-
Biomedical Optics Express Jun 2018We propose to use a single fungus endogenous fluorescence spectrometry base on a hyperspectral fluorescence microscope for the diagnosis of dermatophytosis. Dermatophyte...
We propose to use a single fungus endogenous fluorescence spectrometry base on a hyperspectral fluorescence microscope for the diagnosis of dermatophytosis. Dermatophyte samples, including were imaged, and the endogenous fluorescence spectrum of a single fungus was calculated. High contrast fluorescence images and endogenous fluorescence spectrum of the single fungus were used to identify the type of dermatophyte. Morphologically similar and can be distinguished using an endogenous fluorescence spectrum of the single fungus. Meanwhile, our result showed that the sensitivity and specificity of identifying were 95% and 93%, and the sensitivity and specificity of identifying were 94% and 93%.
PubMed: 30258686
DOI: 10.1364/BOE.9.002733 -
The Medical Journal of Malaysia May 2023Dermatomycoses are common superficial cutaneous fungal infections which affect the skin, nails and human hairs. It affects 20 to 25% of the world population. The...
INTRODUCTION
Dermatomycoses are common superficial cutaneous fungal infections which affect the skin, nails and human hairs. It affects 20 to 25% of the world population. The causative fungus varies geographically across the globe. Study on dermatomycoses is crucial to identify the aetiological fungus involved locally. The study aimed to determine the causative fungus of superficial fungal infections of the skin, nail and hair in patients presented to Hospital Melaka.
METHODS
This was a prospective study conducted from 15th January 2022 till 15th October 2022 at Dermatology Clinic, Hospital Melaka. Subjects with clinical dermatomycoses were included in this study. The samples were collected from skin, nails and hairs clinically affected by tinea corporis/cruris/pedis, onychomycosis and tinea capitis respectively. A potassium hydroxide (KOH) study was performed on the sample in which the fungal hyphae/yeast positive subjects were sent for fungal culture and fungal PCR test.
RESULT
A total of 222 clinical samples from skin, nails and hairs with a clinical suspicion of dermatomycoses yielded fungal hyphae/yeast in KOH. Majority of the samples were collected from skin (138, 62.2%), followed by nails (65, 29.3%) and hairs (19, 8.6%). Male to female ratio was 1.18: 1. The age ranged from 2 to 87 with the median of 55.5-yearsold. Out of 222 samples, 150 (67.6%) were fungal culture positive. From fungal culture positive samples, 87 samples were from tinea corporis, 50 samples were from onychomycoses and 13 samples were from tinea capitis. Trichophyton rubrum (39, 44.8%) was the commonest dermatophyte isolated in tinea corporis/cruris/pedis. Nondermatophyte moulds (NDM, 35, 70%) were the main fungi isolated in onychomycosis. Microsporum canis (7/53.8%) was the principal causative fungus among patients with tinea capitis. Among 150 fungal culture positive samples, 76 were fungal PCR positive. Only 38 samples consistently isolated same fungal species in both fungal culture and PCR test.
CONCLUSION
Majority of tinea corporis and tinea capitis fungal culture isolated dermatophytes, especially Trichophyton rubrum and Microsporum canis, respectively. Non-dermatophyte moulds were mainly isolated in onychomycosis.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Child, Preschool; Child; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Onychomycosis; Prospective Studies; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Arthrodermataceae; Dermatomycoses; Tinea; Tinea Capitis; Hospitals
PubMed: 37271847
DOI: No ID Found -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2020Pseudomycetoma is an extremely rare deep mycosis, caused by dermatophytic fungi that penetrate the tissue from infected follicles of tinea capitis. Both clinically and...
Pseudomycetoma is an extremely rare deep mycosis, caused by dermatophytic fungi that penetrate the tissue from infected follicles of tinea capitis. Both clinically and histopathology are similar to eumycetoma, being distinguished through the isolation of the fungus, which in the case of pseudomycetoma can be Microsporum spp. or Trichophyton spp. genre. We present a 24-year-old man with an exuberant tumor in the occipital region with fistula, whose histopathological examination evidenced grains composed of hyaline hyphae and the culture for fungi isolated the agent Microsporum canis. Combined treatment of surgical excision followed by oral griseofulvin for two years was performed, with resolution of the condition.
