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The New England Journal of Medicine Aug 2018
Topics: Acute Disease; Dacryocystitis; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Nasolacrimal Duct; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 30067930
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMicm1713250 -
Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive... 2015To review and summarize the symptomatology, microbiology, special clinical entities, management, complications, and outcomes of pediatric acute dacryocystitis. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
To review and summarize the symptomatology, microbiology, special clinical entities, management, complications, and outcomes of pediatric acute dacryocystitis.
METHODS
The author performed a PubMed search of all articles published in English on acute dacryocystitis. Pediatric subpopulations of these articles were reviewed along with the scant literature of direct references to neonatal and pediatric acute dacryocystitis. Data reviewed included demographics, presentations, microbiological work up, management, complications, and outcomes.
RESULTS
Acute dacryocystitis is not very common in the pediatric age groups and occurs mostly as a complication of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. The age of onset is usually in the neonatal period with a female preponderance. The clinical spectrum ranges from classic pediatric acute dacryocystitis to meningitis. Staphylococcus aureus is the commonest isolate. Occasionally acquired etiologies and rare organisms like Pantoea sp., Epstein-Barr Virus, and Sporothrix are implicated in the etiopathogenesis. The diagnosis is usually clinical aided by laboratory investigations. Better antibiotics, well-established laboratory techniques and surgical modalities, and improved patient care logistics have contributed to good outcomes; however, complications are still being noted although infrequently.
CONCLUSIONS
Pediatric acute dacryocystitis is a distinct entity with unique features of its own. It is a serious infection that warrants careful evaluation and immediate management. In the era of antibiotic resistance, microbiological work up of Pediatric acute dacryocystitis is very useful for subsequent treatment. Surgical challenges in the pediatric age group are distinct and the outcomes are good if standard protocols are followed.
Topics: Acute Disease; Child; Child, Preschool; Dacryocystitis; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Lacrimal Duct Obstruction; Nasolacrimal Duct
PubMed: 25856337
DOI: 10.1097/IOP.0000000000000472 -
Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia 2022Acute dacryocystitis retention (ADR) is an unusual entity that contributes to an incorrect diagnosis and treatment. We describe a case of acute dacryocystitis retention... (Review)
Review
Acute dacryocystitis retention (ADR) is an unusual entity that contributes to an incorrect diagnosis and treatment. We describe a case of acute dacryocystitis retention occurring in a 61-year-old diabetic male who presented with severe pain, swelling, and inflammatory signs above the left medial canthal ligament tendon. He had no previous history of epiphora. Computed tomography scan indicated acute dacryocystitis. Clinical treatment resulted in complete resolution of the condition. Syringing one month after the acute episode indicated a patent lacrimal excretory system. The temporary obstruction that evolved to an acute dacryocystitis retention was probably secondary to nasal alteration or supposed dacryoliths. Timely, conservative clinical treatment can lead to complete resolution of acute dacryocystitis retention with no further treatments.
Topics: Dacryocystitis; Dacryocystorhinostomy; Humans; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases; Lacrimal Duct Obstruction; Male; Middle Aged; Nasolacrimal Duct; Nose; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 34586245
DOI: 10.5935/0004-2749.20220044 -
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine Jul 2020
Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dacryocystitis; Diagnosis, Differential; Drainage; Female; Humans; Medical Illustration; Middle Aged; Nasal Surgical Procedures
PubMed: 32737045
DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.87a.19121 -
BMC Ophthalmology Jan 2021To investigate the microbiologic spectrum of dacryocystitis in adult and pediatric groups, specifically the microbiologic differences between chronic dacryocystitis with...
BACKGROUND
To investigate the microbiologic spectrum of dacryocystitis in adult and pediatric groups, specifically the microbiologic differences between chronic dacryocystitis with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) and acute dacryocystitis in pediatric group.
METHODS
This retrospective study was reviewed for demographic and microbiologic profile of dacryocystitis. The culture results were reported.
RESULTS
Sixty-four adults and one hundred and five pediatrics with dacryocystitis were included in this study. Of all adults, only chronic dacryocystitis with NLDO was observed. Of all pediatric patients, 89 had chronic dacryocystitis with NLDO and 16 had acute dacryocystitis. Gram positive and negative isolates were numerically equal in adult group (both 36(48.65%)), while gram positive isolates were the major organism in pediatric group (71(58.68%)). Streptococcus pneumonia was the most common isolate in both adult (11(14.86%)) and pediatric (30(24.79%)) dacryocystitis. For both pediatric subgroups, gram positive isolates were the major organism (59(57.84%) for chronic dacryocystitis with NLDO and 12 (63.16%) for acute dacryocystitis). However, the leading isolates in those two subgroups were distinct, with Streptococcus pneumonia (29(28.43%)) being most common in chronic dacryocystitis with NLDO and Staphylococcus aureus (8(42.11%)) being most common in acute dacryocystitis.
