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The Journal of Contemporary Dental... Aug 2023The present systematic review aimed to report the studies concerning the primers in improving bond strength and identifying pertinent primers for a particular dental... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
AIM
The present systematic review aimed to report the studies concerning the primers in improving bond strength and identifying pertinent primers for a particular dental alloy by adhering to PRISMA precepts.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
PubMed and Semantic Scholar databases were scoured for articles using 10 search terms. studies satisfying the inclusion criteria were probed which were meticulously screened and scrutinized for eligibility adhering to the 11 exclusion criteria. The quality assessment tool for studies (QUIN Tool) containing 12 criteria was employed to assess the risk of bias (RoB).
RESULTS
A total of 48 studies assessing shear bond strength (SBS) and 15 studies evaluating tensile bond strength (TBS) were included in the qualitative synthesis. Concerning SBS, 33.4% moderate and 66.6% high RoB was observed. Concerning TBS, 26.8% moderate and 73.2% high RoB was discerned. Seventeen and two studies assessing SBS and TBS, respectively, were included in meta-analyses.
CONCLUSIONS
Shear bond strength and TBS increased for the primed alloys. Cyclic disulfide primer is best-suited for noble alloys when compared with thiol/thione primers. Phosphoric acid- and phosphonic acid ester-based primers are opportune for base alloys.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The alloy-resin interface (ARI) would fail if an inappropriate primer was selected. Therefore, the selection of an appropriate alloy adhesive primer for an alloy plays a crucial role in prosthetic success. This systematic review would help in the identification and selection of a congruous primer for a selected alloy.
Topics: Databases, Factual; Dental Alloys; Disulfides; Thiones; Dental Cements
PubMed: 38193174
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3514 -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Aug 2015Dental alloy manufacturers advise against the reuse of previously melted alloy. However, for economic reasons, dental laboratories often reuse the casting surplus (sprue... (Review)
Review
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Dental alloy manufacturers advise against the reuse of previously melted alloy. However, for economic reasons, dental laboratories often reuse the casting surplus (sprue and metal remaining in the crucible former). Such reuse remains a controversial topic in dental practice.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the effects of remelting dental alloys by evaluating the following parameters: reasons for recasting and associated processes, feasible number of recastings, treatment of alloys before recasting and its effects on cytotoxicity, color of opaque porcelain, castability of alloys, marginal accuracy, mechanical properties, porcelain-metal interfaces, and corrosion.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The systematic review included all studies on dental alloy recasting. MEDLINE, Dentistry and Oral Science Source, Science Direct, and ISI Web of Science were searched (up to July 2014). Data were extracted and the quality of studies was assessed.
RESULTS
Thirty-four studies published between 1983 and 2014 were included. The number of recastings ranged from 1 to 10. The percentage of new alloy ranged from 0 to 100 wt%, although the mean value was 50 wt%.
CONCLUSIONS
Evidence for the feasibility of adding 50% new metal at each recasting is limited. The number of recastings should be limited to a maximum of 4. No general test protocol can be deduced from these studies, which limits the comparison and exploitation of data. Furthermore, no consensus protocol exists for the evaluation of recasting. Future studies should work toward establishing a standard protocol.
Topics: Color; Corrosion; Dental Alloys; Dental Casting Technique; Dental Porcelain; Equipment Reuse; Humans; Materials Testing; Mechanical Phenomena; Metal Ceramic Alloys; Surface Properties
PubMed: 25935082
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2015.02.004 -
Dental Clinics of North America Apr 2004Although the role of dental casting alloys has changed in recent years with the development of improved all-ceramic materials and resin-based composites, alloys will... (Review)
Review
Although the role of dental casting alloys has changed in recent years with the development of improved all-ceramic materials and resin-based composites, alloys will likely continue to be critical assets in the treatment of missing and severely damaged teeth. Alloy shave physical, chemical, and biologic properties that exceed other classes of materials. The selection of the appropriate dental casting alloy is paramount to the long-term success of dental prostheses,and the selection process has become complex with the development of many new alloys. However, this selection process is manageable if the practitioner focuses on the appropriate physical and biologic properties, such as tensile strength, modulus of elasticity,corrosion, and biocompatibility, and avoids dwelling on the less important properties of alloy color and short-term cost. The appropriate selection of an alloy helps to ensure a longer-lasting restoration and better oral health for the patient.
Topics: Biocompatible Materials; Dental Alloys; Dental Casting Investment; Dental Prosthesis Design; Elasticity; Humans; Metal Ceramic Alloys; Tensile Strength
PubMed: 15172613
DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2003.12.010 -
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of... Oct 2023The present work describes green-mediated copper oxide nanoparticles as a potential corrosion inhibitor for the dental alloy Ti-6Al-4V. The salt of copper was reduced to...
