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BMJ Case Reports Jun 2022A man in his 20s, with irritation, pain and photophobia in the left eye, was clinically diagnosed with herpes simplex virus nummular keratitis at our institute and...
A man in his 20s, with irritation, pain and photophobia in the left eye, was clinically diagnosed with herpes simplex virus nummular keratitis at our institute and advised topical antivirals and corticosteroids, causing resolution of active infiltrates. The infection recurred after 7 months and the patient did not respond to the previous regimen, so corneal scraping was sent for microbiological evaluation. Gram-positive bacilli grew on culture, which were identified as using VITEK 2 Compact system (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France). Gatifloxacin eye drops were added based on antibiotic sensitivity patterns. Infiltrates resolved completely, leaving behind residual scars without any recurrences. This is the first reported case of corneal infection caused by , a bacterium known to reside in the urogenital tract. It caused secondary corneal infection in a case of recurrent herpes simplex keratitis. Species identification systems like VITEK 2 Compact can help identify such rare bacteria with great accuracy.
Topics: Actinobacteria; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Humans; Keratitis, Herpetic; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
PubMed: 35760507
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-248988 -
Ginekologia Polska May 2006Atopobium vaginae was described in 1999 by Rodriguez et al. It is a Gram-positive bacterium producing organic acids (lactic acid, acetic acid, formic acid) as a results... (Review)
Review
Atopobium vaginae was described in 1999 by Rodriguez et al. It is a Gram-positive bacterium producing organic acids (lactic acid, acetic acid, formic acid) as a results of glucose fermentation. It was first found in vaginal swab taken from a healthy woman using 16S rRNA analysis. A. vaginae is associated with bacterial vaginosis and its consequences in upper part of women reproductive organs.
Topics: Actinobacteria; Female; Gardnerella vaginalis; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Vaginosis, Bacterial; Women's Health
PubMed: 16958231
DOI: No ID Found -
Sexually Transmitted Infections Sep 2017The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess and concentrations in pregnant women of different age groups, gestational age groups, vaginal flora categories...
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess and concentrations in pregnant women of different age groups, gestational age groups, vaginal flora categories and HIV status, and also to determine which DNA concentrations best discriminated between bacterial vaginosis (BV)-positive and non-BV categories.
METHODS
Self-collected vaginal swabs were obtained from 220 pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic in Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa, from July 2012 to December 2012. BV was detected with the Nugent scoring system, and and DNA was quantified with a multiplex quantitative real-time PCR assay.
RESULTS
Median concentrations of and were not significantly different among various age groups ( p=0.98 and p=0.18) or different trimesters ( p=0.31 and p=0.19), but differed significantly among the vaginal flora categories ( p<0.001 and p<0.001) and HIV status ( p<0.001 and p=0.004). The presence of (OR=5.8; 95% CI 1.34 to 25.21 and p value=0.02) but not that of (OR=1.90; 95% CI 0.81 to 4.43 and p value=0.14) was associated with HIV infection. An DNA concentration of ≥10 copies/mL together with a positive result (≥10 copies/mL) best discriminated between BV-positive (39/220) and non-BV categories (181/220) with a sensitivity of 85% (95% CI 0.70 to 0.94) and a specificity of 82% (95% CI 0.76 to 0.88).
CONCLUSIONS
and were present in high numbers and concentrations in this pregnant cohort. Threshold concentrations should be established for specific populations to ensure sensitive molecular assays for BV detection.
Topics: Actinobacteria; Adult; Anti-Infective Agents; Bacterial Load; Cohort Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Gardnerella vaginalis; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Prevalence; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; South Africa; Vagina; Vaginosis, Bacterial
PubMed: 28143901
DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2016-052883 -
Beneficial Microbes Feb 2019Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common cause of vaginal discomfort in women. It is characterised by abnormal vaginal microbiota with a depletion of lactobacilli and... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Evidence-based mixture containing Lactobacillus strains and lactoferrin to prevent recurrent bacterial vaginosis: a double blind, placebo controlled, randomised clinical trial.