Topics: Dermatomycoses; Humans; Immunocompetence; Male; Microsporum; Mycetoma; Scalp Dermatoses; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 32278631
DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2019.07.012 -
Pediatric Dermatology Mar 2021A healthy 15-year-old girl presented with a total dystrophic nail plate and subungual hyperkeratosis over her left 3rd fingernail. Her 2-year-old shorthair cat had...
A healthy 15-year-old girl presented with a total dystrophic nail plate and subungual hyperkeratosis over her left 3rd fingernail. Her 2-year-old shorthair cat had circular erythematous patches of alopecia on the left aspect of its forehead. Fungal culture from the affected nail and her cat both grew Microsporum canis. The girl was treated with terbinafine with clinical and mycological cure.
Topics: Adolescent; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Cats; Humans; Microsporum; Nails; Onychomycosis; Terbinafine
PubMed: 33481262
DOI: 10.1111/pde.14524 -
Scientific Reports Nov 2020A new series of 5-arylhydrazonothiazole derivatives 5a-d has been synthesized, elucidated, and evaluated for their antidermatophytic activity. The minimum inhibitory...
A new series of 5-arylhydrazonothiazole derivatives 5a-d has been synthesized, elucidated, and evaluated for their antidermatophytic activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of the newly synthesized products were investigated against 18 dermatophyte fungal isolates related to Epidermophyton floccosum, Microsporum canis, and Trichophyton rubrum. The morphological alterations induced by the synthesized derivatives singly or conjugated with the monoclonal antibody were examined on spores of T. rubrum using a scanning electron microscope. The efficacy of synthesized derivative 5a applied at its respective MFC alone or conjugated with anti-dermatophyte monoclonal antibody 0014 in skin infection treatment of guinea pigs due to inoculation with one of the examined dermatophytes, in comparison with fluconazole as standard reference drug was evaluated. In an in vivo experiment, the efficiency of 5a derivative conjugated with the antibody induced 100% healing after 45 days in the case of T. rubrum and M. canis-infected guinea pigs.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Epidermophyton; Fluconazole; Guinea Pigs; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microsporum; Mycoses; Skin Diseases, Infectious
PubMed: 33257724
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77829-x -
Letters in Applied Microbiology Mar 2021Dermatophytoses are infections that affect keratinized tissues. Their main etiologic agents are fungi of the genera Microsporum and Trichophyton. The emergence of...
Dermatophytoses are infections that affect keratinized tissues. Their main etiologic agents are fungi of the genera Microsporum and Trichophyton. The emergence of resistant fungi and the clinical relevance of dermatophytosis have encouraged studies that aim to increase the arsenal of drugs or act on mechanisms that confer multiple drug resistance. This study investigated the modulating activity of terbinafine promoted by dihydrojasmone and terpinolene against Microsporum canis LM 216, Trichophyton interdigitale H6 and T. interdigitale Δmdr2. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of test drugs was determined by broth microdilution. The effect of the drugs tested on plasma membrane functionality was analysed. Terbinafine MIC was determined in sub-inhibitory concentrations of monoterpenes. Finally, it was performed an association study with terbinafine and monoterpenes. Dihydrojasmone presented lower MIC values than terpinolene. All fungi were sensitive to terbinafine, starting at 1 μg ml . All tested drugs increased K release (P < 0·05), affecting the functionality of the plasma membrane. Dihydrojasmone modulated the sensitivity of all strains against terbinafine, and terpinolene modulated the sensitivity of M. canis LM 216 and T. interdigitale Δmdr2. The monoterpenes and terbinafine drug associations presented synergism. In conclusion, the results suggest that the dihydrojasmone and terpinolene are promising antifungal agents that potentiate the antifungal activity of terbinafine against dermatophytes.
Topics: Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; Dermatomycoses; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microsporum; Monoterpenes; Terbinafine
PubMed: 32790923
DOI: 10.1111/lam.13371 -
Mycoses Dec 1997Most human cases of dermatophytosis diagnosed in Siena, Italy, in the last 5 years have been caused by two zoophilic species: Microsporum canis and Trichophyton...
