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The American Journal of Medicine Aug 1965
Topics: Angiocardiography; Atropine; Cardiac Catheterization; Cardiac Output; Cardiomyopathies; Cineangiography; Drug Therapy; Electrocardiography; Genetic Diseases, Inborn; Heart Arrest; Heart Atria; Heart Block; Heart Function Tests; Heart Rate; Humans; Muscular Dystrophies
PubMed: 14320701
DOI: 10.1016/0002-9343(65)90059-8 -
Cureus May 2022Atrial standstill is a rare condition in which the atrium loses its mechanical contraction with or without losing the electrical conduction. In this report, we discuss...
Atrial standstill is a rare condition in which the atrium loses its mechanical contraction with or without losing the electrical conduction. In this report, we discuss a case of a 64-year-old male patient with a history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and persistent refractory atrial fibrillation (AF). He underwent ablation therapy with a successful return to sinus rhythm. However, post-procedure echocardiography imaging showed the absence of left atrium mechanical activity. We aim to highlight the importance of assessing atrial mechanical activity by imaging after sinus cardioversion in order to treat any preventable complications promptly.
PubMed: 35755564
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25293 -
Circulation. Arrhythmia and... Oct 2020
Topics: Cardiomyopathies; Genetic Diseases, Inborn; Heart Atria; Heart Block; Humans; Phenotype; Stroke; X-Linked Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy
PubMed: 33079577
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCEP.120.009338 -
American Heart Journal Oct 1979Temporary atrial standstill is a relatively rare event requiring intraatrial electrogram recordings for its documentation. Previous reports have emphasized its...
Temporary atrial standstill is a relatively rare event requiring intraatrial electrogram recordings for its documentation. Previous reports have emphasized its relationship to drug intoxication, infarction, the immediate post open-heart surgery period, or the premorbid state; significant impairment of atrial excitability is usual. The occurrence of atrial standstill in the presence of intact atrial excitability suggests "electrical isolation" of the atria. The three patients we describe manifested temporary atrial standstill while maintaining atrial excitability. Diffuse conduction system disease and drug effects played a contributory role.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Electrophysiology; Female; Heart Atria; Heart Conduction System; Heart Diseases; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Time Factors
PubMed: 484429
DOI: 10.1016/0002-8703(79)90245-x -
The American Journal of Medicine Feb 1974
Topics: Adult; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Electrocardiography; Female; Heart Atria; Heart Conduction System; Humans; Radiography
PubMed: 4812078
DOI: 10.1016/0002-9343(74)90601-9 -
Angiology 1976A 55 year old man with hypertensive cardiovascular disease and uremia was studied. Atrial standstill was confirmed by intracardiac electrocardiography and by inability...
A 55 year old man with hypertensive cardiovascular disease and uremia was studied. Atrial standstill was confirmed by intracardiac electrocardiography and by inability to stimulate the atria using intraatrial cardiac electrical pacing. Atrial standstill was observed to persist for at least three months in duration. This rare cardiac mechanism disorder of atrial standstill, its characteristics and possible mechanisms are reviewed.
Topics: Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Electrocardiography; Furosemide; Heart Atria; Humans; Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis; Male; Middle Aged; Spironolactone; Time Factors; Uremia
PubMed: 1078321
DOI: 10.1177/000331977602700706 -
Circulation May 2016Although sinus node dysfunction (SND) and atrial arrhythmias frequently coexist and interact, the putative mechanism linking the 2 remain unclear. Although SND is... (Review)
Review
Although sinus node dysfunction (SND) and atrial arrhythmias frequently coexist and interact, the putative mechanism linking the 2 remain unclear. Although SND is accompanied by atrial myocardial structural changes in the right atrium, atrial fibrillation (AF) is a disease of variable interactions between left atrial triggers and substrate most commonly of left atrial origin. Significant advances have been made in our understanding of the genetic and pathophysiologic mechanism underlying the development and progression of SND and AF. Although some patients manifest SND as a result of electric remodeling induced by periods of AF, others develop progressive atrial structural remodeling that gives rise to both conditions together. The treatment strategy will thus vary according to the predominant disease phenotype. Although catheter ablation will benefit patients with predominantly AF and secondary SND, cardiac pacing may be the mainstay of therapy for patients with predominant fibrotic atrial cardiomyopathy. This contemporary review summarizes current knowledge on sinus node pathophysiology with the broader goal of yielding insights into the complex relationship between sinus node disease and atrial arrhythmias.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Atrial Fibrillation; Brugada Syndrome; Cardiac Conduction System Disease; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; Humans; Sick Sinus Syndrome; Sinoatrial Node
PubMed: 27166347
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.018011 -
Journal of Cardiology Cases Nov 2016Most of the abnormal cardiac conduction system findings are atrial tachyarrhythmias in cardiac sarcoidosis. However, atrial standstill as a sick-sinus syndrome could be...