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common cause of vaginal discomfort in women. It is characterised by abnormal vaginal microbiota with a depletion of lactobacilli and predominance of anaerobic microorganisms, mainly Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae. Although antibiotics represent an effective therapeutic option in the short-term, recurrent infections still remain a serious problem. Nowadays, evidence exists about the efficacy of probiotics for the management of BV. The aim of the current double blind, randomised clinical trial was to assess the efficacy of a probiotic mixture, including Lactobacillus acidophilus GLA-14 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001, in combination with bovine lactoferrin, as adjuvant therapy to metronidazole in women with recurrent BV. In particular, normalisation of Nugent score, remission of symptoms and recurrences during a six-months follow-up were assessed. 48 adult women received metronidazole (500 mg twice daily) for 7 days and randomly assigned to take simultaneously either probiotics plus lactoferrin or placebo (2 capsules/day for 5 days followed by 1 capsule/day for 10 consecutive days; induction phase). The verum or placebo administration (1 capsule/day for 10 consecutive days) was repeated each month (maintenance phase) during the six months of follow-up starting the first day of menstrual cycle since the menstrual blood increases the vaginal pH and contributes to increase the risk of recurrences. The results showed that symptoms (vaginal discharge and itching), Nugent score and recurrence rate were significantly improved by probiotics mixture in association with lactoferrin. This alternative approach may represent a safe and effective remedy for the restoration of healthy vaginal microbiota in preventing recurrent BV.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Combined Modality Therapy; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lactobacillus; Lactoferrin; Metronidazole; Middle Aged; Probiotics; Prospective Studies; Recurrence; Secondary Prevention; Treatment Outcome; Vaginosis, Bacterial; Young Adult
PubMed: 30525953
DOI: 10.3920/BM2018.0075 -
Clinical Laboratory 2014Traditional methods for the diagnosis of BV is either with poor sensitivity or poor specificity. Thus, establishing a new method based on the vaginal flora is vital for... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Traditional methods for the diagnosis of BV is either with poor sensitivity or poor specificity. Thus, establishing a new method based on the vaginal flora is vital for the diagnosis of BV.
METHODS
This article is a retrospective research. Based on the Amsel criteria and Nugent score, 230 BV-positive patients and 360 healthy women were enrolled, specific PCR and quantitative PCR were applied to quantify 5 BV-associated bacteria, including Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Leptotrichia/Sneathia species, Megasphaera species and Mobiluncus mulieris. ROC curve was facilitated to screen a bacterial panel with optimal sensitivity and specificity.
RESULTS
Specific PCR showed that the area under ROC curve of A.vag, G.vag + A.vag, G.vag + A.vag + Lepto, G.vag + A.vag + Mega and G.vag + A.vag + M.mul were 0.845, 0.862, 0.865, 0.869 and 0.867, the sensitivity and specificity were higher than 80%, which were practicable methods for the diagnosis of BV. Quantitative PCR showed the area under ROC curve of Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Leptotrichia/Sneathia species, Megasphaera species and Mobiluncus mulieris were 0.959, 0.996, 0.933, 0.748 and 0.639, when the cutoff value of Atopobium vaginae loads was 247,800 copies/mL, the optimal sensitivity and specificity were 0.979 and 0.952, which was distinctly better than specific PCR.
CONCLUSIONS
Quantification ofAtopobium vaginae loads may be a new method of excellent sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of BV.
Topics: Actinobacteria; Area Under Curve; Bacterial Load; Bacteriological Techniques; DNA, Bacterial; Female; Humans; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Predictive Value of Tests; ROC Curve; Retrospective Studies; Vagina; Vaginosis, Bacterial
PubMed: 25291946
DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2014.131121 -
IDCases 2020Although bacterial vaginosis is the most common and benign vaginal infection worldwide, some cases of severe acute infections have been described in the literature. We...
Although bacterial vaginosis is the most common and benign vaginal infection worldwide, some cases of severe acute infections have been described in the literature. We report the case of a 57-year-old French female who developed a life-threatening postoperative peritonitis after a total hysterectomy with adnexectomy in the context of the removal of leiomyosarcoma. The microbiological analysis of the peritoneal fluid identified and The final diagnosis was a septic shock induced by an early onset peritonitis caused by and . The normal flora of the genital area could lead to a serious life threatening postoperative infection and should always be in the differential diagnosis.
PubMed: 32596133
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e00876 -
Nutrients Jan 2020Spontaneous preterm birth is associated with vaginal microbial dysbiosis. As certain strains of lactobacilli help restore homeostasis in non-pregnant women, the goal was... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Spontaneous preterm birth is associated with vaginal microbial dysbiosis. As certain strains of lactobacilli help restore homeostasis in non-pregnant women, the goal was to determine the effect of GR-1 and RC-14 administered orally, twice daily for 12 weeks on the vaginal microbiota, cytokines and chemokines of low-risk pregnant women. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial comparing probiotic lactobacilli to placebo daily was performed in 86 asymptomatic pregnant women who had an Intermediate or Bacterial Vaginosis Nugent score at 13 weeks. After drop outs, 32 women receiving probiotics and 34 receiving placebo completed the study. The Nugent score returned to normal in 30% of the women in both groups at 28 weeks and was maintained until 35 weeks. The majority of subjects had normal pregnancy outcomes. Ninety-three bacterial species were detected at 13 weeks, with and being the most abundant across pregnancy. There was no difference in the Shannon diversity index between the probiotic and placebo groups at 13, 28 or 35 weeks. Almost all subjects consumed fermented foods and many of the organisms in the vagina are also known to be present in fermented foods. Interleukin-4 in the placebo group and Interleukin-10 in both probiotic and placebo groups increased slightly at 28 weeks but were not different at 35 weeks when compared to 13 weeks. In conclusion, this study showed no adverse issues resulting from 12 week use of probiotic strains GR-1 and RC-14 during pregnancy in women at low risk for premature birth. The vaginal microbiota demonstrated flux irrespective of this oral probiotic administration.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Chemokines; Cytokines; Double-Blind Method; Dysbiosis; Female; Humans; Limosilactobacillus reuteri; Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; Microbiota; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Premature Birth; Probiotics; Treatment Outcome; Vagina; Vaginosis, Bacterial
PubMed: 32019222
DOI: 10.3390/nu12020368 -
Anaerobe Jun 2021The present study aimed to determine the utility of detection of co-infection of Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae using qualitative PCR for diagnosing...
