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The Journal of Clinical Pediatric... 2016Previous studies focused on the dental caries status of East African children and not on their overall dental needs. Urban children consume more sugar-rich foods.
BACKGROUND
Previous studies focused on the dental caries status of East African children and not on their overall dental needs. Urban children consume more sugar-rich foods.
OBJECTIVES
To assess overall dental treatment needs of children living in an orphanage in Uganda.
STUDY DESIGN
Teeth were diagnosed as needing treatment by obvious frank carious lesions (WHO criteria), temporary fillings, staining, or very deep pit and/or fissures possibly requiring sealants. Calculus or crowding in the mandibular anterior region and evidence of tooth fractures were recorded, as were signs of wear on the mandibular molars and canines and the maxillary incisors.
RESULTS
Most of the primary teeth (64%) required no dental treatment, but almost all (98%) of the permanent teeth did. A mean (±standard deviation) of 4.81±1.92 permanent teeth required treatment. The mean number of missing teeth was 0.47. Thirty-one children (20.2%) had crowding, 52 (34%) had calculus, and 49 (32%) had signs of attrition on primary and permanent molar teeth (45 enamel only and 4 enamel and dentin).
CONCLUSIONS
Most of the primary teeth required no dental treatment, while the vast majority of permanent teeth did, possibly in association with high sugar cane consumption and poor brushing habits among older children.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Orphaned; Child, Preschool; Cuspid; Dental Calculus; Dental Care; Dental Caries; Dental Fissures; Feeding Behavior; Female; Humans; Incisor; Male; Malocclusion; Molar; Needs Assessment; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Tooth Discoloration; Tooth Fractures; Tooth Loss; Tooth Wear; Tooth, Deciduous; Uganda
PubMed: 27805890
DOI: 10.17796/1053-4628-40.6.486 -
British Dental Journal Sep 1992A process of identifying GDPs' perceptions of their needs for continuing education on one topic area is described. The method employed a combination of two traditional...
A process of identifying GDPs' perceptions of their needs for continuing education on one topic area is described. The method employed a combination of two traditional approaches for assessing educational needs, the so-called 'wisemen' approach and interviews with members of the target audience. The process identified three groups of GDPs with differing educational needs. Their perceptions of their educational needs are described, and the advantages and disadvantages of the process discussed and compared with other methods of assessing educational needs. The study confirmed the importance of identifying educational needs in the development of an educational programme.
Topics: Dental Fissures; Education, Dental, Continuing; General Practice, Dental; Humans; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Program Development; Scotland
PubMed: 1389599
DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4807967 -
Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband Der... Mar 2017The aim of the present observational study was to assess the effect of the number and timing of placing fissure sealants (FS) on caries prevalence in elementary school... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
The aim of the present observational study was to assess the effect of the number and timing of placing fissure sealants (FS) on caries prevalence in elementary school children under real-life conditions. Oral health data from 7- to 10-year-old elementary school children (n=505) attending 4 consecutive annual checkups between 2004 and 2009 was extracted from the public health service database. The number of intact FS and the number of teeth affected by caries was scored according to WHO standard (1997). 34.9% pupils had at least one, 10% 4 FS. Children without FS had a higher dental caries rate compared to peers with FS (0.2 DT/0.4 DMFT vs. 0.1 DT/0.2 DMFT). Pupils with 4 FS showed the lowest number of teeth with caries (0 DT/0 DMFT). Children with an early application of FS had a lower D-component than children with a later or missing application (0.1 DT vs. 0.2 DT). Pupils with less than 4 FS had a higher risk of developing caries in their permanent dentition compared to peers with 4 FS (OR 4.36). FS is an effective caries preventive measure under real-life conditions. Early application and sealing of all 4 molars can optimize the prevention of caries in the permanent dentition.
Topics: Child; Child Health; Dental Fissures; Dental Health Surveys; Female; Germany; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Oral Health; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Students; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 26630446
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1564180 -
European Journal of Oral Sciences May 2006The three-dimensional morphology of human tooth fissures and the quantification of mineral distribution in fissure enamel are pertinent to the development and diagnosis...