CONCLUSIONS
In adult group, gram negative isolates were more common in dacryocystitis than before. In pediatric group, gram positive isolates were still the major infection pathogen. Moreover, the more virulent organisms were more common in acute dacryocystitis than chronic dacryocystitis with NLDO.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child; Dacryocystitis; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Female; Humans; Lacrimal Duct Obstruction; Male; Nasolacrimal Duct; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 33430825
DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-01792-4 -
The Journal of Craniofacial SurgerySeptorhinoplasty is a surgical procedure frequently performed by surgeons dealing with facial aesthetic surgery and includes various risks. All surgical procedures have...
Septorhinoplasty is a surgical procedure frequently performed by surgeons dealing with facial aesthetic surgery and includes various risks. All surgical procedures have an increased risk of complications. Complication rate of nasal surgeries is approximately 4% to 19%. Although rhinoplasty is a nonsterile procedure, infections occur in less than 2% of all cases. This rate may decrease as the surgeon gains experience. Lacrimal ducts can be injured during nasal aesthetic surgery due to its anatomical structure. In addition to minor and temporary injuries, major injuries requiring surgical intervention may also occur. Most injuries to the lacrimal system remain asymptomatic. Postrhinoplasty dacryocystitis usually occurs secondary to soft-tissue edema that compresses the lacrimal system and typically resolves within 1 to 2 weeks. After reviewing the literature and examining possible traumatic mechanisms, we recommend that the infections in the lacrimal system should be treated with medical therapy before performing surgical interventions such as dacryocystorhinostomy and abscess drainage. Knowing the complications of surgical interventions before the study and administering some basic principles before and after surgery are highly essential. In this study, we present a relatively rare complication of septorhinoplasty known as acute postoperative dacryocystitis, which is mostly encountered in the early postoperative period.
Topics: Dacryocystitis; Dacryocystorhinostomy; Esthetics, Dental; Humans; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases; Rhinoplasty
PubMed: 34267146
DOI: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000007953 -
American Journal of Ophthalmology Sep 2022
Topics: Dacryocystitis; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis; Humans; Orbital Diseases
PubMed: 35752318
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2022.06.003 -
AORN Journal Aug 1997Dacryocystitis is a common infection of the lacrimal sac. In adults, dacryocystitis results from an obstruction (ie, dacryostenosis) of the nasolacrimal duct.... (Review)
Review
Dacryocystitis is a common infection of the lacrimal sac. In adults, dacryocystitis results from an obstruction (ie, dacryostenosis) of the nasolacrimal duct. Dacryocystitis can be either an acute or chronic infection, and both forms usually are unilateral in nature. The hallmark symptom of both forms of dacryocystitis is epiphora (ie, excessive tearing). An obstruction of the lacrimal duct also can cause dacryocystitis. This article discusses the surgical treatment of dacryocystitis and provides a case study that illustrates perioperative nursing care of a patient who required surgical treatment of this lacrimal duct disorder.
Topics: Adult; Dacryocystitis; Dacryocystorhinostomy; Female; Humans; Lacrimal Apparatus; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases; Perioperative Nursing; Tears
PubMed: 9513697
DOI: 10.1016/s0001-2092(06)62795-6 -
Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive...A 91-year-old female with a history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia developed recurrent bouts of bilateral dacryocystitis. She underwent incision and drainage of the... (Review)
Review
A 91-year-old female with a history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia developed recurrent bouts of bilateral dacryocystitis. She underwent incision and drainage of the lacrimal sac with culture demonstrating the rare bacteria Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. She underwent subsequent dacryocystectomy with biopsy revealing bilateral involvement of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the lacrimal sac. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia has been associated with immune suppression and is rarely seen in dacryocystitis. Local and/or systemic immune deregulation or suppression may play a role in lacrimal sac infection with this bacterium in some patients.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Dacryocystitis; Dacryocystorhinostomy; Female; Humans; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell; Nasolacrimal Duct; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
PubMed: 33782323
DOI: 10.1097/IOP.0000000000001925 -
Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Aug 2023A 61-year-old man with no significant past medical history presented to a quaternary ophthalmic referral center with acute right-sided medial canthal pain, periorbital... (Review)
Review
A 61-year-old man with no significant past medical history presented to a quaternary ophthalmic referral center with acute right-sided medial canthal pain, periorbital edema, and erythema despite oral antibiotic therapy. CT imaging confirmed the presence of right preseptal cellulitis and lacrimal sac aspiration identified . A diagnosis of acute right-sided dacryocystitis with preseptal cellulitis was made. He was successfully treated with broadening of antibiotic therapy to intravenous meropenem. Symptomatic resolution was noted on follow-up without evidence of disease recurrence. This unusual case of dacryocystitis and preseptal cellulitis highlights the increasing prevalence and challenges of treating these uncommon organisms.
Topics: Male; Humans; Middle Aged; Cellulitis; Enterobacter cloacae; Dacryocystitis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Lacrimal Apparatus; Eyelid Diseases
PubMed: 35075984
DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2022.2026417