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Journal of Clinical Periodontology Dec 2016The aim of this systematic review was to establish the efficacy of brushing with and without a dentifrice for dental plaque removal. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
AIMS
The aim of this systematic review was to establish the efficacy of brushing with and without a dentifrice for dental plaque removal.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
MEDLINE-PubMed, Cochrane-CENTRAL, EMBASE and other electronic databases were searched. The inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials and subjects ≥18 years of age with good general health. Studies that evaluated the effect of toothbrushing with a dentifrice compared to brushing without a dentifrice were included. Data were extracted from the eligible studies, and a meta-analysis was performed where feasible.
RESULT
The search was conducted until June 2016 and retrieved 10 eligible publications that included 20 comparisons. On average, 49.2% of plaque was removed when brushing was performed with a dentifrice, and 50.3% of plaque was removed when toothbrushing was performed without a dentifrice. The descriptive analysis indicated that the majority of the comparisons did not show an additional effect of dentifrice use. Regarding the meta-analysis of post-brushing scores, no significant difference was observed between toothbrushing with and without a dentifrice (DiffM 0.00, 95%CI [-0.05: 0.05], p = 0.91). The meta-analysis of incremental data (as means or percentages) supported and strengthened these findings.
CONCLUSION
The cumulative evidence for this systematic review demonstrates that there is moderate certainty that toothbrushing with a dentifrice does not provide an added effect for the mechanical removal of dental plaque.
Topics: Dental Plaque; Dental Plaque Index; Dentifrices; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Toothbrushing; Toothpastes
PubMed: 27513809
DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12615 -
Indian Journal of Pediatrics Nov 2019
Topics: Calcium Carbonate; Child; Congenital Hypothyroidism; Dentifrices; Drug Antagonism; Female; Gastrointestinal Absorption; Humans; Malabsorption Syndromes; Thyrotropin; Thyroxine; Toothpastes
PubMed: 31161419
DOI: 10.1007/s12098-019-02987-4 -
Revue Belge de Medecine Dentaire 1989Actually, there are so many products available on the market and the claims made by the manufacturers are so variable that questioning the choice of a toothpaste became... (Review)
Review
Actually, there are so many products available on the market and the claims made by the manufacturers are so variable that questioning the choice of a toothpaste became self-evident. In the present article one cannot find "which toothpaste" has to be used. The aim of this review is to describe some groups of toothpastes, notably the fluoride toothpastes, the pastes for hypersensitive teeth and the anti-calculus toothpastes. So, this article gives a lot of information on the development of new products with new active components. Although scientific knowledge has expanded, we have to realize that the consumer makes the choice...
Topics: Dentifrices; Humans; Toothpastes
PubMed: 2678300
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Dental Hygiene : JDH 2009Dentifrice was originally used to promote oral hygiene by cleaning teeth. However, with advances in product formulation, it has become a valuable vehicle for the... (Review)
Review
Dentifrice was originally used to promote oral hygiene by cleaning teeth. However, with advances in product formulation, it has become a valuable vehicle for the delivery of agents offering health and cosmetic benefits. Stannous fluoride, introduced in 1955 in dentifrice, is one of the longest established of such agents. The well-known anti-caries efficacy of stannous fluoride is based on its impact on the tooth surfaces and on its antibacterial activity. More recently, the demand for tooth whitening products has increased, and sodium hexametaphosphate has been shown to be helpful in whitening surface stains and in controlling calculus. A dentifrice formulation that combines the benefits of stannous fluoride with those of sodium hexametaphosphate is now available. A review of the evidence shows that in addition to effective anti-caries action, this formulation is effective in fighting plaque, gingivitis, and gingival bleeding while inhibiting calculus and extrinsic stain. A practice-based evaluation including data from over 1,200 dental professionals and 1,000 patients demonstrates the product's benefits and excellent acceptability. Collectively, the research shows this stannous fluoride/sodium hexametaphosphate dentifrice provides multiple benefits to meet the oral health and cosmetic needs of patients.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Cariostatic Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dental Calculus; Dental Caries; Dental Plaque; Dentifrices; Dentin Sensitivity; Drug Combinations; Gingivitis; Humans; Phosphates; Tin Fluorides; Tooth Discoloration
PubMed: 19470232
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Dental Hygiene Feb 2014Based on the existing scientific literature, the effect of chlorhexidine (CHX) dentifrice/gel as compared to a regular or placebo dentifrice/gel is established in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
AIM
Based on the existing scientific literature, the effect of chlorhexidine (CHX) dentifrice/gel as compared to a regular or placebo dentifrice/gel is established in healthy adults on the primary outcome parameters of plaque and gingivitis scores. As secondary parameter, tooth surface discoloration was evaluated as a side effect.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched up to July 2013 to identify eligible studies. Included were (randomized) controlled clinical trials, regarding self-performed brushing by adults without periodontitis with a minimum duration of 4 weeks.