The present work describes green-mediated copper oxide nanoparticles as a potential corrosion inhibitor for the dental alloy Ti-6Al-4V. The salt of copper was reduced to metal nanoparticles using Murraya koenigii leaves, which helps with the agglomeration and nanocluster formation through a reduction mechanism. The current synthesis is a single-step process and is cost-effective. The synthesized nanoparticle was characterized using UV, FTIR, XRD, Zeta potential and Particle size analyzer, SEM, and EDX. The particles were then electrodeposited on Ti-6Al-4V alloy, and the corrosion resistivity in the dental medium was analyzed using Electrochemical parameters such as Corrosion current, Corrosion potential, and anodic and cathodic intercepts through the Tafel and Nyquist plots. The synthesized nanoparticles showed characteristic absorbance at 359 nm. FTIR peaks confirm the phytochemical constituents present in the Murraya koenigii that accounts for the formation of nanoparticles. The XRD predicts the crystalline nature, which is further studied using SEM and EDX. The Zeta potential and Particle size analyzer confirms the negative-negative interactive nature of the synthesized CuO NPs. The NPs showed explicit corrosion inhibition properties with an overall inhibition efficiency of 58.15% and 25.6%, respectively. The study confirms the advantage of using Copper Oxide nanoparticles as a potential coating agent in dental implant alloys in increasing its corrosion efficiency.
Topics: Corrosion; Copper; Murraya; Metal Nanoparticles; Alloys; Dental Alloys; Oxides
PubMed: 37643540
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106080 -
Lasers in Medical Science Aug 2017In the application of lasers in dentistry, there is a delicate balance between the benefits gained from laser treatment and the heat-related damage arising from laser...
In the application of lasers in dentistry, there is a delicate balance between the benefits gained from laser treatment and the heat-related damage arising from laser irradiation. Hence, it is necessary to understand the different processes associated with the irradiation of lasers on dental materials. To obtain insight for the development of a safe and general-purpose laser for dentistry, the present study examines the physical effects associated with the irradiation of a near-infrared free-electron laser (FEL) on the surface of a commonly used silver dental alloy. The irradiation experiments using a 2900-nm FEL confirmed the formation of a pit in the dental alloy. The pit was formed with one macro-pulse of FEL irradiation, therefore, suggesting the possibility of efficient material processing with an FEL. Additionally, there was only a slight increase in the silver alloy temperature (less than 0.9 °C) despite the long duration of FEL irradiation, thus inferring that fixed prostheses in the oral cavity can be processed by FEL without thermal damage to the surrounding tissue. These results indicate that dental hard tissues and dental materials in the oral cavity can be safely and efficiently processed by the irradiation of a laser, which has the high repetition rate of a femtosecond laser pulse with a wavelength around 2900 nm.
Topics: Dental Alloys; Electrons; Infrared Rays; Lasers; Silver; Temperature; Time Factors; X-Ray Diffraction
PubMed: 28616700
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2251-5 -
Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi =... Oct 2004There is a very complicated electrolytical environment in oral cavity with plenty of microorganisms existing there. Various forms of corrosion would develop when... (Review)
Review
There is a very complicated electrolytical environment in oral cavity with plenty of microorganisms existing there. Various forms of corrosion would develop when metallic prosthesis functions in mouth. One important corrosive form is microbial corrosion. The metabolic products, including organic acid and inorganic acid, will affect the pH of the surface or interface of metallic prosthesis and make a change in composition of the medium, thus influencing the electron-chemical reaction and promoting the development of corrosion. The problem of develpoment of microbial corrosion on dental alloy in the oral environment lies in the primary condition that the bacteria adhere to the surface of alloy and form a relatively independent environment that promotes corrosion.
Topics: Corrosion; Dental Alloys; Humans; Mouth; Saliva; Surface Properties
PubMed: 15553877
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Long-term Effects of Medical... 2005Vitallium is a base metal alloy that has been used in dentistry and medicine since 1929. This article will focus on the historical perspectives of Vitallium and include... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
Vitallium is a base metal alloy that has been used in dentistry and medicine since 1929. This article will focus on the historical perspectives of Vitallium and include the dental and medical applications used today. The physical and chemical properties of Vitallium will be discussed, with particular emphasis on the biocompatibility of the metal. Finally, the future uses of Vitallium will be examined, as will the potential dangers in fabricating prostheses using this base metal alloy.
Topics: Biocompatible Materials; Dental Alloys; Dental Implants; Hip Prosthesis; Humans; Metal Ceramic Alloys; Prosthesis Failure; Risk Assessment; Sensitivity and Specificity; Vitallium
PubMed: 16393134
DOI: 10.1615/jlongtermeffmedimplants.v15.i6.90 -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Feb 2000Dental casting alloys are widely used in applications that place them into contact with oral tissues for many years. With the development of new dental alloys over the... (Review)
Review
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Dental casting alloys are widely used in applications that place them into contact with oral tissues for many years. With the development of new dental alloys over the past 15 years, many questions remain about their biologic safety. Practitioners must choose among hundreds of alloy compositions, often without regard to biologic properties.
