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Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni... 2014The article reviews current publications on the epidemiology, psychopathology, diagnostic criteria and comorbidity of most frequently encountered in the practice anxiety... (Review)
Review
The article reviews current publications on the epidemiology, psychopathology, diagnostic criteria and comorbidity of most frequently encountered in the practice anxiety disorders: generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder. Special attention is paid to the pharmacotherapy of anxiety disorders in the aspect of efficacy of main classes of drugs, including buspirone. The results of clinical trials of buspirone are presented.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Buspirone; Comorbidity; Humans; Panic Disorder; Phobic Disorders
PubMed: 25389538
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology
Topics: Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Buspirone; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Humans; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Somnambulism
PubMed: 34928565
DOI: 10.1097/JCP.0000000000001476 -
Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology Jun 1990Preclinical neurochemical studies indicate that buspirone and gepirone bind selectively to presynaptic (dorsal raphe) and postsynaptic (hippocampus, cortex)... (Review)
Review
Preclinical neurochemical studies indicate that buspirone and gepirone bind selectively to presynaptic (dorsal raphe) and postsynaptic (hippocampus, cortex) 5-hydroxytryptamine1A (5-HT1A) receptor binding sites. Furthermore, in functional neurochemical and electrophysiologic receptor studies, azapirones in general display partial agonist activity at postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors linked negatively to adenyl cyclase and appear to demonstrate a similar profile on hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons sensitive to the effects of 5-HT. Through their action at presynaptic 5-HT1A receptors, these agents have been shown to dose-dependently inhibit cortical and hippocampal 5-HT synthesis while inhibiting the firing of 5-HT--containing dorsal raphe neurons, both in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that the efficacy seen in clinical trials of anxiety and depression may be related to buspirone's and gepirone's complex interaction with presynaptic and postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors, which initiate long-term changes in central 5-HT neurotransmission.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Arousal; Brain; Buspirone; Hippocampus; Humans; Membrane Potentials; Pyrimidines; Raphe Nuclei; Receptors, Serotonin; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission
PubMed: 1973941
DOI: 10.1097/00004714-199006001-00003 -
Current Medical Research and Opinion 1989Pooled data were analyzed for 367 female patients enrolled in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-centre trial comparing buspirone, a non-benzodiazepine... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial Review
Pooled data were analyzed for 367 female patients enrolled in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-centre trial comparing buspirone, a non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic, and diazepam in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. After a 4 to 7-day wash-out period, patients were allocated at random to receive one or other of the trial medications or placebo over a 4-week period. Mean daily dosages were 24.5 mg for buspirone and 20.8 mg for diazepam (range 10 mg to 60 mg for both drugs). Patients were assessed on entry and at weekly intervals using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and at the end of treatment both patients and physicians gave an overall opinion of response to treatment. Details of adverse events were also recorded. The results showed that both buspirone and diazepam were approximately equal in efficacy and superior to placebo. Menstruation and the occurrence of premenstrual tension did not alter the anxiolytic activity of either drug. Patients taking diazepam had significantly more adverse effects, i.e. drowsiness, weakness, fatigue, inco-ordination and depression, than did those in the buspirone group. In a separate commentary, the anxiety disorder and the data from the study are reviewed to place them in the overall perspective of gynaecological care.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anxiety Disorders; Buspirone; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Middle Aged
PubMed: 2649317
DOI: 10.1185/03007998909115213 -
La Revue de Medecine Interne 1988Buspirone is a new anxiolytic agent with an original chemical structure. Its activity in doses of 15 to 30 mg per day has been demonstrated in patients presenting with... (Review)
Review
Buspirone is a new anxiolytic agent with an original chemical structure. Its activity in doses of 15 to 30 mg per day has been demonstrated in patients presenting with manifestations of generalized anxiety. Its mode of action is still imperfectly known; in animals, it influences several neuromediator systems but does not act on benzodiazepine receptors. Its main pharmacokinetic features are: complete absorption when given orally, short half-life (4 to 8 h), reduced plasma clearance in patients with hepatic cirrhosis or renal impairment and no major interaction with most of the other psychotropic drugs. Controlled clinical studies have provided evidence of its anxiolytic properties; against anxiety symptoms buspirone has proved more effective than placebo and as effective as several reference benzodiazepine derivatives, with a lesser incidence of sedative effects. However, it is not effective in the treatment of benzodiazepine withdrawal. Gastrointestinal disorders and moderate headache have been reported in less than 10 p. 100 of the patients treated. Administered acutely, buspirone does not seem to alter cognitive mechanisms. Unlike benzodiazepines, it does not potentiate the effects of alcohol and does not lead to drug-dependence. Its usefulness in panic disorders, anxious-depressive states and obsessional symptoms remains to be determined.
Topics: Animals; Buspirone; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Humans
PubMed: 3285427
DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(88)80051-1 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Nov 1992The pharmacological management of anxiety in children primarily has used antidepressants, such as imipramine. Buspirone, an atypical anxiolytic, has been shown to be of...
The pharmacological management of anxiety in children primarily has used antidepressants, such as imipramine. Buspirone, an atypical anxiolytic, has been shown to be of benefit in both adults and children. It has relatively few side effects and is generally well tolerated. Two cases are reported here involving children treated for anxiety with buspirone who subsequently suffered a possible psychotic deterioration.