RESULTS
Independent screening of 389 unique titles and abstracts resulted in 16 comparisons. Of these, nine evaluated CHX dentifrice (0.4-1.0%) and 7 CHX gel (0.2-2.0%). It was not possible to perform a meta-analysis; therefore, a descriptive analysis was carried out. Regarding plaque score reduction, the majority of the experiments using a CHX dentifrice provided a significant positive effect. All studies assessing gingival bleeding as parameter for gingivitis observed a significant reduction in favour of CHX dentifrice over placebo dentifrice. Tooth surface discoloration was more pronounced with CHX dentifrice. The combined data concerning parameters of interest for CHX gel compared with a placebo did not show a trend towards a beneficial effect on plaque and bleeding scores.
CONCLUSIONS
Within the limitations of this analysis, it may be concluded that toothbrushing with a CHX gel does not provide conclusive evidence. Brushing with a CHX dentifrice can be effective with regard to the control of plaque and gingivitis. Tooth surface discoloration was observed as side effect, which potentially can have a negative impact on patients' compliance.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chlorhexidine; Dental Plaque; Dental Plaque Index; Dentifrices; Gels; Gingivitis; Humans; Periodontal Index; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tooth Discoloration
PubMed: 24034716
DOI: 10.1111/idh.12050 -
Tidens Tann Jun 1973
Topics: Biguanides; Dentifrices; Oral Hygiene
PubMed: 4515214
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of the American Dental... Nov 2017Tooth discoloration may be caused by intrinsic or extrinsic stains or a combination of both. There are 2 major approaches to removing the stains, including the chemical... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Tooth discoloration may be caused by intrinsic or extrinsic stains or a combination of both. There are 2 major approaches to removing the stains, including the chemical mechanism using peroxides for tooth bleaching and the mechanical mechanism using abrasives in prophylactic pastes and dentifrices to remove stains, resulting in a whitening effect. Attempts have also been made to add a low concentration of peroxides to dentifrices to enhance their abrasive cleaning to remove tooth stains.
TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED
This article provides a review of both in vitro and clinical studies on stain removal and whitening effect of dentifrices containing sodium bicarbonate (baking soda). In recent years, whitening dentifrices have become popular because of little additional effort for use, ease of availability, low cost, and accumulated evidence of clinical efficacy and safety in the literature. Advances in research and technology have led to innovative formulations of dentifrices using baking soda as the sole abrasive or a component of an abrasive system. Baking soda is biologically compatible with acid-buffering capacities, antibacterial at high concentrations, and has a relatively lower abrasivity.
CONCLUSIONS
The evidence available in the literature indicates that baking soda-based dentifrices are effective and safe for tooth stain removal and consequently whitening. A number of clinical studies have also shown that baking soda-based dentifrices are more effective in stain removal and whitening than some non-baking soda-containing dentifrices with a higher abrasivity. So far, research efforts have mainly focused on stain removal and tooth-whitening efficacy and clinical safety of baking soda dentifrices used with manual toothbrushes, with only a few studies investigating their effects using powered toothbrushes, for which further research is encouraged.
PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS
As part of a daily oral hygiene practice, baking soda-based dentifrice is a desirable, alternative or additional measure for tooth stain removal and whitening.
