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Indian Journal of Dermatology 2023(Bodin, 1902) is a dermatophyte, which is widely represented in the developing and the developed world alike. Commonly transmitted from domestic animals it is...
BACKGROUND
(Bodin, 1902) is a dermatophyte, which is widely represented in the developing and the developed world alike. Commonly transmitted from domestic animals it is particularly dangerous for immunosuppressed patients due to AIDS, cancer or transplant surgery. Search for new perspective antimycotic derivatives becomes an urgent task in the disease containment. Previously, several quinolinium analogs were screened for their antibacterial activity () by our research team. Furthermore, some phenylbenzoquinaldinium derivatives have shown antifungal activity against and .
AIMS
In this study, we sought to investigate fungicidal properties of arylbenzoquinaldinium derivatives against a clinical strain of for future medicinal applications.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
phenyl-[f]-benzoquinaldinium salts were prepared by a variation of the previously described technique and tested against a clinical strain of the fungus of harvested from pathogenic material of a patient (Perm, Russia, 2014).
RESULTS
phenyl-[f]-benzoquinaldinium tetrafluoroborate has shown antifungal activity par to (or exceeding) that of commercially available medication. Moreover, this benzoquinaldinium analog can be potentially labelled with tritium by our nuclear-chemical method, making it amenable for the sensitive pharmacokinetic studies.
CONCLUSIONS
-phenyl-[f]-benzoquinaldinium tetrafluoroborate has been shown as a promising compound for the further development of potent antifungal agents as well as radiotracers for further elucidation of biological pathways of antifungal activity.
PubMed: 37822376
DOI: 10.4103/ijd.IJD_261_16 -
Archivos de La Sociedad Espanola de... Oct 2018The case is presented of a 3-year-old girl with an erythematous oedematous plaque associated with blepharitis, and chalazion in the right upper eyelid. She received...
CASE REPORT
The case is presented of a 3-year-old girl with an erythematous oedematous plaque associated with blepharitis, and chalazion in the right upper eyelid. She received empirical treatment with topical corticosteroids, as well as an antifungal and antibiotic, without observing any improvement. The culture of the eyelid scrape showed Microsporum canis. Therefore, she was prescribed oral terbinafine and topical miconazole-betamethasone, achieving a clinical and microbiological recovery.
DISCUSSION
Eyelid infection due to dermatophytes is uncommon, but it should be considered among the diagnostic suspicions of palpebral skin lesions. The microbiological study is a key factor for its diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Topics: Antifungal Agents; Betamethasone; Blepharitis; Chalazion; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Female; Humans; Miconazole; Microsporum; Terbinafine; Tinea
PubMed: 29859733
DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2018.04.005 -
International Journal of STD & AIDS Dec 2021A 43-year-old male barber presented with 1 year history of a painful, itchy plaque on the dorsal hand. was recovered from pus of the lesion. Serologic testing for...
A 43-year-old male barber presented with 1 year history of a painful, itchy plaque on the dorsal hand. was recovered from pus of the lesion. Serologic testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody was positive, with a CD4 count of 81 cells per cubic millimeter. Invasive cutaneous infection is uncommon and can be suggestive of HIV infection or other conditions of immunocompromise.
Topics: Adult; Dermatomycoses; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Microsporum
PubMed: 34392714
DOI: 10.1177/09564624211037524 -
Veterinary Sciences Jan 2022Dermatophytosis is a disease caused by dermatophytes, a group of fungi that can cause disease both in humans and animals. The important genera that are pathogenic in...
Dermatophytosis is a disease caused by dermatophytes, a group of fungi that can cause disease both in humans and animals. The important genera that are pathogenic in animals include and is an important species because it can cause zoonosis and is commonly found in domestic animals. Cats, which live very close to humans, may expose humans to this pathogen. This research focused on the epidemiology of found in cats. Hair samples were collected via the Mackenzie technique from cats with and without skin lesions, preliminarily examined with 10% KOH preparation, and cultured for fungal identification. Samples were confirmed with molecular techniques including polymerase chain reaction, gel electrophoresis, and sequencing. Samples were collected from 138 cats located in 93 households, 43 from cats with skin lesions (31.16%) and 95 from cats without skin lesions (68.84%). Eighteen cats with lesions (13.04%) and ten cats without lesions (7.2%) were found to carry . In eleven of the eighteen cats both with skin lesions and positive for (61.11%), the pathogen was found both at the site of the lesion and at other sites in the body. Because the pathogen can be found in the hair of cats with and without skin lesions, owners, keepers, veterinarians, and others who come into contact with these animals are at risk of infection if they are not aware or do not take precautions after contact with them.
PubMed: 35051105
DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9010021 -
PloS One 2018This work describes the production of lipases from endophytic fungi: Vermisporium-like, Emericella nidulans, Dichotomophtora portulacae and D. boerhaaviae and the...
