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Arquivos de Neuro-psiquiatria May 2022Vestibular migraine (VM) remains an underdiagnosed condition, often mistaken with brainstem aura. VM is defined by recurrent vestibular symptoms in at least 50% of...
Vestibular migraine (VM) remains an underdiagnosed condition, often mistaken with brainstem aura. VM is defined by recurrent vestibular symptoms in at least 50% of migraine attacks. Diagnosis is established by clinical criteria based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3). Estimated prevalence of VM is 1 to 2.7% of the adult population. Vestibular symptoms usually appear after the headache. VM pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Vertigo may occur before, during, after the migraine attack, or even independently, and may last seconds to hours or days. Pathophysiological mechanisms for VM are still poorly understood and are usually extrapolated from migraines. Differential diagnoses include Ménière's disease, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, brainstem aura, transient ischemic attack, persistent perceptual postural vertigo, and episodic type 2 ataxia. Specific treatment recommendations for vestibular migraine are still scarce.
Topics: Adult; Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo; Diagnosis, Differential; Epilepsy; Humans; Migraine Disorders
PubMed: 35976301
DOI: 10.1590/0004-282X-ANP-2022-S111 -
Cephalalgia : An International Journal... May 2007Persistent aura symptoms in patients with migraine are rare but well documented. The International Headache Society defines persistent aura without infarction as when... (Review)
Review
Persistent aura symptoms in patients with migraine are rare but well documented. The International Headache Society defines persistent aura without infarction as when the aura symptoms persist for > 1 week without radiographic evidence of infarction. The visual aura of migraine attacks has been explained by cortical spreading depression. We describe a case of a 28-year-old Mexican woman, who presented with persistent aura symptoms, and a literature review. The patient had a 24-year history of migraine headache. In November 2005 the patient had an attack which started with scintillating scotomas bilaterally associated with photopsias and amaurosis followed by migraine headache. All imaging studies were negative. The episode lasted 35 days and probably resolved with nimodipine therapy. Persistent aura symptoms are rare entities. This is the first case documented of a Mexican patient with persistent aura without infarction and probably resolved with nimodipine therapy.
Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Epilepsy; Humans; Male; Mexico; Migraine with Aura
PubMed: 17388804
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2982.2007.01307.x -
Cephalalgia : An International Journal... Jan 2019Paroxysmal neurological symptoms occurring with sex cause considerable anxiety and sometimes have a serious cause. Thunderclap headache is the most well-known and...
BACKGROUND
Paroxysmal neurological symptoms occurring with sex cause considerable anxiety and sometimes have a serious cause. Thunderclap headache is the most well-known and requires urgent investigation at first presentation for subarachnoid haemorrhage and other significant pathologies. After exclusion of underlying causes, many prove to be primary headache associated with sexual activity. Orgasmic migraine aura without headache is not currently recognised as a clinical entity.
CASE REPORTS
We report two patients with acephalgic orgasmic neurological symptoms fulfilling the criteria for migraine aura.
CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of acephalgic orgasmic migraine aura is unknown. It should be considered as part of the differential of paroxysmal sex-related neurological symptoms, and clinically differentiated from fixed deficits, reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome and post-orgasmic illness syndrome.
Topics: Adult; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Migraine with Aura; Orgasm; Young Adult
PubMed: 29682978
DOI: 10.1177/0333102418771373 -
Turkish Neurosurgery 2023To determine the feasibility and efficacy of aura intervention in preventing the recurrence of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) by observing the changes in the seizure...
AIM
To determine the feasibility and efficacy of aura intervention in preventing the recurrence of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) by observing the changes in the seizure frequency and quality of life (QOL) scale score.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A total of 160 patients will be selected from a pre-established database and randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. The proposed study is divided into four stages and requires approximately one and a half years for completion. The primary outcome measure is the change in seizure frequency, and the secondary one is the quality of life.
RESULTS
We expect that our subjects show a lasting, stable, and clinically relevant reduction in seizure frequency and improvement in the quality of life, suggesting that aura intervention may be one more feasible way to treat patients with auras, specifically those who experience refractory epilepsy.
CONCLUSION
The ability to perceive auras is the premise of our trial. We mainly study TLE as it relatively has more incidence of auras and a higher cure possibility compared to other types of epilepsy. Although we currently address our problems in a small group of subjects, we believe that the studied aura intervention can easily be applied to millions of patients with epilepsy worldwide if this intervention is considered effective.
