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British Dental Journal May 2022With the phasing down of dental amalgam use in response to the Minamata Convention, it is likely that resin-based composite restoratives will be the dental material of... (Review)
Review
With the phasing down of dental amalgam use in response to the Minamata Convention, it is likely that resin-based composite restoratives will be the dental material of choice for the direct restoration of compromised dentition in the UK, at least for the foreseeable future. The current materials have a finite lifespan, with failures predominately due to either secondary caries or fracture. Consequently, there is considerable in vitro research reported each year with the intention of producing improved materials. This review describes the recent research in materials designed to have low polymerisation shrinkage and increased mechanical properties. Also described is research into materials that are either antimicrobial or are designed to release ions into the surrounding oral environment, with the aim of stimulating remineralisation of the surrounding dental tissues. It is hoped that by describing this recent research, clinicians will be able to gain some understanding of the current research that will potentially lead to new products that they can use to improve patient treatment in the future.
Topics: Composite Resins; Dental Amalgam; Dental Caries; Dental Materials; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Humans
PubMed: 35562465
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-022-4240-8 -
Journal of Biomedical Materials... Aug 2020Due to the excellent restoration of masticatory function, satisfaction on aesthetics and other superiorities, dental implants represent an effective method to resolve... (Review)
Review
Due to the excellent restoration of masticatory function, satisfaction on aesthetics and other superiorities, dental implants represent an effective method to resolve tooth losing and damaging. Current dental implant systems still have problems waiting to be addressed, and problems are centralized on the materials of implant bodies. This review aims to summarize major developments in the field of dental implant materials, starting with an overview on structures, procedures of dental implants and challenges of implant materials. Next, implant materials are examined in three categories, that is, metals, ceramics, and polymers, their mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and bioactivity are summarized. And as an important aspect, strategies of surface modification are also reviewed, along with some finite element analysis to guiding the research direction of implant materials. Finally, the conclusive remarks are outlined to provide an outlook on the future research directions and prospects of dental implants.
Topics: Biocompatible Materials; Dental Implants; Dental Materials; Finite Element Analysis; Humans; Materials Testing; Prosthesis Design
PubMed: 32196913
DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36931 -
Radiology Mar 1988Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the head and neck is becoming an important aid in evaluating pathologic conditions of the brain, midface, and pharynx. Certain dental...
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the head and neck is becoming an important aid in evaluating pathologic conditions of the brain, midface, and pharynx. Certain dental materials cause artifacts during MR imaging of the lower midface. These artifacts can obscure the normal anatomy. This study describes the degree of artifact production caused by various materials commonly used in dental restorations. Of the materials tested, those causing artifacts were made of stainless steel, such as orthodontic bands used for braces, and pins or posts that are commonly drilled into teeth to provide structure or stability before filling. Materials used as temporary or permanent fillings or crowns--such as amalgam, gold alloy, aluminum, microfilled resin, and polyvinyl acrylics--did not cause artifacts in the images.
Topics: Dental Materials; Head; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Neck
PubMed: 3340777
DOI: 10.1148/radiology.166.3.3340777 -
Dental Clinics of North America Jul 2011The use of materials to rehabilitate tooth structures is constantly changing. Over the past decade, newer material processing techniques and technologies have... (Review)
Review
The use of materials to rehabilitate tooth structures is constantly changing. Over the past decade, newer material processing techniques and technologies have significantly improved the dependability and predictability of dental material for clinicians. The greatest obstacle, however, is in choosing the right combination for continued success. Finding predictable approaches for successful restorative procedures has been the goal of clinical and material scientists. This article provides a broad perspective on the advances made in various classes of dental restorative materials in terms of their functionality with respect to pit and fissure sealants, glass ionomers, and dental composites.
Topics: Chemical Phenomena; Composite Resins; Dental Materials; Dentistry, Operative; Glass Ionomer Cements; Humans; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Resin Cements; Technology, Dental
PubMed: 21726695
DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2011.02.015 -
The European Journal of Prosthodontics... Sep 2015Decision-making is a fundamental aspect of clinical dentistry. Advances in technology and trends towards more conservative technologies have broadened the options... (Review)
Review
Decision-making is a fundamental aspect of clinical dentistry. Advances in technology and trends towards more conservative technologies have broadened the options available to patients and dentists, increasing the range of choices and opportunities to restore teeth. With such a broad range of dental materials, there are a number of factors to consider in making an appropriate choice. We present several decision-making dilemmas. Namely; how to restore worn lower anterior teeth, what to consider when replacing crowns, materials to consider when providing cuspal protection for posterior teeth, and finally the issues to consider when selecting a luting cement. The evidence supporting different clinical choices is considered in a discussion of the various dilemmas faced.