PURPOSE
This article is an evidence-based tutorial for clinicians. Concepts and current issues relevant to the biologic effects of dental casting alloys are presented.
SUMMARY
The single most relevant property of a casting alloy to its biologic safety is its corrosion. Systemic and local toxicity, allergy, and carcinogenicity all result from elements in the alloy being released into the mouth during corrosion. Little evidence supports concerns of casting alloys causing systemic toxicity. The occurrence of local toxic effects (adjacent to the alloy) is not well documented, but is a higher risk, primarily because local tissues are exposed to much higher concentrations of released metal ions. Several elements such as nickel and cobalt have relatively high potential to cause allergy, but the true risk of using alloys containing these elements remains undefined. Prudence dictates that alloys containing these elements be avoided if possible. Several elements in casting alloys are known mutagens, and a few such as beryllium and cadmium are known carcinogens in different chemical forms. Despite these facts, carcinogenic effects from dental casting alloys have not been demonstrated. Prudent practitioners should avoid alloys containing these known carcinogens.
CONCLUSION
To minimize biologic risks, dentists should select alloys that have the lowest release of elements (lowest corrosion). This goal can be achieved by using high-noble or noble alloys with single-phase microstructures. However, there are exceptions to this generality, and selection of an alloy should be made on a case-by-case basis using corrosion and biologic data from dental manufacturers.
Topics: Biocompatible Materials; Carcinogens; Corrosion; Dental Alloys; Dental Casting Technique; Epithelial Cells; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypersensitivity; Ions; Metals; Mouth Mucosa; Mutagens; Saliva; Solubility
PubMed: 10668036
DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3913(00)80016-5 -
Microscopy Research and Technique Sep 2015The present study aims at characterizing the three-dimensional (3-D) morphology of a Co-Cr-Mo dental alloy surface as a result of three different procedures used for...
The present study aims at characterizing the three-dimensional (3-D) morphology of a Co-Cr-Mo dental alloy surface as a result of three different procedures used for polishing it. The sample surface morphology of the sampled surface was examined employing atomic force microscopy (AFM), statistical surface roughness parameters, and fractal analysis. An extra-hard dental alloy of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (Co-Cr-Mo) (Wironit(®) , from BEGO, Bremen, Germany) was prepared and moulded. Different polishing treatments were carried out on three groups of six samples each--a total of 18 samples. The first group contained six electropolished (EP) samples. The second group containing six samples went through a mechanical polishing process employing green rubber discs and a high shine polishing paste applied by a rotating black brush (BB). The third group comprising six samples as well went through a mechanical polishing process by means of green rubber discs, high shine polishing paste, and a rotating deer leather brush (DL). Fractal analysis on the basis of a computational algorithm applied to the AFM data was employed for the 3-D quantitative characterization of the morphology of the sampled surfaces. The fractal dimension D (average ± standard deviation) of 3-D surfaces for BB samples (2.19 ± 0.07) is lower than that of the DL samples (2.24 ± 0.08), which is still lower than that of the EP samples (2.27 ± 0.09). The results indicated the BB samples as presenting the lowest values of statistical surface roughness parameters, thus the best surface finish, while the EP samples yielded the highest values.
Topics: Dental Alloys; Dentifrices; Microscopy, Atomic Force; Surface Properties
PubMed: 26190754
DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22547 -
Dental Materials Journal Jan 2017Previous reports have demonstrated that ions released from dental alloys might cause cytotoxicity. However, how dental alloys influence the organism has not been...
Previous reports have demonstrated that ions released from dental alloys might cause cytotoxicity. However, how dental alloys influence the organism has not been extensively studied. In order to make it clear, the cytotoxic effect of four dental alloys on L929 cells was evaluated by flow cytometry (FCM) and Real-time quantitative PCR assay (Real-time qPCR) to identify the cell death mode and its biological mechanism. The cells were treated with the leach liquors of cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr), commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti), palladium-based (Pd-based) and gold-platinum (Au-Pt) alloys for 48 and 72 h. FCM results indicated, apart from Au-Pt alloy, the major cell death of dental alloys was time-dependent early apoptosis rather than necrosis/late apoptosis. Caspase 3 and Caspase 9 mRNA expression were determined by Real-time qPCR, and shared the same trend in each group over time. Hence, except for Au-Pt alloy, dental alloys might cause time-dependent early apoptosis via the intrinsic pathway.
Topics: Cell Death; Chromium Alloys; Dental Alloys; Gold Alloys; Humans; Materials Testing; Platinum; Titanium
PubMed: 27928106
DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2016-154