This work describes the production of lipases from endophytic fungi: Vermisporium-like, Emericella nidulans, Dichotomophtora portulacae and D. boerhaaviae and the biological activity against the dermatophyte fungi Malassezia sp and Microsporum canis and the parasite Leishmania amazonensis. All fungal enzymes extract showed lipolysis action in the media that contains long carbon chain lipids. The proteomic analysis of lipases exhibits several molecules mostly ranging in size from 220 to 20 kDa, with clear differences in protein profile's yield. All fungal enzymes were competent to eliminate promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis at 5 mg.mL-1. The antileishmanial activity of lipases from Vermisporium-like, E. nidulans, D. portulacae and D. boerhaaviae in amastigote forms, promoted the reduction in viability of 78.88, 39.65, 63.17 and 98.13%, with selectivity index of 19.56, 30.68, 18.09 and 20.99. In relation to antifungal activity, Dichothomophtora enzymes demonstrate best action with MFC of 14.65 μg.mL-1 against Malassezia sp and Microsporum canis, respectively. These results allow us to infer that lipases from entophytic fungi displays activity against dermatophyte fungi (Malassezia sp. and Microsporum canis) as well as Leishmania.
Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Antiprotozoal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Complex Mixtures; Emericella; Fungal Proteins; Leishmania; Lipase; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C
PubMed: 29912872
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196796 -
Mycopathologia Sep 1978One hundred and ninety-eight isolates of Microsporum canis, obtained from humans and animals in 12 countries, were paired with the two Japanese tester strains of...
One hundred and ninety-eight isolates of Microsporum canis, obtained from humans and animals in 12 countries, were paired with the two Japanese tester strains of Nannizzia otae (= M. canis), VUT 74037 (CDC B-2094+) and VUT 74039 (CDC B-2095-). One hundred and forty-one (72%) produced either gymnothecia or pseudogymnothecia in crosses with VUT 74037. Fifty-seven (28%) were nonreactive. None of the paired isolates reacted with VUT 74039. The number of nonreactive isolates decreased to 17% when 104 of the 198 isolates were paired with one additional tester strain of each mating type. All sexually reacting strains, however, belonged to the (-) mating type. Crosses between nonreactive isolates did not result in ascocarp formation. The F1 generations from three different strongly reactive crosses were all characterized by poor ascospore germination. Most of the monoascospore progeny that germinated to form mature colonies were nonreactive in crosses to determine their mating type. Others reacted predominantly as the (+) mating type, thereby precluding the likelihood of an associated lethal factor accounting for the lack of this mating type in our clinical isolates. Several explanations for this phenomenon are presented.
Topics: Animals; Conjugation, Genetic; Crosses, Genetic; Dermatomycoses; Humans; Microsporum; Spores, Fungal
PubMed: 714146
DOI: 10.1007/BF00443083 -
Advances in Experimental Medicine and... 2021Dermatophytes are a group of fungal agents that can invade humans' keratinized tissues such as skin, nail, and hair, thereby causing dermatophyte infection...
Dermatophytes are a group of fungal agents that can invade humans' keratinized tissues such as skin, nail, and hair, thereby causing dermatophyte infection (dermatophytosis) or ringworm. Some natural products have been reported to possess fungicidal effects. Hence, the present study investigated the effect of curcuminoids (CUR) and difluorinated curcumin (CDF) against clinical isolates of dermatophytes. CUR and CDF powders were evaluated against dermatophyte species including Trichophyton tonsurans (n = 21), T. mentagrophytes (n = 19), T. interdigitale (n = 18), Microsporum canis (n = 4), T. benhamiae (n = 1), and T. verrucosum (n = 1), based on the CLSI M38-A2 guideline. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges of CUR were 4-16, 8-16, 4-16, 8, 8, and 16 μg/ml for T. tonsurans, T. mentagrophytes, T. interdigitale, M. canis, T. benhamiae, and T. verrucosum, respectively. In addition, MIC ranges of CDF were obtained as 2-32, 4-16, 0.125-16, 8-16, 8, and 16 μg/ml, for T. tonsurans, T. mentagrophytes, T. interdigitale, M. canis, T. benhamiae, and T. verrucosum, respectively. CUR and CDF showed an inhibitory effect against dermatophyte isolates. CDF showed a stronger effect than CUR, especially against T. interdigitale. CUR and CDF have the capacity to be developed for use in dermatophytosis to augment existing preventative/therapeutic strategies.
Topics: Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Curcumin; Dermatomycoses; Diarylheptanoids; Humans; Microsporum; Trichophyton
PubMed: 33861439
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-64872-5_8 -
Current Microbiology Jan 2022Dermatophytoses representing a major global health problem and dermatophyte species with reduced susceptibility to antifungals are increasingly reported. Therefore, we...
