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Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of... Nov 1993Athetosis is a peculiar involuntary movement resulting from pathologic involvement of the basal ganglia. Although mechanism of this movement is still far from... (Review)
Review
Athetosis is a peculiar involuntary movement resulting from pathologic involvement of the basal ganglia. Although mechanism of this movement is still far from established, athetosis is clinically differentiated from chorea and dystonia. The purpose of this article is to review and summarise the classification of this involuntary movement disorder. This movement disorder is classified into double athetosis, chorea-athetosis, unilateral athetosis and pseudo-athetosis. The double athetosis is featured by increased muscle tonus and irregular small amplitude movement, which appears the most frequently in patients of cerebral palsy. In chorea-athetosis, irregular abnormal movement is more prominent and larger than double athetosis. This type of movement appears commonly in patients other than cerebral palsy. Unilateral and pseudo-athetosis are derived not from disturbance of the basal ganglia but from impared sensory pathways of the deep sensation due to cerebro-vascular lesion. Stereotactic VL-thalamotomy is effective to relieve increased muscle tonus but not to decrease involuntary movement.
Topics: Athetosis; Brain Diseases; Clonazepam; Diazepam; Humans; Metabolic Diseases
PubMed: 8277561
DOI: No ID Found -
Revue Neurologique Sep 2004The term athetosis has progressively disappeared from the anglo-saxon literature which considers that athetosis is part of the spectrum of dystonia. These two clinical... (Review)
Review
The term athetosis has progressively disappeared from the anglo-saxon literature which considers that athetosis is part of the spectrum of dystonia. These two clinical entities can be distinguished, however. Athetosis can be identified, searching for subtle semiological traits, in particular at the level of the hand. The earlier appearance of athetosis may be result from its onset during the early phases of development of the central nervous system. Despite its rarity, the clinical diagnosis of athetosis is important to consider from a prognostic point of view. Indeed, it results from brain lesions, and is therefore not a hereditary disorder as it may be the case for dystonia, and its evolution is relatively stable. The efficacy of treatments used in patients with dystonia, in particular high frequency pallidal stimulation, remains to be assessed in patients with athetosis. The concept of athetosis is still helpful in clinical practice.
Topics: Athetosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Dystonia; Humans; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 15454863
DOI: 10.1016/s0035-3787(04)71031-0 -
The Ulster Medical Journal May 1950
Topics: Athetosis; Humans
PubMed: 15431312
DOI: No ID Found -
Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu 1999
Review
Topics: Athetosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Prognosis
PubMed: 10434605
DOI: No ID Found -
Handbook of Clinical Neurology 2011"Athetosis," from the Greek athetos, meaning "without fixed position," is a movement disorder first described by Hammond in 1871. The term described slow, irregular... (Review)
Review
"Athetosis," from the Greek athetos, meaning "without fixed position," is a movement disorder first described by Hammond in 1871. The term described slow, irregular continual movements of the distal extremities. In 1983, Foley defined the athetoid syndrome as "a nonprogressive but evolving disorder due to damage to the basal ganglia of the full-term brain … [with] impairment of postural reflexes, arrhythmical involuntary movements, and dysarthria, [but] sparing … sensation, ocular movements and … intelligence." A decade later, "athetoid syndrome" was replaced by "dyskinetic cerebral palsy." Injury to basal ganglia by various mechanisms, including asphyxia, trauma, perinatal strokes, and kernicterus, is known to cause birth-related athetosis. Kernicterus originally described the neuropathology of bilirubin-induced brain injury, where the deep nuclei of the brain stain yellow. Kernicterus now describes the clinical features of chronic bilirubin encephalopathy, which include an extrapyramidal movement disorder, sensorineural hearing loss, impaired upward gaze, and dental enamel dysplasia. Aggressive treatment of perinatal hyperbilirubinemia has led to a decline in kernicterus so that, today, it is a rare cause of dyskinetic cerebral palsy. In this chapter, we provide a historic overview of athetosis and its formerly common cause, kernicterus. We relate earlier terminology to more recent definitions of impairments in dyskinetic cerebral palsy, including dystonia, chorea, and choreoathetosis.
Topics: Athetosis; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Kernicterus; Male; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications
PubMed: 21496597
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52014-2.00030-6 -
Movement Disorders : Official Journal... Jul 1999Two patients with movement disorders associated with syringomyelia are described, one of whom developed unusual torticollis, and the other had choreoathetoid-dystonic... (Review)
Review
Two patients with movement disorders associated with syringomyelia are described, one of whom developed unusual torticollis, and the other had choreoathetoid-dystonic movements of the hand and arm. In each case, the movements resolved with decompression of the syrinx. The literature is reviewed and possible mechanisms explored.
Topics: Adult; Athetosis; Chorea; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Spinal Cord Compression; Syringomyelia; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 10435509
DOI: 10.1002/1531-8257(199907)14:4<684::aid-mds1021>3.0.co;2-g -
Rinsho Shinkeigaku = Clinical Neurology Dec 1993
Review
Topics: Athetosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Dystonia; Humans
PubMed: 8174319
DOI: No ID Found -
Revista de Neurologia 1995
Review
Topics: Athetosis; Brain; Child, Preschool; Chorea; Female; Humans; Male; Sex Factors; Streptococcus
PubMed: 7497309
DOI: No ID Found -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Feb 1980
Review
Topics: Athetosis; Chorea; Glutarates; Humans; Infant; Oxidoreductases
PubMed: 6992375
DOI: No ID Found -
Therapeutische Umschau. Revue... Jan 1988
Review
Topics: Athetosis; Brain Damage, Chronic; Chorea; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Hyperkinesis
PubMed: 3279564
DOI: No ID Found