Topics: Ceramics; Composite Resins; Crowns; Decision Making; Dental Cements; Dental Materials; Dental Prosthesis; Dental Restoration Failure; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Female; Humans; Metal Ceramic Alloys; Middle Aged; Patient Care Planning; Periapical Periodontitis; Retreatment; Tooth Wear
PubMed: 26591251
DOI: No ID Found -
Endodontics & Dental Traumatology Aug 1992Assessment of the quality of dental restorations by the Ryge system is described. Generally, the quality of dental restorations is shown to be dependent on the technique... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
Assessment of the quality of dental restorations by the Ryge system is described. Generally, the quality of dental restorations is shown to be dependent on the technique sensitivity of the restorative material as well as the skill and experience of the dentist. Concerning biocompatibility, adverse reactions related to amalgam restorations are unlikely or scarce, due to small amounts of released mercury. Resin based restorative materials contain a large number of organic compounds and, as such, the toxic and allergenic potentials are unknown. Gold and ceramics turn out to be the most biotolerable dental materials. Based on studies on longevity, data indicate that the median age of amalgam restorations is 10-12 years, of gold castings 13-14 years and more, and of composite restorations 4 years. Data on longevity of ceramic restorations are sparse. Secondary caries appears to be the most frequent cause for replacement of the different restorations, followed by marginal degradation. Secondary caries account for more failures among the resin based restorations than among amalgam. Reviewing the literature, it appears that amalgam is the best and most economic dental material for routine posterior restorations with reasonable durability. Gold is recommended for complex restorations. Resin based composites may be limited to small restorations where cosmetics is the main aspect, as wear and recurrent caries are main problems. Ceramic restorations comprise aesthetic restorations with excellent biocompatibility, however, data on longevity and marginal adaptation are not encouraging.
Topics: Bicuspid; Ceramics; Composite Resins; Dental Amalgam; Dental Caries; Dental Leakage; Dental Materials; Dental Porcelain; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Gold Alloys; Humans; Inlays; Molar; Recurrence
PubMed: 1291301
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.1992.tb00233.x -
RDH May 1988
Topics: Acrylic Resins; Composite Resins; Dental Materials; Dental Porcelain; Dental Prophylaxis; Humans
PubMed: 3212222
DOI: No ID Found -
Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton,... 2023Dental materials are specially fabricated materials designed for use in dentistry. A variety of materials may be used, including cements, impression, lining, and dental...
Dental materials are specially fabricated materials designed for use in dentistry. A variety of materials may be used, including cements, impression, lining, and dental restorative materials. Some of these dental materials provide temporary dressings while others are more permanent and are in contact with host tissue for prolonged periods of time. Consequently, newly developed dental materials not only require mechanical, chemical, and physical testing but also require in vitro analysis to ensure their safety and biocompatibility. The current chapter provides background on dental material characterization and a protocol for its in vitro biological testing.
Topics: In Vitro Techniques; Dental Materials
PubMed: 36418708
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2780-8_31 -
Dental Materials : Official Publication... Jun 2011To evaluate the mechanical behavior of a prototype porous ceramic interpenetrating polymer-ceramic material containing 15-20% polymer.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the mechanical behavior of a prototype porous ceramic interpenetrating polymer-ceramic material containing 15-20% polymer.
METHODS
After sample preparation, elastic modulus, hardness, stress-strain relationship and indentation creep response were measured by a nanoindentation system. Fracture toughness was measured by the single-edge-notched beam (SENB) method. SEM was employed to observe the fractured surface and analyze the fracture mechanisms.
RESULTS
The polymer infiltrated ceramic material has elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness values of 30.14GPa, 2.59GPa, and 1.72 MPam(1/2), respectively. The material illustrates a significant indentation size effect for elastic modulus and hardness, and has similar indentation creep behavior to human enamel. Manufacturing procedures such as the density of pre-infiltrated porous ceramic and processing pressure influence the final properties of the material.
SIGNIFICANCE
This polymer infiltrated ceramic material is anticipated to become a new member of the dental CAD/CAM family.
Topics: Algorithms; Composite Resins; Dental Materials; Dental Porcelain; Dental Stress Analysis; Elastic Modulus; Hardness; Humans; Materials Testing; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Polymers; Porosity; Stress, Mechanical; Surface Properties
PubMed: 21371744
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2011.02.002 -
Schweizer Monatsschrift Fur Zahnmedizin... 2013Zirconia is currently extensively used in medicine, especially in orthopedic surgery for various joint replacement appliances. Its outstanding mechanical and chemical... (Review)
Review
Zirconia is currently extensively used in medicine, especially in orthopedic surgery for various joint replacement appliances. Its outstanding mechanical and chemical properties have made it the "material of choice" for various types of prostheses. Its color in particular makes it a favored material to manufacture dental implants. A literature search through Medline enables one to see zirconia's potential but also to point out and identify its weaknesses. The search shows that zirconia is a biocompatible, osteoconductive material that has the ability to osseointegrate. Its strength of bonding to bone depends on the surface structure of the implant. Although interesting, the studies do not allow for the recommendation of the use of zirconia implants in daily practice. The lack of studies examining the chemical and structural composition of zirconia implants does not allow for a "gold standard" to be established in the implant manufacturing process. Randomized clinical trials (RCT) are urgently needed on surface treatments of zirconia implants intended to achieve the best possible osseointegration.
Topics: Animals; Biocompatible Materials; Biotransformation; Color; Dental Implants; Dental Materials; Dental Porcelain; Dental Prosthesis Design; Dental Stress Analysis; Hardness; Humans; Mechanical Phenomena; Osseointegration; Zirconium
PubMed: 23965893
DOI: No ID Found