Most human cases of dermatophytosis diagnosed in Siena, Italy, in the last 5 years have been caused by two zoophilic species: Microsporum canis and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Since many patients had a history of contact with apparently healthy stray cats, we examined the fur of 173 stray cats for dermatophytes. The cats were captured in different parts of Siena and none of them had mycotic lesions. Microsporum canis was isolated in 82 cats, Trichophyton mentagrophytes in three and Microsporum gypseum in one. Trichophyton terrestre was isolated in two cats. No significant differences were found in terms of sex and race, however, healthy carriers were significantly more frequent in the 1-year age group. The investigation showed that, in Siena, stray cats are a significant reservoir of Microsporum canis and source of infection for man.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Carrier State; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dermatomycoses; Female; Hair; Italy; Male; Microsporum; Trichophyton
PubMed: 9470415
DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.1997.tb00187.x -
Veterinary Dermatology Apr 2022Fungal culture is widely used as a diagnostic tool for detecting dermatophytosis. However, the presence of fungal contaminants can influence the culture's performance...
BACKGROUND
Fungal culture is widely used as a diagnostic tool for detecting dermatophytosis. However, the presence of fungal contaminants can influence the culture's performance and compromise the diagnosis.
OBJECTIVE
To verify whether the sample processing time can affect the performance of fungal culture for the diagnosis of Microsporum canis infection in cats.
ANIMALS
Forty Persian cats.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
Hair and scale samples were collected by combing the coat using a 5 × 5 cm sterile polyester carpet. The carpets were assigned randomly to four groups based on time point of processing samples after collection (i.e. used for culture on a selective agar medium for dermatophytes): Group 1: 8 h (n = 10); Group 2: 24 h (n = 10); Group 3: 48 h (n = 10); and Group 4: 72 h (n = 10). Cultures were compared regarding the degree of fungal invasion by either M. canis or nondermatophytic contaminant moulds (NDM).
RESULTS
Processing samples after 24 h of storage resulted in increased isolation rates of NDM and decreased isolation rates of M. canis. Samples processed after 48 h and 72 h presented more than half of the plates with a high degree of fungal contamination (i.e. NDM occupying ≥50% of the total fungal mass). However, samples processed after 8 h and 24 h presented a lower degree (P < 0.05) of NDM plate invasion and higher recovery rates of M. canis when compared to samples processed after 48 h and 72 h.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
Delayed processing time is closely associated with the overgrowth of contaminants and with lower recovery rates of M. canis.
Topics: Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dermatomycoses; Hair; Microsporum; Specimen Handling
PubMed: 34734438
DOI: 10.1111/vde.13039 -
Medical Mycology Apr 2000The validity of taxa around Microsporum canis was evaluated by a combination of phenetic and molecular methods. Morphological and physiological features were compared... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The validity of taxa around Microsporum canis was evaluated by a combination of phenetic and molecular methods. Morphological and physiological features were compared with results of sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal operon, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fingerprinting and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis. The seven species investigated seem to be infraspecific taxa and were reclassified or synonymized as M. canis (teleomorph: Arthroderma otae), M. ferrugineum, and M. audouinii.
Topics: Animals; DNA, Fungal; DNA, Ribosomal; Humans; Microsporum; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; RNA, Ribosomal; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S
PubMed: 10817231
DOI: 10.1080/mmy.38.2.143.153 -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2021The enzymatic and antifungal profiles of dermatophytes play an important role in causing infections in humans and animals. This study aimed to assess the virulence...
The enzymatic and antifungal profiles of dermatophytes play an important role in causing infections in humans and animals. This study aimed to assess the virulence factors produced by strains, in vitro antifungal profile and the relationship between virulence, antifungal profile and occurrence of lesions in animals and humans. A total of 100 strains from humans with ( = 10) and from animals presenting ( = 64) or not ( = 26) skin lesions was employed to evaluate phospholipase (Pz), hemolytic (Hz), lipase (Lz), catalase (Ca), and thermotolerance (GI) activities. In addition, in vitro antifungal profile was conducted using the CLSI broth microdilution method. A statistically significant difference ( < 0.05) in Lz and Ca values was revealed among strains from hosts with and without lesions. Voriconazole, terbinafine, and posaconazole were the most active drugs followed by ketoconazole, griseofulvin, itraconazole, and fluconazole in decreasing activity order. The significant positive correlation between azole susceptibility profile of and virulence factors (i.e., hemolysin and catalase) suggest that both enzyme patterns and antifungal susceptibility play a role in the appearance of skin lesions in animals and humans.
PubMed: 33809233
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10030296