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Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi =... Jun 2018Recently, various levels of success have been achieved in dental pulp and dentin regeneration using latest techniques such as pulp revascularization, stem cell... (Review)
Review
Recently, various levels of success have been achieved in dental pulp and dentin regeneration using latest techniques such as pulp revascularization, stem cell transplantation and cell homing. These cutting-edge technologies utilize stem cell mobilization, homing and directional differentiation, stem cell sub-population isolation, expansion and transplantation, modification and optimization of biomaterials and/or synergetic effects of biological cues. The objective of this review is to identify approaches for clinical translation and improve the success rates of pulp regeneration. We will focus on either basic and clinical research progress of dental pulp revascularization, or translational challenges and strategies of stem cell transplantation and cell homing in dental pulp regeneration.
Topics: Animals; Biocompatible Materials; Cell Differentiation; Cell Movement; Dental Pulp; Dentin; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization; Regeneration; Stem Cell Transplantation; Tissue Engineering
PubMed: 29886628
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2018.06.001 -
Journal of Dental Research Mar 2018The proteome and N-terminome of the human odontoblast cell layer were identified for the first time by shotgun proteomic and terminal amine isotopic labeling of...
The proteome and N-terminome of the human odontoblast cell layer were identified for the first time by shotgun proteomic and terminal amine isotopic labeling of substrates (TAILS) N-terminomic analyses, respectively, and compared with that of human dental pulp stroma from 26 third molar teeth. After reverse-phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, >170,000 spectra from the shotgun and TAILS analyses were matched by 4 search engines to 4,888 and 12,063 peptides in the odontoblast cell layer and pulp stroma, respectively. Within these peptide groups, 1,543 and 5,841 protein N-termini, as well as 895 and 2,423 unique proteins, were identified with a false discovery rate of ≤1%. Thus, the human dental pulp proteome was expanded by 974 proteins not previously identified among the 4,123 proteins in our 2015 dental pulp study. Further, 222 proteins of the odontoblast cell layer were not found in the pulp stroma, suggesting many of these proteins are synthesized only by odontoblasts. When comparing the proteomes of older and younger donors, differences were more apparent in the odontoblast cell layer than in the dental pulp stroma. In the odontoblast cell layer proteome, we found proteomic evidence for dentin sialophosphoprotein, which is cleaved into dentin sialoprotein and dentin phosphoprotein. By exploring the proteome of the odontoblast cell layer and expanding the known dental pulp proteome, we found distinct proteome differences compared with each other and with dentin. Moreover, between 61% and 66% of proteins also occurred as proteoforms commencing with a neo-N-terminus not annotated in UniProt. Hence, TAILS increased proteome coverage and revealed considerable proteolytic processing, by identifying stable proteoforms in these dynamic dental tissues. All mass spectrometry raw data have been deposited to ProteomeXchange with the identifier
, with the accompanying metadata at Mendeley Data ( https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/b57zfh6wmy/1 ). Topics: Chromatography, Liquid; Dental Pulp; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Molar, Third; Odontoblasts; Proteins; Proteome
PubMed: 29035686
DOI: 10.1177/0022034517736054 -
Istanbul Universitesi Dishekimligi... Jan 1971
Topics: Dental Pulp
PubMed: 5293121
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of the American Dental... Feb 1973
Topics: Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Test; Humans; Patient Care Planning; Root Canal Therapy; Tooth Injuries
PubMed: 4404999
DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.1973.0081 -
Dental Cadmos Mar 1984
Topics: Calcium Hydroxide; Dental Cavity Lining; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Capping; Dental Pulp Diseases; Dentin; Humans; Polycarboxylate Cement; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; Zinc Phosphate Cement
PubMed: 6596203
DOI: No ID Found -
Folia Morphologica 2018Endodontium, otherwise referred to as pulp-dentin complex or endodont. This term includes two tooth tissues: dentin and pulp, which constitute a structural and... (Review)
Review
Endodontium, otherwise referred to as pulp-dentin complex or endodont. This term includes two tooth tissues: dentin and pulp, which constitute a structural and functional unity. These tissues have a huge, inseparable influence on each other - the pulp (inter alia) nourishes the dentine, while the dentin forms a protective barrier for the pulp. They develop from the papillary tissue (Latin: papilladentis) from mesenchymal tissue. Nevertheless, in clinical practice this structural-functional complex is often treated as two separate tissues, and not as a whole. Adequate knowledge of the structure, function and protective mechanisms of the endodontium produces successful results in the treatment. The appropriate choice and application of the therapeutic methods and materials to the dentin secures vitality of both tissues of this complex.
Topics: Animals; Dental Pulp; Dentin; Humans
PubMed: 29345716
DOI: 10.5603/FM.a2018.0008 -
International Endodontic Journal Nov 2017To characterize the pulp immune cell profile in the teeth of rats treated with zoledronic acid (ZA).