Dermatophytoses representing a major global health problem and dermatophyte species with reduced susceptibility to antifungals are increasingly reported. Therefore, we investigated for the first time the antidermatophyte activity and phytochemical properties of the sequential extracts of the Egyptian privet Henna (Lawsonia inermis) leaves. Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids (TF), and antioxidant activity of chloroform, diethyl ether, acetone, ethanol 80%, and aqueous extracts were evaluated. The antifungal activity of henna leaves extracts (HLE) toward 30 clinical dermatophytes isolates, including Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis, and T. rubrum, was determined. Morphological changes in hyphae were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Following the polarity of ethanol and acetone, they exhibited distinct efficiency for the solubility and extraction of polyphenolic polar antioxidants from henna leaves. Fraxetin, lawsone, and luteolin-3-O-glucoside were the major phenolic compounds of henna leaves, as assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. A high and significant positive correlation was found between TPC, TF, the antioxidants, and the antidermatophyte activities of HLE. Acetone and ethanol extracts exhibited the highest antifungal activity toward the tested dermatophyte species with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges 12.5-37.5 and 25-62.5 µg/mL, respectively. Structural changes including collapsing, distortion, inflating, crushing of hyphae with corrugation of walls, and depressions on hyphal surfaces were observed in SEM analysis for dermatophyte species treated with MICs of griseofulvin, acetone, and ethanol extracts. In conclusion, acetone and ethanolic extracts of henna leaves with their major constituent fraxetin exhibited effective antifungal activity toward dermatophyte species and may be developed as an alternative for dermatophytosis treatment. These findings impart a useful insight into the development of an effective and safe antifungal agent for the treatment of superficial fungal infections caused by dermatophytes.
Topics: Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Lawsonia Plant; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microsporum; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves
PubMed: 34982214
DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02686-4 -
Mycopathologia Oct 2023To investigate the current etiological, diagnostic, and therapeutic characteristics of tinea capitis in children in Jilin Province.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the current etiological, diagnostic, and therapeutic characteristics of tinea capitis in children in Jilin Province.
METHODS
Sixty pediatric patients with tinea capitis were enrolled between August 2020 and December 2021. Data on calcofluor white (CFW) fluorescence microscopy, fungal culture, Wood's lamp examination, dermoscopy, treatment, and follow-up were collected and analyzed.
RESULTS
1. Of all the enrolled patients, 48 had a history of animal contact, mostly with cats and dogs. Fifty-one strains were isolated, of which 46 were Microsporum canis (M. canis). 2. All enrolled patients were examined using fluorescence microscopy, and 59 were positive. Forty-one cases of tinea alba were examined using Wood's lamp, and 38 were positive. Forty-two cases of tinea alba were examined using dermoscopy, and 39 demonstrated specific signs. Effective treatment manifested as a fading bright green fluorescence, decreased mycelial/spore load, reduced specific dermoscopic signs, and hair regrowth. 3. Treatment was terminated in 23 and 37 cases based on mycological and clinical cures, respectively. No recurrence occurred during follow-up.
CONCLUSION
1. M. canis is the predominant pathogen causing tinea capitis in children in Jilin Province. Animal contact is considered the main risk factor. 2. CFW fluorescence microscopy, Wood's lamp, and dermoscopy can be used to diagnose ringworms and follow-up patients. 3. Both mycological and clinical cures can be the endpoint of adequate treatment for tinea capitis.
Topics: Humans; Child; Animals; Cats; Dogs; Tinea Capitis; Microsporum; Hair; Tinea
PubMed: 37022619
DOI: 10.1007/s11046-023-00718-0 -
Mycopathologia Jan 2023We report infant zigzag hairs as a distinct trichoscopic sign for follow up a case of pet-related newborn tinea capitis due to Microsporum canis. Formation of infant...
We report infant zigzag hairs as a distinct trichoscopic sign for follow up a case of pet-related newborn tinea capitis due to Microsporum canis. Formation of infant zigzag hairs due to ectothrix M. canis infection may be associated soft neonatal widespread thin hair, which is different from vellus hair and terminal hair. In addition, tinea capitis was further confirmed by transmission electric microscopy and fungal culture. The patient was successfully treated by weekly oral fluconazole (8 mg/kg). Therefore, the handheld dermoscopy is a simple, non-invasive and very inexpensive technique for the diagnosis and follow-up of tinea capitis, especially for infant.
Topics: Infant; Infant, Newborn; Humans; Follow-Up Studies; Dermoscopy; Tinea Capitis; Microsporum; Hair; Early Diagnosis
PubMed: 36652037
DOI: 10.1007/s11046-023-00709-1