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Clinics in Plastic Surgery Oct 1994This article reviews the current information available on the etiopathogenesis of craniofacial anomalies with a particular emphasis on craniosynostosis. The incidence of... (Review)
Review
This article reviews the current information available on the etiopathogenesis of craniofacial anomalies with a particular emphasis on craniosynostosis. The incidence of various types of craniosynostosis is presented, along with an overview of the causes of malformations and deformations. The basic development of cranial sutures and fusion is explored as a background for the exploration of advances in genetic and molecular biology. This information lays the foundation for our understanding of craniofacial deformities and their response to surgical treatment described in the the other articles of this issue.
Topics: Congenital Abnormalities; Cranial Sutures; Craniosynostoses; Facial Bones; Humans; Skull
PubMed: 7813149
DOI: No ID Found -
Developmental Medicine and Child... Jun 1976The asymmetrical deformities in 20 children with various types of cerebral palsy are compared with 20 children without cerebral palsy who have the so-called 'squint'...
The asymmetrical deformities in 20 children with various types of cerebral palsy are compared with 20 children without cerebral palsy who have the so-called 'squint' baby syndrome (asymmetrical deformities of plagiocephaly, unilateral bat ear, facial and thoracic asymmetry, pelvic obliquity and apparent shortening of one leg). It is suggested that the 'squint' baby syndrome and the 'windswept' child syndrome in children with cerebral palsy are stages of the same syndrome and that in both the deformities are caused by the effect of gravity on an immobile growing child, rather than spasticity or muscle imbalance. Asymmetrical deformity should therefore be amenable to physiotherapeutic intervention, rather than trying to modify maturation of the damaged brain. As the 'windswept' cerebralpalsied child can develop some of the most severe deformities seen in cerebral palsy, it is important that asymmetrical deformities should be prevented.
Topics: Cerebral Palsy; Child, Preschool; Congenital Abnormalities; Ear, External; Head; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Posture
PubMed: 939345
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1976.tb03652.x -
Current Problems in Surgery Jun 1996
Review
Topics: Congenital Abnormalities; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Risk Factors; Survival Rate; Thorax; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 8641129
DOI: 10.1016/s0011-3840(96)80005-0 -
Physiotherapy Nov 1949
Topics: Congenital Abnormalities; Humans
PubMed: 15399436
DOI: No ID Found -
Proceedings of the Royal Society of... Dec 1946
Topics: Congenital Abnormalities; Decompression, Surgical; Humans; Klippel-Feil Syndrome; Median Nerve; Neck; Neuritis; Scapula; Shoulder; Shoulder Joint
PubMed: 19993454
DOI: No ID Found -
Developmental Medicine and Child... Aug 1964
Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Bone Diseases; Congenital Abnormalities; Conjunctiva; Ear Deformities, Acquired; Ear, External; Eye Diseases; Eyelids; Heart Defects, Congenital; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Macrostomia; Spinal Diseases
PubMed: 14210665
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1964.tb08144.x -
Public Health Mar 1949
Topics: Cerebral Palsy; Congenital Abnormalities; Humans; Paralysis
PubMed: 18114605
DOI: 10.1016/s0033-3506(48)80140-x -
The Annals of Otology, Rhinology &... 1978Septal deformity is of two kinds, which may occur independently, or together: 1) anterior cartilage deformity of the quadrilateral septal cartilage, caused by direct...
Septal deformity is of two kinds, which may occur independently, or together: 1) anterior cartilage deformity of the quadrilateral septal cartilage, caused by direct trauma or pressure at any age; and 2) combined septal deformity involving all the septal components, caused by compression across the maxilla from pressures occurring during pregnancy or parturition. This is part of a facial deformity. The incidence of septal deformity was investigated in 2,380 Caucasian infants at birth, 2,112 adult skulls of five ethnic groups (European, Indian [Asian], Chinese, African and Australian Aborignal), 918 mammals (266 higher and lower apes, 457 other placental mammals and 185 marsupials). The method of nasal testing of infants by passage of special testing struts (6 by 2 mm) is described. Forty-two percent of septa of infants were straight, 27% deviated and 31% kinked. A similar pattern was found in adult skulls, namely 21% straight, 37% deviated and 42% kinked. Anterior cartilage deformity occurred in about 4% of births. The maxillary molding theory of transmitted pressures during pregnancy or partitution, causing septal deformity, is described. The findings show that varying degrees of septal deformity occur at a constant rate at birth and in the adult. These may vary slightly for each ethnic type. Birth molding pressures are a major cause of dental malocclusion. The shape and strength of the skull and the erect posture appear to be major factors, for septal deformity did not occur in the lower animals, but occurred in 37% of the higher apes and also in a skull of a hominid 1,750,000 years old. This concept enables easy recognition at birth, and the carrying out of a rational method of treatment by manipulation and rapid maxillary expansion.
Topics: Adult; Asian People; Birth Injuries; Black People; Child, Preschool; Congenital Abnormalities; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Nasal Septum; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander; Nose Deformities, Acquired; Racial Groups; White People
PubMed: 99070
DOI: 10.1177/00034894780873s201 -
Acta Medica Croatica : Casopis... 1998A case of Sprengel's deformity (congenital elevation of the scapula) in a 4-year-old boy, with a major cosmetic defect and compromised shoulder function, especially on...
A case of Sprengel's deformity (congenital elevation of the scapula) in a 4-year-old boy, with a major cosmetic defect and compromised shoulder function, especially on abduction, is presented. The boy was operated on by Green's technique, with excellent cosmetic and functional result. Although Woorward's operative technique has generally been preferred in the treatment for Sprengel's deformity, the result obtained showed Green's procedure to be a satisfactory choice in this patient.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Congenital Abnormalities; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Scapula
PubMed: 9599820
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine :... Dec 2005Three hand-raised American flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber ruber) chicks and one hand-raised Chilean flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber chilensis) developed valgus angular...
Three hand-raised American flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber ruber) chicks and one hand-raised Chilean flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber chilensis) developed valgus angular limb deformities of the proximal tarsometatarsal bone. All flamingos underwent surgical correction to unequally retard the growth plate using transphyseal bridging. Positive profile pins were placed in the proximal epiphysis and distal to the growth plate in the metaphysis on the convex side of the affected tarsometatarsus. Various banding techniques were used in each flamingo to create tension. Three of the four flamingos responded in 7-14 days with correction or slight overcorrection of the valgus limb deformity. The fourth flamingo's leg deformity did not improve for reasons thought to be related to improper implant placement. Growth plate retardation by transphyseal bridging proved successful in correcting valgus limb deformity of the proximal tarsometatarsus. This technique may be considered as an option for correction of angular limb deformities of the proximal tarsometatarsus in flamingos less than 90-120 days of age.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Wild; Bird Diseases; Birds; Congenital Abnormalities; Extremities; Limb Deformities, Congenital; Species Specificity; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 17312728
DOI: 10.1638/04090.1