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Proceedings of the Finnish Dental... 1992A brief review of the normal sensory innervation of teeth is presented, especially concerning the fibers that are immunoreactive (IR) for calcitonin gene-related peptide... (Review)
Review
A brief review of the normal sensory innervation of teeth is presented, especially concerning the fibers that are immunoreactive (IR) for calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Numerous CGRP-IR fibers innervate coronal dentin at sites populated by primary odontoblasts and associated pulp cells that synthesize nerve growth factor (NGF). If the primary odontoblasts and adjacent pulp cells are lost as a consequence of injury, CGRP-IR dentinal innervation is greatly reduced. The responses of CGRP-IR nerve fibers to pulpal injury are reviewed. Those reactions show that pulpal sensory nerve fibers can alter the size, shape and immunoreactivity of their terminal branches in response to different stages of inflammation and healing.
Topics: Animals; Dental Pulp; Nerve Growth Factors; Neurons, Afferent; Pulpitis
PubMed: 1508907
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Dental Research Mar 1992The occurrence and distribution of the regulatory peptide endothelin in normal and inflamed human dental pulp was studied by immunocytochemistry. Endothelial cells in...
The occurrence and distribution of the regulatory peptide endothelin in normal and inflamed human dental pulp was studied by immunocytochemistry. Endothelial cells in both normal and inflamed pulp displayed endothelin-like immunoreactivity. Neither pulp cells nor dental nerves were immunoreactive. No significant change in the distribution of endothelin immunoreactivity could be detected in the samples of inflamed pulp tissue, the immunoreactive material being detectable only within the endothelium. However, the intensity of the immunostaining was less intense in the samples of inflamed pulp. It is reasonable to presume that endothelin, produced and released locally by endothelial cells, may participate via a paracrine mechanism in the regulation of blood pressure and flow in normal and pathological human dental tissues.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cytoplasm; Dental Pulp; Endothelins; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Pulpitis
PubMed: 1573079
DOI: 10.1177/00220345920710031001 -
Journal of Endodontics Feb 1978
Review
Topics: Dental Pulp; Dentin; Humans; Toothache
PubMed: 355593
DOI: 10.1016/S0099-2399(78)80253-2 -
International Journal of Oral Science Jun 2010The aim of this article was to examine the research articles regarding biological and mechanical properties of cryopreserved teeth for potential use in tooth... (Review)
Review
The aim of this article was to examine the research articles regarding biological and mechanical properties of cryopreserved teeth for potential use in tooth transplantation. A systematic review of literatures was performed by Pubmed searching with assigned key words from January 1, 1990 to June 8, 2009. All articles were examined for inclusion criteria. Secondary search was conducted by hand-search through references of included articles from primary search. A total of 24 articles were obtained from both primary and secondary search and used as fundamental articles in this review. Periodontal ligament tissues of cryopreserved teeth were able to maintain their biological properties resulted in a satisfactory healing of periodontium. Dental pulp tissues, however, may be compromised by limitation of permeability of cryopreservative agent into pulp cavity. Therefore, an endodontic treatment of transplanted cryopreserved teeth was recommended. Cryopreserved teeth had comparable mechanical properties to those of normal teeth. Importantly, the success of cryopreserved tooth transplantation treatment in orthodontic patients was reported. The cryopreserved teeth for tooth banking have a potential clinical application for treatment of missing teeth. Case selection, however, is critical for treatment success. More studies and data regarding masticatory function and periodontal healing of transplanted cryopreserved teeth are needed.
Topics: Cryopreservation; Dental Enamel Permeability; Dental Pulp; Dentin Permeability; Humans; Periodontal Ligament; Tissue Banks; Tooth
PubMed: 20737931
DOI: 10.4248/IJOS10021 -
International Journal of Nanomedicine Dec 2010Calcifying nanoparticles (CNPs, previously called nanobacteria) are self-propagating, cultivable macromolecular complexes. Their extraordinary characteristic is that...
Calcifying nanoparticles (CNPs, previously called nanobacteria) are self-propagating, cultivable macromolecular complexes. Their extraordinary characteristic is that they can aggregate carbonate apatite on their envelope from soluble calcium and phosphorus at physiologic concentrations and display cytotoxic effects on murine and human fibroblast cell lines. The question arises whether CNPs contribute to the degeneration of pulp tissue and thus result in clinically significant human dental pulp stones as nidies. This study evaluates CNPs' effects upon human dental pulp cells (HDPCs, the host cells in pulp tissue). We observed the ultrastructural variation of HDPCs attacked by CNPs. The spatial relationship of HDPCs and CNPs after coculture was also identified by immunofluorescence staining. Furthermore, it was verified by MTT viability assay that CNPs isolated from dental pulp stones exerted cytotoxic effect on HDPCs. Therefore, it could be concluded that the existence of CNPs might interfere with the normal physiologic function of the cells, and that might lead to dental pulp calcification. Elucidation of the cytotoxic characteristics of CNPs may offer a new perspective for understanding the etiology of human dental pulp stones.
Topics: Adult; Cell Shape; Cell Survival; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Calcification; Humans; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Microscopy, Phase-Contrast; Nanoparticles
PubMed: 21289977
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S15064 -
Kokubyo Gakkai Zasshi. the Journal of... Mar 2001Le Fort I osteotomy has been established by many studies and is generally used, but hypoesthesia of the dental pulp, the most common complication, occurs in almost all...