AIM
To characterize the pulp immune cell profile in the teeth of rats treated with zoledronic acid (ZA).
METHODOLOGY
Male Wistar rats (n = 6 per group) received four intravenous infusions of ZA at doses of 0.04, 0.20 or 1.00 mg kg ZA or saline (control). On the 70th experimental day, they were euthanized. The first right molar was examined microscopically and submitted to toluidine blue reaction and immunohistochemical for CD68, tumour necrosis Factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) and IL-18 binding protein (IL-18 bp). The presence of ectasic/dilated vessels and inflammatory cells was analysed, and mast cells and mononuclear CD68-positive cells were counted along with the intensity of immunostaining (0-3) for inflammatory markers in odontoblasts and nonodontoblasts pulp cells. The Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn's test (scores or quantitative data) and the chi-squared test (categorical data) were used (GraphPad Prism 5.0, P < 0.05).
RESULTS
There was no differences in the number of animals exhibiting dilated/ectasic blood vessels (P = 0.242) and inflammatory cells (P = 0.489) or in the number of mast cells (P = 1.000). However, there was an increase in mononuclear CD68-positive cells (P = 0.026), immunostaining of TNF-α (P = 0.020), IL-1β (P = 0.027) and iNOS (P = 0.001) in odontoblasts, and IL-1β (P = 0.013) in nonodontoblast pulp cells dose-dependently. NFkB (nucleus and cytoplasm) and IL-18 bp did not differ between groups.
CONCLUSION
ZA modified the immune cell profile in the dental pulp, increasing the number of macrophages and expression of pro-inflammatory markers independent of NFkB.
Topics: Animals; Dental Pulp; Diphosphonates; Imidazoles; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Zoledronic Acid
PubMed: 27977859
DOI: 10.1111/iej.12734 -
Cell and Tissue Research Jan 2014Orthodontic force application is well known to induce sterile inflammation, which is initially caused by the compression of blood vessels in tooth-supporting apparatus....
Orthodontic force application is well known to induce sterile inflammation, which is initially caused by the compression of blood vessels in tooth-supporting apparatus. The reaction of periodontal ligament cells to mechanical loading has been thoroughly investigated, whereas knowledge on tissue reactions of the dental pulp is rather limited. The aim of the present trial is to analyze the effect of orthodontic treatment on the induction and cellular regulation of intra-pulpal hypoxia. To investigate the effect of orthodontic force on dental pulp cells, which results in circulatory disturbances within the dental pulp, we used a rat model for the immunohistochemical analysis of the accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in the initial phase of orthodontic tooth movement. To further examine the regulatory role of circulatory disturbances and hypoxic conditions, we analyze isolated dental pulp cells from human teeth with regard to their specific reaction under hypoxic conditions by means of flow cytometry, immunoblot, ELISA and real-time PCR on markers (Hif-1α, VEGF, Cox-2, IL-6, IL-8, ROS, p65). In vivo experiments showed the induction of hypoxia in dental pulp after orthodontic tooth movement. The induction of oxidative stress in human dental pulp cells showed up-regulation of the pro-inflammatory and angiogenic genes Cox-2, VEGF, IL-6 and IL-8. The present data suggest that orthodontic tooth movement affects dental pulp circulation by hypoxia, which leads to an inflammatory response inside treated teeth. Therefore, pulp tissue may be expected to undergo a remodeling process after tooth movement.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Cytokines; Dental Pulp; Humans; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; Male; Oxidative Stress; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tooth Movement Techniques; Young Adult
PubMed: 24192938
DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1739-y -
International Journal of Paediatric... Jan 2009One of the greatest diagnostic challenges in clinical practice is the accurate assessment of pulp status. This may be further complicated in paediatric dentistry where... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
One of the greatest diagnostic challenges in clinical practice is the accurate assessment of pulp status. This may be further complicated in paediatric dentistry where the practitioner is faced with a developing dentition, traumatized teeth, or young children who have a limited ability to recall a pain history for the tooth in question. A variety of pulp testing approaches exist, and there may be confusion as to their validity or appropriateness in different clinical situations.
AIM
The aim of this paper is to provide the clinician with a comprehensive review of current pulp testing methods. A key objective is to highlight the difference between sensitivity testing and vitality testing. A biological basis for pulp testing is also provided to allow greater insight into the interpretation of pulp testing results. The rationale for, and methods of, assessing pulpal blood flow are described.
Topics: Child; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Diseases; Dental Pulp Test; Humans; Predictive Value of Tests; Sensitivity and Specificity; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 19120505
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-263X.2008.00955.x -
Journal of Dental Research Jul 2011
Topics: Adult Stem Cells; Animals; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Humans; Pulpitis; Regeneration
PubMed: 21700812
DOI: 10.1177/0022034511405331