Topics: Humans; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Quality of Life; Prospective Studies; Epilepsy; Seizures; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 34859831
DOI: 10.5137/1019-5149.JTN.34207-21.2 -
Klinische Monatsblatter Fur... Sep 2001Visual phenomena like lightnings, disturbed contours of objects, or skotoma, can be due to ophthalmological diseases, but can also occur as symptoms generated by the... (Review)
Review
Visual phenomena like lightnings, disturbed contours of objects, or skotoma, can be due to ophthalmological diseases, but can also occur as symptoms generated by the central nervous system ("aura") in migraine or epilepsy. A subsequent hemicrania is considered as a hallmark of migraine, but in many cases does not allow for a certain distinction from postictal headaches in patients with focal epilepsy. A detailed analysis of the aura does, however, provide sufficient information for classifying the disorder as an aura in migraine or as a simple partial epileptic seizure in most cases. The higher degree of differentiation of visual phenomena including colour, movement, and complex visual phenomena, is characteristic of the activation of neuronal circuits during an epileptic aura. The higher speed of transsynaptic propagation of epileptic discharges and postictal inactivation causes a more rapid time-course of the epileptic aura as compared to a migraine aura resulting from a depolarization spreading by diffusion. Clinically, the diagnosis of epilepsy is supported by additional positive motor phenomena or by a transition into a complex partial seizure, e. g. when epileptic activity spreads into a temporal lobe. Secondarily generalized seizures, however, may also occur in patients with migraine. Interictal and ictal EEG recordings can be important to prove an epileptic origin, but their sensitivity is low if ictal discharges remain limited to a small brain area. In rare cases, measurements of ictal cerebral perfusion can contribute to the differential diagnosis.
Topics: Brain; Diagnosis, Differential; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Hallucinations; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Migraine with Aura; Scotoma; Vision Disorders
PubMed: 11590466
DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-17636 -
Neurologia Oct 2021
Topics: Epilepsy; Humans; Pyrrolidinones; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34238718
DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2020.10.004 -
Molecular Pain Oct 2010The pathophysiology of migraine remains largely unknown. However, evidence regarding the molecules participating in the pathophysiology of migraine has been... (Review)
Review
The pathophysiology of migraine remains largely unknown. However, evidence regarding the molecules participating in the pathophysiology of migraine has been accumulating. Water channel proteins, known as aquaporins (AQPs), notably AQP-1 and AQP-4, appears to be involved in the pathophysiology of several neurological diseases. This review outlines newly emerging evidence indicating that AQP-1 plays an important role in pain signal transduction and migraine and could therefore serve as a potential therapeutic target for these diseases.
Topics: Animals; Aquaporin 1; Central Nervous System; Epilepsy; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Models, Biological; Nociceptors
PubMed: 20969805
DOI: 10.1186/1744-8069-6-68 -
Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B Apr 2015The health locus of control is the subjective perception of control over one's health. It has been studied for years as one of several factors that determine patient...
OBJECTIVE
The health locus of control is the subjective perception of control over one's health. It has been studied for years as one of several factors that determine patient health-related behaviors. The aim of this study was to investigate how the epileptic aura is associated with the health locus of control, anxiety, and depression.
METHODS
Patients were included retrospectively, based on patient records from the epilepsy monitoring unit of the Rigshospitalet University Hospital. Participants were asked about the presence and nature of auras in a semistructured interview. The Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale, Form C was used to evaluate the health locus of control. Three domains were evaluated: internal, where health is controlled by personal action; chance, where health is controlled by fate or luck; and powerful others, where health is controlled by the actions of others (e.g., doctors and parents). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to evaluate levels of anxiety and depression.
RESULTS
Forty-nine patients, with mean age of 38years, participated in the study. Of these, 67% reported experiencing one or more auras; i.e., subjective warning signs prior to a generalized or focal seizure with an impairment in consciousness. Patients that could react to their aura prior to a seizure scored higher on the internal subscale of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control questionnaire compared to participants that could not react to their aura.
CONCLUSIONS
The ability to react to an aura prior to a seizure correlated positively with the internal subscale of the health locus of control. However, it did not significantly correlate with the external subscales of chance and powerful others in the health locus of control. Moreover, there was no significant relation between the ability to react to an aura prior to a seizure and the levels of anxiety or depression.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Depression; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Internal-External Control; Male; Middle Aged; Perception; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Retrospective Studies; Self Concept; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 25843341
DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.01.030 -
Handbook of Clinical Neurology 2024Retinal migraine is usually characterized by attacks of fully reversible monocular visual loss associated with migraine headache. Retinal migraine is most common in... (Review)
Review
Retinal migraine is usually characterized by attacks of fully reversible monocular visual loss associated with migraine headache. Retinal migraine is most common in women of child-bearing age who have a history of migraine with aura. In the typical attack, monocular visual features consist of partial or complete visual loss lasting less than 1h. Although the current diagnostic criteria for retinal migraine require fully reversible visual loss, our findings suggest that irreversible visual loss is part of the retinal migraine spectrum. Nearly half of reported cases with recurrent transient monocular visual loss subsequently experienced permanent monocular visual loss.
Topics: Humans; Female; Migraine Disorders; Vision Disorders; Epilepsy; Migraine with Aura
PubMed: 38307658
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-823357-3.00012-4 -
American Journal of Hematology Apr 2020
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anemia, Sickle Cell; Biofeedback, Psychology; Blood Transfusion; Epilepsy; Feasibility Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Mobile Applications; Pain; Pain Measurement; Patient Generated Health Data; Pilot Projects; Prodromal Symptoms; Stress, Psychological; Vasoconstriction; Young Adult
PubMed: 31957078
DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25736