The three-dimensional morphology of human tooth fissures and the quantification of mineral distribution in fissure enamel are pertinent to the development and diagnosis of caries. Synchrotron X-ray microtomography was used to measure linear attenuation coefficients (at 25 keV) at high spatial resolution with a volume-imaging element (cubic voxel) of 4.9x4.9x4.9 microm3 in a block from a human premolar that included part of a stained fissure. From the linear attenuation coefficient, the mineral concentration, expressed as gHAp cm-3 (where HAp is stoichiometric hydroxyapatite), was calculated. The mean mineral concentration in bulk enamel was 2.84 gHAp cm-3. Well-defined regions (1.5-2.6 gHAp cm-3), extending up to approximately 130 microm from the base of some narrower lengths of the fissure and up to approximately 50 microm deep from the fissure surface, were attributed to hypomineralization. Other regions of low mineral concentration, some (1.4-2.3 gHAp cm-3) lying within the expected course of the fissure base and some (2.2-2.7 gHAp cm-3) deep to the pit, were also considered to be of developmental origin. However, a diffuse distribution of low mineral concentrations (2.2-2.7 gHAp cm-3) in the pit walls was attributed primarily to demineralization from caries. The fissure contained heterogeneous material (
Topics: Dental Enamel; Dental Fissures; Durapatite; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Microradiography; Minerals; Radiographic Image Enhancement; Synchrotrons; Tomography, X-Ray
PubMed: 16674712
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2006.00315.x -
Journal of the American Dental... Oct 2001
Topics: Air Abrasion, Dental; Dental Fissures; Humans; Insurance, Dental; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Research Support as Topic; United States
PubMed: 11680350
DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.2001.0041 -
British Dental Journal Jun 2013The diagnosis and management of 'stained' or possibly carious pits and fissures is a difficult clinical problem. Historically, clinicians have restoratively intervened... (Review)
Review
The diagnosis and management of 'stained' or possibly carious pits and fissures is a difficult clinical problem. Historically, clinicians have restoratively intervened at an early stage because of concern that caries will progress unless completely removed and a restoration placed. However, this approach is destructive of tooth tissue and in the longer term may compromise the tooth as it enters the restoration re-restoration cycle. This paper aims to update the reader on developments in sealant technology and the use of sealants in caries prevention and management with an emphasis on the options available to manage the questionable fissure.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Dental Caries; Dental Fissures; Dentin; Evidence-Based Dentistry; Humans; International Agencies; Molar; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Radiography, Bitewing; Risk Assessment; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 23744208
DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2013.525 -
European Archives of Paediatric... Apr 2012To evaluate retention and caries prevention of a glass-ionomer cement (GIC) and a resin-based fissure sealant placed by fifth-year undergraduate dental students. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
AIM
To evaluate retention and caries prevention of a glass-ionomer cement (GIC) and a resin-based fissure sealant placed by fifth-year undergraduate dental students.
METHODS
The study was conducted according to a split-mouth, randomised clinical trial. Children with at least one pair of caries-free permanent first molars with deep pits and fissures were included in the study. The children were selected from a population that had a high risk for dental caries. Sealant materials were applied by fifth-year undergraduate dental students on 346 fissures of the first permanent molars in 173 children. The ages of the children ranged from 7-15 years (mean 9.4). Two researchers at the clinics supervised all of the procedures. Intra-examiner reproducibility and inter-examiner reproducibility were 0.90 and 0.86, respectively, for the clinical assessment of sealant retention and caries evaluation.
RESULTS
GIC sealants were completely lost in 31.9% and resin-based sealants in 16.6% (p<0.05). The total retention rates of GIC sealants and resin-based sealants were 13.8% and 20.8%, respectively. After 24 months, the caries increment was 3.4% for GIC sealants and 4.8% for resin-based sealants (p>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The retention of GIC sealants was markedly inferior to the retention of resin-based sealants; however, GIC when used as a pit and fissure sealant was slightly more effective in preventing occlusal caries.
Topics: Acid Etching, Dental; Acrylic Resins; Adolescent; Child; Dental Bonding; Dental Caries; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Dental Fissures; Dental Materials; Dental Prophylaxis; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glass Ionomer Cements; Humans; Male; Methacrylates; Molar; Phosphoric Acids; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Resin Cements; Students, Dental; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 22449810
DOI: 10.1007/BF03262852 -
Quintessence International (Berlin,... Sep 2000The use of modified cavity designs for the treatment of initial carious lesions can be justified on the grounds that, because no restorative material can adequately... (Review)
Review
The use of modified cavity designs for the treatment of initial carious lesions can be justified on the grounds that, because no restorative material can adequately replace natural tooth structure for the long term, preservation of natural tooth structure is important. It is apparent that it is possible to remineralize and heal demineralized tooth structure to some degree. Therefore, neither enamel nor dentin should be removed simply because it has lost calcium and phosphate ions as a result of acid attack. The older surgical approach to cavity design was adopted in the absence of adhesive techniques and on the basis of Black's principle of "extension for prevention," but this theory is no longer tenable. The current availability of adhesive bioactive restorative materials makes it possible to maintain areas of tooth structure even though they appear to be undermined and weakened. Thus, the concept of geometric designs for prescribed cavities is no longer valid. The purpose of this article is to describe a series of simplified, modified cavity designs for small initial lesions; preservation of natural tooth structure is the principle objective of these designs.
