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Biomolecules Oct 2023In 2020, breast cancer became the most diagnosed cancer worldwide. Conventional chemotherapies have major side effects due to their non-specific activities....
In 2020, breast cancer became the most diagnosed cancer worldwide. Conventional chemotherapies have major side effects due to their non-specific activities. Alternatively, short interfering RNA(siRNA)-carrying nanoparticles (NPs) have a high potential to overcome this non-specificity. Lipid-substituted polyethyleneimine (PEI) polymers (lipopolymers) have been reported as efficient non-viral carriers of siRNA. This study aims to engineer novel siRNA/lipopolymer nanocomplexes by incorporating anionic additives to obtain gene silencing through siRNA activity with minimal nonspecific toxicity. We first optimized our polyplexes in GFP+ MDA-MB-231 cells to effectively silence the GFP gene. Inclusion of phosphate buffer with pH 8.0 as complex preparation media and N-Lauroylsarcosine Sodium Salt as additive, achieved ~80% silencing with the least amount of undesired cytotoxicity, which was persistent for at least 6 days. The survivin gene was then selected as a target in MDA-MB-231 cells since there is no strong drug (i.e., small organic molecule) for inhibition of its oncogenic activity. The qRT-PCR, flow cytometry analysis and MTT assay revealed >80% silencing, ~95% cell uptake and >70% cell killing by the same formulation. We conclude that our lipopolymer can be further investigated as a lead non-viral carrier for breast cancer gene therapy.
Topics: Humans; Female; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Nanomedicine; RNA, Small Interfering; Gene Silencing; RNA, Double-Stranded
PubMed: 37892241
DOI: 10.3390/biom13101559 -
Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland) Apr 2014Neuroendocrine tumours (NET) of the breast are rare. Diagnosis depends on close scrutiny of core- or excisional-biopsy specimens for characteristic growth patterns... (Review)
Review
Neuroendocrine tumours (NET) of the breast are rare. Diagnosis depends on close scrutiny of core- or excisional-biopsy specimens for characteristic growth patterns (papillary, nesting or mixed), which should trigger immunohistochemical staining for neuroendocrine markers (in particular chromogranin and synaptophysin). The diagnosis is confirmed if a) >50% of the tissue specimen demonstrate neuroendocrine markers and b) in-situ ductal carcinoma is identified and/or imaging modalities exclude extra-mammary sites. Our literature search including the non-English literature identified 66 articles with data on 123 cases, including our own. Oestrogen receptors are not diagnostic for NET's of the breast as they are found in tumours of non-mammary origin, too. Half of reported cases of neuroendocrine tumours have axillary lymph node involvement. Breast-conserving surgery (wide local excision ± axillary clearance) is commonly performed for suitable tumours. Chemotherapy regimens utilised are commonly either platinum- (as for small-cell cancers) or anthracycline-based (as for primary breast cancers). Best management remains unknown.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Biomarkers, Tumor; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine; Female; Humans; Neuroendocrine Tumors
PubMed: 24342375
DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2013.11.005 -
European Journal of Obstetrics,... Nov 2017Present article will perform a review regarding the current recommendations of Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in routine follow-up after successfully treated breast... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
OBJECTIVE
Present article will perform a review regarding the current recommendations of Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in routine follow-up after successfully treated breast cancer by surgery, radiation and/or systemic therapy.
METHODS
For this review, a literature review search was done with the MeSH-terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, breast neoplasm, post-operative period and follow-up, according to PRISMA. The literature published between 2006 and 2016 in MedBase, PubMed and Embase was consulted.
RESULTS
The 10 articles and 8 guidelines were analysed for their recommendations regarding MRI use in routine follow-up for breast cancer. One article concluded that MRI could influence further policy, all others did not find superiority of MRI over mammography or were inconclusive. One guideline recommended annual MRI for patients with a positive personal history (PPH) for breast cancer without further risk factors, one guideline offered no MRI to these patients and all other guidelines were inconclusive.
