-
Developmental Medicine and Child... Sep 2016
Topics: Epilepsy; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Migraine with Aura; Perfusion
PubMed: 27117204
DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.13145 -
The Journal of Laryngology and Otology Jun 2011To report a case of fluctuating hearing due to auditory aura, as an unusual presentation of temporal lobe epilepsy. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To report a case of fluctuating hearing due to auditory aura, as an unusual presentation of temporal lobe epilepsy.
METHODS
Case report and review of English language literature on temporal lobe epilepsy and auditory aura.
RESULTS
A 31-year-old man presented with intermittent symptoms of bilateral fullness in the ears associated with deafness. He was subsequently diagnosed with temporal lobe epilepsy. Further enquiry revealed a family history of epilepsy.
CONCLUSION
Auditory aura as a presentation of temporal lobe epilepsy is rarely encountered in otolaryngological practice. This case highlights the importance of obtaining detailed information on epilepsy, including any family history of epilepsy, as a routine part of history-taking in patients presenting with fluctuating hearing loss.
Topics: Adult; Deafness; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Male; Medical History Taking
PubMed: 21439111
DOI: 10.1017/S0022215110002847 -
Pediatric Neurology Dec 2014
-
American Family Physician Jul 2001Significant advances have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy over the past decade. With the advent of electroencephalographic video monitoring,... (Review)
Review
Significant advances have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy over the past decade. With the advent of electroencephalographic video monitoring, physicians are now able to reliably differentiate epilepsy from other conditions that can mimic it, such as pseudoseizures. In addition, neuroimaging has changed the way treatment for difficult epilepsy is approached. As a result, the classification systems that have been in use since the early 1980s are currently being revised. A broader range of treatment options for epilepsy is now available. Many new antiepileptic drugs have become available in recent years, including felbamate, gabapentin, lamotrigine, topiramate, tiagabine, levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine and zonisamide. These medications offer options for patients with epilepsy whose seizures cannot be controlled using the classic agents. Several classic antiepileptic drugs have been modified and reformulated. The ketogenic diet has resurfaced as a treatment option in certain types of epilepsy. The vagus nerve stimulator, approved in 1997, represents a completely new treatment modality for patients with seizures not controlled by medications. Epilepsy surgery is now a well-documented and effective treatment for some patients with intractable epilepsy.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Humans; Vagus Nerve
PubMed: 11456438
DOI: No ID Found -
Epilepsia 1986Psychogenic seizures occur in a heterogeneous population and are varied in their expression and etiology. Patients with psychogenic seizures form a significant...
Psychogenic seizures occur in a heterogeneous population and are varied in their expression and etiology. Patients with psychogenic seizures form a significant percentage of patients presenting with "epilepsy"--especially the group intractable to treatment. Intensive neurodiagnostic monitoring of ictal events and the classification of patients into clinically useful subgroups are important tools in approaching this disorder.
Topics: Behavior; Epilepsy; Humans
PubMed: 3720709
DOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1986.tb05736.x -
Headache Jul 2018
Topics: Epilepsy; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Migraine with Aura
PubMed: 30152158
DOI: 10.1111/head.13364 -
Harefuah Jan 2009Elderly persons with epilepsy are expected to be an increasing larger group among patients with epilepsy in view of population aging and the higher onset of epilepsy in... (Review)
Review
Elderly persons with epilepsy are expected to be an increasing larger group among patients with epilepsy in view of population aging and the higher onset of epilepsy in the elderly as compared to any other age group. Cerebrovascular disease is the most common cause of seizures in the elderly, and complex partial seizures (CPS) are the most common seizure type in this age group. CPS semiology is often different in the elderly compared to young adults, since strokes usually involve extratemporal regions. The absence of familiar clinical characteristics of seizures, such as aura and automatisms, can delay the correct diagnosis of epilepsy or Lead to misdiagnosis. As a result of age-related pharmacokinetic changes, the clearance of most old and new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs] is reduced by 20-40% in elderly persons compared to younger adults, and there may be a longer elimination half-life of certain AEDs. In addition to measurements of serum AED concentration, it is important to monitor clinical response, since age-related pharmacodynamic changes can alter the relationship between serum AED concentration and pharmacological effects. Newer AEDs have a lower potential for drug interactions and are better tolerated by the elderly compared to old generation AEDs. Monotherapy is the preferred therapeutic strategy for initial treatment of seizures due to fewer adverse events, decreased risk of drug interactions, improved adherence and lower treatment costs. Elderly patients with epilepsy are more likely to remain seizure-free on AED treatment than younger age groups. Elderly patients with refractory epilepsy and precise localization of the seizure focus can be appropriate surgical candidates, and a favorable prognosis is expected with curative surgical procedures.
Topics: Age of Onset; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, Complex Partial; Humans; Seizures
PubMed: 19320390
DOI: No ID Found -
Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B Mar 2009During the past decade, substantial progress has been made in delineating clinical features of the epilepsies and the basic mechanisms responsible for these disorders.... (Review)
Review
During the past decade, substantial progress has been made in delineating clinical features of the epilepsies and the basic mechanisms responsible for these disorders. Eleven human epilepsy genes have been identified and many more are now known from animal models. Candidate targets for cures are now based upon newly identified cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie epileptogenesis. However, epilepsy is increasingly recognized as a group of heterogeneous syndromes characterized by other conditions that co-exist with seizures. Cognitive, emotional and behavioral co-morbidities are common and offer fruitful areas for study. These advances in understanding mechanisms are being matched by the rapid development of new diagnostic methods and therapeutic approaches. This article reviews these areas of progress and suggests specific goals that once accomplished promise to lead to cures for epilepsy.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Comorbidity; Epilepsy; Humans; Neurosurgical Procedures
PubMed: 19341977
DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2009.02.036 -
Cephalalgia : An International Journal... May 2010
Topics: Aircraft; Epilepsy; Female; Headache; Humans; Young Adult
PubMed: 19614701
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2982.2009.01942.x -
Cephalalgia : An International Journal... Feb 2011Convexity subarachnoid haemorrhage (cSAH) has recently been recognised as a cause of recurrent aura-like symptoms, mimicking transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs)....
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Convexity subarachnoid haemorrhage (cSAH) has recently been recognised as a cause of recurrent aura-like symptoms, mimicking transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs). Subarachnoid haemorrhage and recurrent aura-like episodes can occur in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), which has been the presumed cause in the majority of reported cases. However, this syndrome can occur following cSAH secondary to other conditions, and it is important for clinicians to investigate and manage such patients appropriately.
METHOD
Case series.
RESULTS
We describe two patients who presented with recurrent stereotyped transient neurological symptoms in the setting of acute cSAH identified on MRI. In one patient, SAH occurred secondary to cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. In the other, SAH was due to extension of a traumatic subdural haematoma.
CONCLUSIONS
Conditions other than CAA can cause the clinicoradiological syndrome of cSAH with recurrent TIA-like events. Gradient echo or susceptibility-weighted imaging should be included in the diagnostic work-up of patients presenting with such events. When cSAH is detected, the full differential diagnosis for this should be considered. Aetiologies other than CAA can cause this syndrome and management can vary greatly depending on the underlying cause.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy; Diagnosis, Differential; Epilepsy; Female; Hematoma, Subdural, Intracranial; Humans; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
PubMed: 20855358
DOI: 10.1177/0333102410384885