Topics: Dental Caries; Dental Cavity Preparation; Dental Fissures; Glass Ionomer Cements; Humans; Tooth Remineralization
PubMed: 11203974
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Dentistry Feb 2017The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate three treatment modalities [infiltrant resin (IR), micro-filled infiltrant resin (MFIR), infiltrant-sealant-combination...
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate three treatment modalities [infiltrant resin (IR), micro-filled infiltrant resin (MFIR), infiltrant-sealant-combination (ISC)] regarding both their abilities to penetrate lesions differing in ICDAS-codes and to fill fissures and cavities.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Extracted human molars (n=90) showing fissure caries lesions with and without cavitations were etched with 15% hydrochloric acid (HCl) that was mixed with abrasives and a 15% HCl-solution (1:1). The etching gel was rubbed for 30s within the fissure and, if eligible, within the cavity using a brush. After this pretreatment an infiltrant (Icon; DMG; IR) or an infiltrant mixed with microfillers (MFIR) was applied. ISC included the application of an infiltrant followed by a fissure sealant (Helioseal; Ivoclar Vivadent) From each tooth slices showing a non-cavitated (based on ICDAS-2) or cavitated lesion part (based on ICDAS-3/5) were prepared. Lesion (LA) and penetration areas (PA) as well as the completeness of fissure and cavity filling were analyzed using dual staining and confocal laser scanning microscopy.
RESULTS
Percentage penetration (PP) was calculated as 100×PA/LA. PP [median (25th/75th)] did not differ significantly between IR [95 (86/100)%], MFIR [93 (62/100)%] or ISC [89 (67/97)%] (p>0.05; Kruskal-Wallis test). All three materials filled about 90% of the dimensions of fissures and cavities (p>0.05; Kruskal-Wallis test).
CONCLUSION
It can be concluded that MFIR seems to be suitable to fill fissures and cavities like a fissure sealant and that it penetrates fissure caries lesions similarly deep as the conventional infiltrant after an experimental etching regime.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The MFIR seems to combine advantages of the fissure sealing and the caries infiltration procedure.
Topics: Acid Etching, Dental; Acrylic Resins; Composite Resins; Dental Caries; Dental Enamel; Dental Fissures; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Humans; Hydrochloric Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Materials Testing; Microscopy, Confocal; Molar; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Polyurethanes; Resins, Synthetic; Surface Properties
PubMed: 28043846
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2016.12.010 -
Acta Medica Academica Nov 2013The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different techniques of surface treatment on the microleakage of fissure sealants in permanent molar teeth in vitro. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different techniques of surface treatment on the microleakage of fissure sealants in permanent molar teeth in vitro.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
96 extracted impacted human third molars were randomly divided into 8 surface treatment groups (n=12/group) as 1. Er: YAG laser ; (Fidelis II, Fotona, Ljubljana, Slovenia) (125 mj, 20Hz) ; 2. Er: YAG laser + 37% H3PO4 (15s) ; 3. ER: AG laser + 37% H3PO4+Prime&Bond NT ; 4. Er: YAG laser + G Bond ; 5. Er: YAG laser + Prime&Bond NT ; 6. 37% H3PO4 ; 7. 37% H3PO4 + Prime&Bond NT ; 8. G Bond. Sealant material (Clinpro, 3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany), was applied into the fissures and light-cured for 20s with LED (Bluephase C5, Ivoclar-Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein). Specimens were subjected to thermocycling (1000×, 5-55°C, dwell time: 15s) and immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsin solution for 24h at 37°C. The samples were sectioned and scored on a 3 point rating scale using a light microscope with a magnification of ×20. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze data. Multiple comparisons were analyzed using Bonferroni test (p=0.05).
RESULTS
Er:YAG laser showed the highest microleakage scores whereas Er YAG laser + 37% H3PO4 showed the lowest. Although 37% H3PO4 group showed higher scores than Er:YAG laser + 37% H3PO4, the difference was not statistically significant.
CONCLUSION
Etching fissures with phosphoric acid is sufficient prior to fissure sealant application.
Topics: Acid Etching, Dental; Dental Enamel; Dental Fissures; Dental Leakage; Female; Humans; Laser Therapy; Male; Molar, Third; Phosphoric Acids; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Surface Properties
PubMed: 24308402
DOI: 10.5644/ama2006-124.90