Le Fort I osteotomy has been established by many studies and is generally used, but hypoesthesia of the dental pulp, the most common complication, occurs in almost all patients. As such, we examined dental pulp sensibility, pulpal blood flow, and histological changes, to elucidate the process of functional recovery of dental pulp after Le Fort I osteotomy. Monkeys (Macaca fusucata) were used in this study. The animals underwent Le Fort I osteotomy in their unilateral maxillae. Histological and angiographic examinations were performed to observe the postoperative changes in the maxillae and dental pulp. Postoperative pulpal blood flow was examined using a laser Doppler flowmetry. Postoperative pulpal blood flow, by a laser Doppler flowmetry, and dental pulp sensibility, by electrodiagnostics, in patients who underwent Le Fort I osteotomy, were also examined. Although nerve fibers observed in the dental pulp of the maxilla degenerated and disappeared by one week postoperatively, they reappeared sparsely from two to three months after osteotomy, and there were abundant nerve fibers by one year postoperatively. In the angiographic examination, blood supply to the maxillary dental pulp was maintained throughout the postoperative period. In the examinations of laser Doppler flowmetry and dental pulp electrodiagnostics, ischemia in the dental pulp for three or four days after osteotomy might delay the recovery of dental pulp sensibility. These results suggested that blood flow in dental pulp at three or four days after surgery may affect the recovery of dental pulp sensibility.
Topics: Animals; Dental Pulp; Female; Humans; Macaca; Male; Osteotomy, Le Fort; Wound Healing
PubMed: 11321805
DOI: 10.5357/koubyou.68.39 -
Journal of Clinical Laser Medicine &... Dec 2003The effects of Er:YAG laser irradiation on the pulp tissue during a pulpotomy procedure were evaluated histopathologically.
OBJECTIVE
The effects of Er:YAG laser irradiation on the pulp tissue during a pulpotomy procedure were evaluated histopathologically.
BACKGROUND DATA
The effects on pulp tissue during laser pulpotomy using Er:YAG laser irradiation are not clear.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Sixty mesial root canals of mandibular first molars in rats were divided into four groups. In three of these groups, root canals were irradiated using an Er:YAG laser at 2 Hz and 34, 68, and 102 mJ/pulse for 15 sec. Non-irradiated canals served as controls. The effects of laser irradiation on the remaining pulp tissue and periodontal tissues were evaluated at 0 days, 2 days, and 1 week after irradiation under light microscopy.
RESULTS
At 1 week after treatment, no inflammation or resorption was observed in any cases in the control or 34 mJ/pulse-irradiated groups. However, moderate to severe inflammation was observed in 9 of 10 cases (90%) in the 68 and 102 mJ/pulse-irradiated groups.
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that effects on pulp tissues during a pulpotomy procedure by Er:YAG laser irradiation are minimal, if appropriate parameters are selected, and this is a potential therapy for pulpotomy of human teeth.
Topics: Animals; Dental Pulp; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar
PubMed: 14709218
DOI: 10.1089/104454703322650149 -
International Endodontic Journal Jan 1982
Review
Topics: Age Factors; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Diseases; Dental Pulp Test; Electric Stimulation; Humans; Physical Stimulation; Sensation; Temperature; Thermography
PubMed: 7047409
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.1982.tb01331.x -
Journal of Dental Research Feb 1991Specific antiserum to somatostatin was used for the immunocytochemical detection of this neuropeptide in human dental pulp. Immunoreactive axon varicosities were...
Specific antiserum to somatostatin was used for the immunocytochemical detection of this neuropeptide in human dental pulp. Immunoreactive axon varicosities were observed in the radicular as well as coronal pulp. Fibers displaying somatostatin-like immunoreactivity were detectable within radicular nerve trunks and were found to be associated mainly with blood vessels. Nevertheless, positive fibers with no apparent relation to blood vessels were also observed. No pulp cell was found to be immunoreactive. Previous physiological studies demonstrated that somatostatin may function as a regulatory peptide in feline dental pulp via a pre-synaptic inhibition of substance P release from sensory nerve terminals. It is tempting to speculate that such a mechanism may also be effective in human teeth and may be of value in the regulation of pulpal blood flow and in situations when sensory nerve fibers are activated, e.g., during pulpal inflammation.
Topics: Axons; Dental Pulp; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Peptides; Somatostatin
PubMed: 1671397
DOI: 10.1177/00220345910700021601 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Mar 2015For dental treatment, dentin regeneration is required after a tooth injury with dental pulp exposure. The effects of the water-soluble matrix (WSM) extracted from the...
INTRODUCTION
For dental treatment, dentin regeneration is required after a tooth injury with dental pulp exposure. The effects of the water-soluble matrix (WSM) extracted from the nacreous layer of the bivalve Pinctada maxima on human dental pulp cells in vitro were challenging and useful for clinical application.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The biological activity of the STRO-1-positive human dental pulp cells in response to WSM compared to Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) as a normal control was monitored. The cell survival rate was analyzed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Proteomic profiles among inducers and noninducers with time dependency were compared by using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GeLC-MS/MS).
RESULTS
The human dental pulp cells cultured in nacreous WSM exhibited higher relative cell viability than those in DMEM with similar morphological appearance. Significant changes were found in the relative abundance of 44 proteins in cells after exposure to WSM for 2 weeks. They play a role in cell adhesion, cell proliferation, metabolic process, signal transduction, stress response, transcription, translation, and transport.
CONCLUSION
These results indicate that WSM of P. maxima has the ability to induce proliferation of human dental pulp cells.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This finding initiated the study to evaluate the suitability of nacre as biomaterial for dentistry.
Topics: Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Dental Pulp; Humans; Proteomics; Water
PubMed: 24923583
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-014-1256-8