Most of the abnormal cardiac conduction system findings are atrial tachyarrhythmias in cardiac sarcoidosis. However, atrial standstill as a sick-sinus syndrome could be complicated in the case of diffuse atrial fibrosis. Herein, we present an interesting and valuable case of atrial standstill with suspected isolated cardiac sarcoidosis. < The chronic inflammation caused by isolated cardiac sarcoidosis could impair the conduction system. With atrial standstill, we recommend a comprehensive effort to investigate the potential etiology including cardiac sarcoidosis, particularly in the case of enlarged atrium and ventricular dysfunction.>.
PubMed: 30546677
DOI: 10.1016/j.jccase.2016.06.010 -
European Heart Journal. Case Reports Jun 2023Juvenile onset of extensive atrial electromechanical failure, including atrial standstill, is a rare disease entity that may precede ventricular cardiomyopathy. Genetic...
Juvenile-onset multifocal atrial arrhythmias, atrial standstill and compound heterozygosity of genetic variants in : sentinel event for evolving dilated cardiomyopathy-a case report.
BACKGROUND
Juvenile onset of extensive atrial electromechanical failure, including atrial standstill, is a rare disease entity that may precede ventricular cardiomyopathy. Genetic variants associated with early-onset atrioventricular (AV) cardiomyopathy are increasingly recognized.
CASE SUMMARY
A 16-year-old patient presented with atrial brady- and tachyarrhythmias and concomitant impaired atrial electromechanical function (atrial standstill). The atrial phenotype preceded the development of a predominantly right-sided AV dilated cardiomyopathy with pronounced myocardial fibrosis. A His-bundle pacemaker was installed for high-degree AV conduction block and sinus arrest. Using familial-based whole-exome sequencing, a missense mutation and a copy number variant deletion (compound heterozygosity) of the gene (involved in ribosomal RNA synthesis) were identified.
DISCUSSION
Juvenile onset of severe atrial electromechanical failure with atrial arrhythmias should prompt deep pheno- and genotyping and calls for vigilance for downstream cardiomyopathic deterioration.
PubMed: 37501913
DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytad255 -
Journal of Comparative Pathology Oct 2020The hearts of three dogs, clinically diagnosed as having persistent atrial standstill syndrome (PAS), were studied post mortem. The most significant gross findings in...
The hearts of three dogs, clinically diagnosed as having persistent atrial standstill syndrome (PAS), were studied post mortem. The most significant gross findings in the hearts of all three dogs were dilatation and marked reduction in the thickness of both atrial walls. Histopathologically, all three had widespread progressive loss of the atrial myocardium with replacement by fatty or fibrofatty tissue, consistent with atrial myopathy. The lesion mainly affected the upper half of both atria and was more severe in the epimyocardium and midmyocardium than in the endomyocardium. On the basis of these observations, it is proposed that the atrial myopathy commences in the upper regions of both atria and progresses downwards, as has been demonstrated electrophysiologically in PAS in humans, and extends from the epicardium towards the endocardium.
Topics: Animals; Cardiomyopathies; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Genetic Diseases, Inborn; Heart Atria; Heart Block
PubMed: 33222880
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2020.08.005