CONCLUSION
There is insufficient evidence regarding superiority of MRI versus mammography in routine follow-up for patients with a PPH of breast cancer. MRI does not improve survival in all patients and should therefore not be offered to patients in follow-up without increased risk for recurrences.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Equivalence Trials as Topic; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mammography; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Postoperative Period; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Risk Factors
PubMed: 28926729
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.09.009 -
Medicine Aug 2021This study aimed to explore clinical significance of core needle biopsy (CNB) in pathological diagnosis of breast neoplasm.Seventy one breast neoplasm samples were...
This study aimed to explore clinical significance of core needle biopsy (CNB) in pathological diagnosis of breast neoplasm.Seventy one breast neoplasm samples were obtained from Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing between the years of 2006 and 2014. Forty five specimens were obtained via CNB and cases offering 26 of them received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Pathology, histology, and immunohistochemistry results were compared between CNB specimens and excisional biopsy.Upward and downward tendencies could be observed in CNB specimens and excisional biopsy, respectively, in all items. Tumor proportion of CNB tissues was (33 + 2)/45 = 77.78%, when ductal carcinoma in situ detected by both CNB and excisional biopsy was 31/45 = 68.89%, with a consistency of (31 + 3)/45 = 75.56%. Tumor thrombus detected by both CNB and excisional biopsy was 2/45 = 4.44%. Among cases receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, CNB and excisional biopsy, in mitotic figure, cytological scoring and histological grading, showed a total change rate of >50% (50%-75%), while changes in duct and cellular heteromorphism were not distinct. Cases showing changes were up to 73.08%, with 8/26 = 30.77% for rise and 11/26 = 42.31% for descent.CNB could be used for preoperative diagnosis of breast neoplasm, and help to determine proper treatment regimen, thus elevating the rate of breast conserving. However, this method still has several limitations, particularly in immunohistochemical tests of human epidermal receptor protein-2. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy may influence the accuracy of CNB diagnosis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Biopsy, Large-Core Needle; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Neoadjuvant Therapy; Neoplasm Staging
PubMed: 34449464
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000026970 -
Women's Health (London, England) Jan 2015
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Cooperative Behavior; Drug Discovery; Female; Humans; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms
PubMed: 25581048
DOI: 10.2217/whe.14.67 -
ANZ Journal of Surgery Dec 2020It has been suggested that Chinese patients with breast cancer present at a younger age compared to the general Australian population, with tumour pathological...
BACKGROUND
It has been suggested that Chinese patients with breast cancer present at a younger age compared to the general Australian population, with tumour pathological characteristics that carry less favourable outcomes. This study was aimed to investigate if a substantial difference in breast cancer subtypes exists between the Australian Chinese population and the general Australian population.
METHODS
All patients with breast cancer treated by two of the authors (consultant breast surgeons) at Eastern Health, Victoria between 2010 and 2016 were identified through the BreastSurgANZ Quality Audit database. Australian Chinese patients were further identified through outpatient records and registration information. Medical histories were examined to obtain patient demographics, tumour characteristics and outcome. Patient and tumour characteristics between the Australian Chinese population were then compared to the general Australian population.
RESULTS
A total of 97 Australian Chinese patients with breast cancer were identified out of 582 patients. Mean age at diagnosis was 56.7 years, approximately 6 years younger than the general Australian population. There was a statistically significant difference in incidence of Luminal A tumours with 25 patients (25.77%) from the Chinese group affected compared to 310 patients (63.92%) from the general group (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in proportions of the other tumour subtypes between the two groups.
CONCLUSION
Australian Chinese breast cancer patients present at a younger age compared to the general Australian population, with a smaller proportion of patients having Luminal A tumours.
Topics: Asian People; Australia; Breast Neoplasms; China; Female; Humans; Incidence
PubMed: 32935473
DOI: 10.1111/ans.16313 -
West African Journal of Medicine Jul 2021Breast fibrosarcoma is an uncommon primary breast neoplasm. We report a case of a 57-year old woman who presented at our facility with a right breast mass having...