The present study aimed to determine the utility of detection of co-infection of Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae using qualitative PCR for diagnosing bacterial vaginosis (BV). Vaginal samples (n = 385) categorized as positive (n = 108) or negative (n = 208) for bacterial vaginosis based on the Nugent scoring system, were analyzed for the presence of G. vaginalis and A. vaginae by conventional PCR. We compared the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and odds ratio for the detection of each bacterium alone with the combination of the two bacteria for diagnosing BV. The detection of co-infection of the two bacteria demonstrated a sensitivity of 96%, a specificity of 82.9%, a positive predictive value of 68.5%, a negative predictive value of 98.2% with an odds ratio of 116 (CI -32 - 409). In our study, we found a high sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value and odds ratio for the detection of co-infection of A. vaginae and G. vaginalis for the diagnosis of BV.
Topics: Actinobacteria; Adolescent; Adult; Bacteriological Techniques; Coinfection; Female; Gardnerella vaginalis; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sensitivity and Specificity; Vaginosis, Bacterial; Young Adult
PubMed: 33582302
DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2021.102343 -
Georgian Medical News Sep 2023When women with comorbid bacterial vaginosis visit periodontologist, it is essential to understand the presence of cross-infection processes between the oral cavity and...
When women with comorbid bacterial vaginosis visit periodontologist, it is essential to understand the presence of cross-infection processes between the oral cavity and vagina in this particular category of subjects. Conducting detection of Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae, which are provocative microbial factors for bacterial vaginosis, is a mandatory step in the laboratory examination of subjects. When choosing an antiseptic for oral cavity disinfection, the use of 0.25% dequalinium chloride is more advisable. Both subjective and objective examination methods thoroughly demonstrate the higher clinical effectiveness of 0.25% dequalinium chloride: patients report a 20% more frequent improvement in subjective indicators, the index assessment of periodontal status improves by 1.2-1.6 times, and the detection rate of Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae is by 20% lower compared to 0.2% chlorhexidine. The specific composition of oral microbiota in this group of subjects necessitates adjustments to treatment protocols and consideration of the specific impact on Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae.
Topics: Humans; Female; Vaginosis, Bacterial; Gardnerella vaginalis; Dequalinium; Vagina; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Mouth
PubMed: 37991968
DOI: No ID Found -
Molecular and Cellular Probes Apr 2008Atopobium vaginae, a fastidious, anaerobic, Gram-positive cocci-shaped bacterium that generates large quantities of lactic acid, is associated with bacterial vaginosis...
Atopobium vaginae, a fastidious, anaerobic, Gram-positive cocci-shaped bacterium that generates large quantities of lactic acid, is associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV). Published nucleic acid amplification tests for identifying A. vaginae are directed toward the 16S ribosomal DNA with suboptimal specificity and require isolation of the organism. Here, sequencing of an A. vaginae genomic library has led to the development of a highly specific and sensitive real-time PCR test for detection of A. vaginae directly from gynecological cervicovaginal swab samples. The real-time PCR did not cross-react with DNA extracted from other members of the Atopobium genus, species with closely related 16S ribosomal DNA, and a panel of 51 other human pathogens. The DNA extraction and PCR assembly were amenable to automation using Corbett Robotics X-tractor Gene and CAS-4200N liquid handling systems. The real-time PCR was used to analyze 96 cervicovaginal swab samples submitted to our clinical laboratory for detection of organisms associated with BV. Of those samples, 28 were positive for A. vaginae. Of the 28 positive samples, 23 were concomitant with Gardnerella vaginalis detection. These results suggest that further clinical study of the relationship of A. vaginae with G. vaginalis and the development of BV should be performed.
Topics: Actinobacteria; DNA, Bacterial; Female; Gardnerella vaginalis; Humans; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Vaginosis, Bacterial
PubMed: 17913456
DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2007.08.002