA, Recombinant; DNA, Viral; RNA; RNA, Viral; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; Species Specificity
PubMed: 2435459
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-71683-6_3 -
Current Topics in Microbiology and... 1987
Review
Topics: Antibodies, Viral; Antigens, Viral; Arenaviridae; Gene Expression Regulation; Viral Proteins
PubMed: 3549168
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-71683-6_4 -
Viruses Dec 2022Mammarenaviruses are hosted by several rodent species, a small number of which have been known to be zoonotic. Host surveillance among small mammals has identified a...
Mammarenaviruses are hosted by several rodent species, a small number of which have been known to be zoonotic. Host surveillance among small mammals has identified a large diversity of previously undescribed mammarenaviruses. Intensified biosurveillance is warranted to better understand the diversity of these agents. Longitudinal host surveillance involving non-volant small mammals at a site in the Limpopo province, South Africa, was conducted. The study reports on the screening results of 563 samples for the presence of mammarenavirus RNA. PCR-positive samples were subjected to sequencing using Miseq amplicon sequencing. Sequences with close similarity to Mariental and Lunk viruses were identified from two rodent species, and This represents the first description of these viruses from South Africa. The genomic sequences reported here partially satisfied the requirements put forward by the International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses' criteria for species delineation, suggesting that these may be new strains of existing species. The known distribution of these mammarenaviruses is thus expanded further south in Africa.
Topics: Animals; Arenaviridae; Phylogeny; Africa, Southern; Mammals; Murinae
PubMed: 36680139
DOI: 10.3390/v15010099 -
Virus Research Feb 2005Viral hemorrhagic fevers represent serious human public health problems causing devastating and often lethal disease. Several hemorrhagic fevers are caused by... (Review)
Review
Viral hemorrhagic fevers represent serious human public health problems causing devastating and often lethal disease. Several hemorrhagic fevers are caused by arenaviruses including Lassa fever virus (LFV) and the South American viral hemorrhagic fevers (SAHF). In recent years, increased air travel between Africa and other areas has led to the importation of LFV into the US, Europe, Japan, and Canada. This has raised awareness about arenaviruses as potential emerging viruses. Moreover, because of its severe morbidity and high mortality, and transmissibility from human to human, weaponized forms of LFV poses a real threat as agent of bioterrorism. No licensed vaccine is available in the US, and currently there is not efficacious therapy to treat these infections. Therefore, the importance of developing novel effective antiviral drugs to combat HF arenaviruses, for which the prototypic Arenavirus lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) provides us with an excellent model system. Recent findings have shown that LCMV multiplication both in cultured cells and in vivo is highly susceptible to the mutagenic agent 5-fluorouracil (FU). FU-mediated extinction of LCMV was associated with only modest increases in virus mutation frequencies, but did not significantly affect virus replication and transcription, or virus particle formation. These findings indicate that, as with other riboviruses, lethal mutagenesis is effective also against LCMV raising the possibility of using this novel antiviral strategy to combat pathogenic arenaviruses.
Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; Arenaviridae Infections; Arenavirus; Cell Line; Fluorouracil; Humans; Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus; Mice; Mutagens; Mutation
PubMed: 15649566
DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2004.11.010 -
Viruses Aug 2023The mammarenavirus Junín (JUNV) is the causative agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fever, a severe disease of public health concern. The most abundant viral protein is the...
The mammarenavirus Junín (JUNV) is the causative agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fever, a severe disease of public health concern. The most abundant viral protein is the nucleoprotein (NP), a multifunctional, two-domain protein with the primary role as structural component of the viral nucleocapsids, used as template for viral polymerase RNA synthesis activities. Here, we report that the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the attenuated Candid#1 strain of the JUNV NP can be purified as a stable soluble form with a secondary structure in line with known NP structures from other mammarenaviruses. We show that the JUNV NP CTD interacts with the viral matrix protein Z in vitro, and that the full-length NP and Z interact with each other in cellulo, suggesting that the NP CTD is responsible for this interaction. This domain comprises an arrangement of four acidic residues and a histidine residue conserved in the active site of exoribonucleases belonging to the DEDDh family. We show that the JUNV NP CTD displays metal-ion-dependent nuclease activity against DNA and single- and double-stranded RNA, and that this activity is impaired by the mutation of a catalytic residue within the DEDDh motif. These results further support this activity, not previously observed in the JUNV NP, which could impact the mechanism of the cellular immune response modulation of this important pathogen.
Topics: Junin virus; Nucleoproteins; Arenaviridae; Catalysis; Exoribonucleases
PubMed: 37766225
DOI: 10.3390/v15091818 -
Current Topics in Microbiology and... 2002
Review
Topics: Animals; Arenaviridae Infections; Arenavirus; Humans; Phylogeny; Rodent Diseases
PubMed: 11987802
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-56029-3_1