Breast fibrosarcoma is an uncommon primary breast neoplasm. We report a case of a 57-year old woman who presented at our facility with a right breast mass having histomorphological and immunohistochemical features consistent with fibrosarcoma. She had simple mastectomy and an uneventful hospital stay. The mass recurred 4-weeks later for which she had supportive care and started on cyclical chemotherapy (Adriamycin, Cyclophosphamide and Dacarbazine). She was referred for haemostatic radiotherapy and her clinic follow-up scheduled.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Female; Fibrosarcoma; Humans; Mastectomy; Middle Aged
PubMed: 34331529
DOI: No ID Found -
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics Sep 2011Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women with increasing incidence. The occurrence of metastatic disease to the breast in both females and males is... (Review)
Review
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women with increasing incidence. The occurrence of metastatic disease to the breast in both females and males is relatively rare, constituting 0.5-6% of all breast malignancies. The therapy of secondary breast cancer is usually completely different from that of primary malignant lesions. Thus, early confirmation of secondary involvement is crucial to direct appropriate and to avoid potentially harmful treatment. The main focus remains to include secondary breast involvement in the differential diagnosis of breast tumours. In recent years, a number of new or improved imaging modalities have been introduced in the diagnosis of breast neoplasm. Current diagnostic concepts of metastatic neoplasm to the breast, including latest imaging modalities and their possible future applications, are presented in this review with special emphasis on possible pitfalls.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms, Male; Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic Imaging; Female; Humans; Male
PubMed: 21505860
DOI: 10.1007/s00404-011-1904-z -
Critical Reviews in Oncology/hematology Feb 2012Survival after breast cancer is determined by disease related factors such as stage at diagnosis, patient characteristics, e.g., age, and treatment. (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Survival after breast cancer is determined by disease related factors such as stage at diagnosis, patient characteristics, e.g., age, and treatment.
AIM
To review evidence published during the last ten years on the effect of comorbidity on survival after early breast cancer.
METHODS
A search in Pubmed with keywords, breast neoplasm, comorbidity, and survival, was performed. A total of 18 studies published between 2000 and August 2010 was included in this review.
RESULTS
All 18 studies demonstrated that comorbidity had a significant impact on survival after breast cancer with poorer survival among patients with one or more comorbid conditions. The effect of comorbidity persisted after adjustment for age at diagnosis and stage of disease. Older patients with comorbidity were less likely to receive therapy according to guidelines.
CONCLUSION
Presence of comorbidity at diagnosis is an important prognostic factor in early breast cancer, irrespective of age and stage of disease.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Comorbidity; Female; Humans; Survival Rate
PubMed: 21536452
DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2011.03.001 -
Patient Education and Counseling Mar 2022The aim of this scoping review is to provide an overview of the existing research that investigates the lived experience during the peri-diagnostic period of breast... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this scoping review is to provide an overview of the existing research that investigates the lived experience during the peri-diagnostic period of breast cancer.
METHODS
Nine databases were searched for relevant literature between January 2007 and April 2019. Data were extracted and categorized using deductive and inductive approaches.
RESULTS
A majority of the 66 studies included used qualitative methods to retrospectively explore the treatment decision making process of female breast cancer patients. Patients experienced uncertainty, emotional distress, and a need for more information from providers and relied on social support and family guidance during this period.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this review show that the burdens experienced during the peri-diagnostic period parallel those in later periods of cancer care. However, these burdens are prompted by different circumstances. More research is needed to explore the lived experience during this period through the use of mixed-methods and by recruiting a diverse sample with regards to role in the breast cancer experience, age, gender, race, and ethnicity.
PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS
Interventions positioned at earlier points in the breast cancer experience should provide informational support, which could be delivered through shared decision making models. Additional support could be facilitated by patient navigation programs and health information technology.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Retrospective Studies; Social Support; Uncertainty
PubMed: 34210570
DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2021.06.017