Topics: Anxiety Disorders; Buspirone; Child; Child Abuse; Child of Impaired Parents; Female; Foster Home Care; Humans; Male; Mental Status Schedule; Parent-Child Relations
PubMed: 1429411
DOI: 10.1097/00004583-199211000-00017 -
The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry Apr 1998The current study was designed to assess the safety and efficacy of imipramine and buspirone in the treatment of major depression in elderly depressed attendees of... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
The current study was designed to assess the safety and efficacy of imipramine and buspirone in the treatment of major depression in elderly depressed attendees of primary care practices.
METHOD
177 patients aged 65 and over (mean age = 72 years; range, 65-89) who met DSM-III-R criteria of unipolar major depression with a minimum Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression score of 18 were randomly assigned to 8 weeks of double-blind, placebo-controlled treatment with flexible doses of either imipramine or buspirone.
RESULTS
Moderate to marked global improvement after 8 weeks of treatment (LOCF analysis) occurred in 70% of patients treated with imipramine, 61% of patients treated with buspirone, and 42% of patients treated with placebo (chi2 = 9.1, df = 2, p < .02). Drug treatment was well tolerated, with 77% of imipramine- and 61% of buspirone-treated patients completing 8 weeks of therapy. Imipramine/placebo differences were present from week 2 on, but buspirone/placebo differences occurred only at week 8. The presence of comorbid medical illness or concomitant use of nonpsychiatric prescription medications was not associated with poorer antidepressant response, increased adverse effects, or study attrition.
CONCLUSION
Imipramine and to a lesser extent buspirone were found to be effective and well tolerated in the treatment of elderly depressed outpatients.
Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Buspirone; Depressive Disorder; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Geriatric Assessment; Humans; Imipramine; Male; Placebos; Primary Health Care; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 9590668
DOI: 10.4088/jcp.v59n0406 -
South African Medical Journal =... Nov 1988Buspirone (Buspar; Bristol) marks a departure from established concepts of anxiolysis. Differing substantially both in its mode of action and in the clinical expression... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
Buspirone (Buspar; Bristol) marks a departure from established concepts of anxiolysis. Differing substantially both in its mode of action and in the clinical expression of its action from agents such as barbiturates and benzodiazepines, it would seem to operate chiefly via the 5-HT1A subtype of serotonin receptor. Such receptor selectivity is likely to be responsible for the novel action of this anxiolytic in that sedation and psychomotor and cognitive dysfunction are minimal, and because dependence is unlikely. The slower onset of full therapeutic benefit further delineates the differences between buspirone and other anxiolytics. However, it is apparent that the benzodiazepines will not readily be displaced from all of their varied applications by buspirone. This review examines buspirone and provides some guidelines for its use.
Topics: Benzodiazepines; Buspirone; Humans
PubMed: 3055361
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Autism and Developmental... Feb 2020Co-morbid anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), are highly prevalent among individuals with Williams syndrome (WS). However, reports of the...
Co-morbid anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), are highly prevalent among individuals with Williams syndrome (WS). However, reports of the pharmacologic treatment of only a limited number of previous anxiety disorders in WS have appeared in the literature. Here, we review the case histories of three adolescents/young adults with WS and the treatment course of co-morbid GAD with buspirone. Treatment with buspirone was well-tolerated and resulted in sustained response in all three cases. Common medical disorders in WS are highlighted with regards to safe and appropriate pharmacologic treatment of GAD. Buspirone's generally benign side effect profile is a major benefit of its use for treating GAD in individuals with WS.
Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Buspirone; Comorbidity; Female; Humans; Williams Syndrome; Young Adult
PubMed: 31724120
DOI: 10.1007/s10803-019-04301-9 -
AAPS PharmSciTech Mar 2019Nasal nanovesicular gels of buspirone hydrochloride (BH) were prepared and characterized aiming for sustained delivery and enhancing bioavailability. Buspirone...
Nasal nanovesicular gels of buspirone hydrochloride (BH) were prepared and characterized aiming for sustained delivery and enhancing bioavailability. Buspirone hydrochloride has low bioavailability of about 4% after oral administration due to first pass metabolism. Buspirone hydrochloride nanovesicles were formulated by thin film hydration method (TFH). The selected nanovesicular formulation was incorporated into two types of in situ gels (pH-induced and thermoreversible) using carbopol 974P and poloxamer 407 (P407), respectively, together with different mucoadhesive polymers. The in situ gels were examined for pH, gelling capability, viscosity, content uniformity, mucoadhesiveness, and in vitro drug release. The ex vivo permeation performance of the in situ gel formulations that showed the most sustained release was also assessed. The in vivo study was done by the determination of BH blood level in albino rabbits after nasal administration. Results revealed that nanovesicles prepared using Span 60 and cholesterol in a ratio of 80:20 showed the highest EE% (70.57 ± 1.00%). The ex vivo permeation data confirmed higher permeability figures for carbopol formulation in comparison to poloxamer formulations. The in vivo study data showed an increase of 3.26 times in BH bioavailability when formulated into the carbopol nanovesicular in situ gel relative to control (nasal drug solution).
Topics: Acrylates; Administration, Intranasal; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Biological Availability; Buspirone; Drug Delivery Systems; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nanoparticles; Nasal Mucosa; Permeability; Poloxamer; Rabbits; Sheep; Viscosity
PubMed: 30830481
DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1211-0