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Clinical and Experimental Dermatology Apr 2024
Topics: Female; Humans; Back; Diagnosis, Differential; Skin Neoplasms; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 38000895
DOI: 10.1093/ced/llad413 -
The Jackson Clinic Bulletin Jan 1946
Topics: Back
PubMed: 21016259
DOI: No ID Found -
Dermatology Online Journal Nov 2020Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn is a rare lobular panniculitis. It is characteristic of term or post-term neonates with a history of perinatal compromise or...
Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn is a rare lobular panniculitis. It is characteristic of term or post-term neonates with a history of perinatal compromise or maternal gestational pathology. The cutaneous manifestations consist of erythematous and indurated subcutaneous plaques and nodules located over the dorsal region and the shoulders. Diagnosis is clinical and pathological. Histopathological findings include lobular panniculitis with a lymphohistiocytic inflammatory infiltrate with few neutrophils, fatty necrosis, deposition of radial needle-shaped crystals in the adipocytes, and possible calcification and hemorrhage. The cutaneous ultrasound shows hyperechoic and avascular subcutaneous cellular tissue and acoustic shadows may appear corresponding to calcifications. The clinical differential diagnosis includes sclerema neonatorum and post-corticosteroid panniculitis. Histologically crystal-forming panniculitis conditions are in the differential diagnosis. The disease is usually self-limited but complications such as hypercalcemia, hypoglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia may occur. Complications should be ruled out and treated at diagnosis and during follow-up. The most important complication is hypercalcemia.La necrosis grasa subcutánea neonatal es una paniculitis lobulillar infrecuente. Es característica de neonatos a término o postérmino con antecedentes de sufrimiento perinatal o patología gestacional materna. Las manifestaciones cutáneas consisten en placas y nódulos subcutáneos eritematosos e indurados localizados preferentemente en la región dorsal y los hombros. El diagnóstico es clínicopatológico. Los hallazgos histopatológicos comprenden una paniculitis lobulillar con un infiltrado inflamatorio linfohistiocitario con escasos neutrófilos, necrosis grasa, depósito de cristales radiados en los adipocitos y posibles focos de calcificación y hemorragia. En la ecografía cutánea se observa hiperecogenicidad y avascularización del tejido celular subcutáneo y pueden aparecer sombras acústicas posteriores que se correspondencon calcificaciones. El diagnóstico diferencial clínico se debe realizar con el escleredema neonatorum y la paniculitis postesteroidea, e histológicamente con las paniculitis con formación de cristales. La enfermedad suele ser autolimitada pero pueden aparecer complicaciones como la hipercalcemia, la hipoglucemia, la hipertrigliceridemia, latrombocitopenia y la anemia. Las complicaciones deben ser descartadas y tratadas en el diagnóstico y durante el seguimiento. La complicación másimportante es la hipercalcemia.
Topics: Back; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Neck; Subcutaneous Fat; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 33342185
DOI: No ID Found -
ELife Nov 2021Adaptations of the lower back to bipedalism are frequently discussed but infrequently demonstrated in early fossil hominins. Newly discovered lumbar vertebrae contribute...
Adaptations of the lower back to bipedalism are frequently discussed but infrequently demonstrated in early fossil hominins. Newly discovered lumbar vertebrae contribute to a near-complete lower back of Malapa Hominin 2 (MH2), offering additional insights into posture and locomotion in . We show that MH2 possessed a lower back consistent with lumbar lordosis and other adaptations to bipedalism, including an increase in the width of intervertebral articular facets from the upper to lower lumbar column ('pyramidal configuration'). These results contrast with some recent work on lordosis in fossil hominins, where MH2 was argued to demonstrate no appreciable lordosis ('hypolordosis') similar to Neandertals. Our three-dimensional geometric morphometric (3D GM) analyses show that MH2's nearly complete middle lumbar vertebra is human-like in overall shape but its vertebral body is somewhat intermediate in shape between modern humans and great apes. Additionally, it bears long, cranially and ventrally oriented costal (transverse) processes, implying powerful trunk musculature. We interpret this combination of features to indicate that used its lower back in both bipedal and arboreal positional behaviors, as previously suggested based on multiple lines of evidence from other parts of the skeleton and reconstructed paleobiology of .
Topics: Animals; Back; Female; Fossils; Hominidae; Locomotion; Posture
PubMed: 34812141
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.70447 -
Medical Engineering & Physics Sep 2016Spinal deformities are common in people who require the use of a wheelchair for mobility as a result of spinal cord injuries and other disabilities. Sitting positions...
Spinal deformities are common in people who require the use of a wheelchair for mobility as a result of spinal cord injuries and other disabilities. Sitting positions vary between individuals with disabilities who use wheelchairs and individuals without disabilities. In individuals with spinal cord injury, spinal deformities can result in the development of back contours that deviate from the shape of standard rigid back support shells. The purpose of this study was to distinguish and classify various back contours of wheelchair users by utilizing digital anatomic scanning technology in order to inform the future development of back supports that would enhance postural support for those with spinal deformities. The three dimensional (3D) locations of bony landmarks were digitized when participants were in position, using a mechanical wand linked to the FastScan(tm) system commonly used to measure surface contours. Raw FastScan(tm) data were transformed according to bony landmarks. A total of 129 individuals participated in this study. A wide range of back contours were identified and categorized. Although participant characteristics (e.g., gender, diagnosis) were similar amongst the contour groups; no one characteristic explained the contours. Participants who were seated in a forward lean position had a higher amount of pelvic obliquity compared to those seated in an upright position; however, participants' back contour was not correlated with pelvic obliquity. In conclusion, an array of different back shapes were classified in our cohort through 3D laser scanning technology. The methods and technology applied in this study could be replicated in future studies to categorize ranges of back shapes in larger populations of people with spinal cord injuries. Preliminary evidence indicates that customized postural support may be warranted to optimize positioning and posture when a standard rigid shell does not align with contours of a person's back. To optimize positioning, a range of contoured rigid backrests as well as height and angle adjustability are likely needed.
Topics: Adult; Back; Equipment Design; Female; Humans; Male; Posture; Wheelchairs
PubMed: 27426985
DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2016.06.017 -
Indian Pediatrics Mar 2014
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Back; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Impetigo; Skin; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 24736928
DOI: No ID Found -
Spine Aug 2002A pre- and postintervention randomized, controlled trial was conducted. (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial
STUDY DESIGN
A pre- and postintervention randomized, controlled trial was conducted.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of progressive resistance exercise training using a variable-angle Roman chair on the development of lumbar extensor endurance and strength.
SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA
Progressive resistance exercise for the lumbar extensors has been used successfully for low back pain rehabilitation, but the limitations of currently available back exercise devices have negatively affected its use.
METHODS
For this study, 36 healthy volunteers were randomized into one of two groups: a variable-angle Roman chair exercise group (n = 18) that performed one set of 15 to 25 repetitions of dynamic progressive resistance back extension exercise on a variable-angle Roman chair three times per week for 8 weeks or a control group (n = 18) that did not perform resistance exercise. Before training and after 4 and 8 weeks of training, static back extension endurance (seconds) and isometric lumbar extension strength (Newton.meters) were recorded.
RESULTS
The variable-angle Roman chair exercise group displayed a 42% increase in static back extension endurance at the 4-week and 8-week tests relative to the pretraining measure (P < 0.05). The control group did not increase back endurance time at either the 4-week or 8-week tests (P > 0.05). Neither the variable-angle Roman chair exercise group nor the control group displayed an increase in lumbar extension strength at the 4-week or 8-week tests (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Dynamic progressive resistance exercise training on a variable-angle Roman chair is capable of developing back extension endurance. Future research is needed to determine the clinical applicability of variable-angle Roman chair exercise training for patients with low back pain patients.
Topics: Adult; Back; Equipment and Supplies; Exercise; Female; Humans; Isometric Contraction; Lumbosacral Region; Male; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Skeletal; Physical Endurance; Reference Values
PubMed: 12195070
DOI: 10.1097/00007632-200208150-00016 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... 2017
Topics: Adult; Back; Female; Hemangioma; Hemosiderosis; Humans; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 27647358
DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.190874 -
European Journal of Orthodontics May 2019Since a high prevalence of back anomalies has been reported among subjects with crossbite, the aim was to assess the degree of back symmetry among subjects with...
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES
Since a high prevalence of back anomalies has been reported among subjects with crossbite, the aim was to assess the degree of back symmetry among subjects with (crossbite) and without (control) unilateral functional crossbite during the pre-pubertal growth phase.
METHODS
A group of 70 subjects (36 boys, 34 girls; 6.8 ± 1.2 years) in the primary or mixed dentition phase were included. Clinical assessment of head posture, shoulder, scapula and hip height were performed with the subject standing, and differences between the left and right side greater than 5 mm recorded. Asymmetry of the scapula and trunk prominence greater than 8 mm was recorded along with the prominence of thoracic and lumbar paravertebral musculature during the forward-bending test. Back symmetry was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively on colour deviation maps of superimposed mirrored three-dimensional back scans at a tolerance level of 2 mm.
RESULTS
No significant differences were observed between the groups regarding the frequency of clinically assessed back anomalies. The percentage of back symmetry was slightly lower in the crossbite than that in the control group (71.4 ± 13.3% and 79.2 ± 12.1%, respectively). A significant association (P < 0.05) was seen between scapula plane inclination (OR = 3.41) and scapula prominence inequalities (OR = 3.29) and unilateral functional crossbite, while hip height inequalities (OR = 0.94) were more frequent in the control group. No associations were detected between the side of crossbite and side of prominence of back parameters.
LIMITATIONS
The use of different thresholds for clinical (5-8 mm) and three-dimensional (2 mm) symmetry assessment.
CONCLUSIONS
Although some degree of back asymmetry was detected in the crossbite group during the pre-pubertal growth phase, this asymmetry does not appear to be clinically relevant.
Topics: Back; Child; Dentition, Mixed; Female; Head; Hip; Humans; Male; Malocclusion; Posture; Scapula; Shoulder
PubMed: 30102316
DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjy053 -
British Medical Journal Jun 1951
Topics: Back; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century
PubMed: 14839291
DOI: No ID Found