Topics: Dentifrices; Humans; Sodium Bicarbonate; Tooth Bleaching; Tooth Bleaching Agents; Tooth Discoloration
PubMed: 29056186
DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2017.09.006 -
Compendium of Continuing Education in... Apr 2007With an increasing number of toothpastes to choose from, recommending an appropriate dentifrice for patients can be difficult. This article reviews a unique... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
With an increasing number of toothpastes to choose from, recommending an appropriate dentifrice for patients can be difficult. This article reviews a unique triclosan/copolymer/fluoride dentifrice that delivers significant oral health benefits when compared with conventional fluoride dentifrices. Randomized, double-blind studies that compared a triclosan/copolymer/fluoride dentifrice with a regular fluoride dentifrice were selected and reviewed. Studies on plaque, gingivitis, caries, and periodontitis were included if they were at least a 6-month duration. Also reviewed are studies for other clinical parameters such as malodor and calculus. The reviewed studies demonstrated statistically and clinically significant reductions in plaque, gingivitis, periodontal pocketing, calculus, and malodor from the use of the triclosan/copolymer/fluoride dentifrice when compared with a regular fluoride dentifrice. The results of these studies provide a strong basis for clinicians to recommend and promote the use of a triclosan/copolymer/fluoride dentifrice to improve patients' overall oral health.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Cariostatic Agents; Complex Mixtures; Dentifrices; Fluorides; Humans; Maleates; Oral Hygiene; Pharmaceutical Vehicles; Polyethylenes; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Silicic Acid; Toothpastes; Triclosan
PubMed: 17487043
DOI: No ID Found -
Caries Research 2019We evaluated if the low resistance of fluorotic enamel to demineralization could be overcome by fluoride dentifrice (FD) treatment. Paired enamel slabs of sound and...
We evaluated if the low resistance of fluorotic enamel to demineralization could be overcome by fluoride dentifrice (FD) treatment. Paired enamel slabs of sound and fluorotic enamel (n = 20/group) from human teeth presenting Thylstrup and Fejerskov index (TF) scores from 0 to 4 were obtained. Half of the anatomic surface of the enamel slabs was isolated and used as a control (baseline) regarding enamel mineralization and fluoride concentration. The slabs were submitted to a pH-cycling model simulating a high cariogenic challenge, and 2×/day they were treated with placebo dentifrice (PD) or FD (1,100 µg F/g, as NaF). After 10 days, the slabs were cut into two halves. Enamel demineralization was evaluated by cross-sectional microhardness in one half, and the fluoride formed (FF) concentration was determined in the other half. For statistical analysis, the data on net demineralization area (ΔΔS) and FF (µg F/g) were grouped into TF0, TF1-2, and TF3-4, and analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test (α = 5%). The factors studied were TF (0, 1-2, and 3-4) and dentifrice treatment (PD or FD). The effect of the factors was statistically significant for ΔΔS and FF (p < 0.05). In the PD group, the following pattern for ΔΔS was observed: TF3-4 > TF1-2 > TF0 (p < 0.05); however, the groups did not differ (p > 0.05) when FD was used. Regarding FF, the groups treated with PD did not differ (p > 0.05), but the greatest (p < 0.05) FF concentration was found in group TF3-4 treated with FD. These findings suggest that the higher susceptibility of fluorotic enamel to demineralization lesions is decreased by the use of FD.
Topics: Cariostatic Agents; Dental Caries; Dental Enamel; Dentifrices; Fluorides; Hardness; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Tooth Demineralization
PubMed: 31112976
DOI: 10.1159/000499668 -
Caries Research 2001Root caries is a widespread problem and can be quite serious in older populations. The restoration of root carious lesions is often difficult. Compared to enamel caries,... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
Root caries is a widespread problem and can be quite serious in older populations. The restoration of root carious lesions is often difficult. Compared to enamel caries, there has been limited research into the pharmaceutical management of primary root caries lesions (PRCLs), and many of these studies have been carried out in vitro, with limited numbers of clinical trials. Fluoride is presently a cornerstone in dentifrice formulations for cost-effective and anticaries therapy. It is generally accepted that fluoride ions promote remineralization of tooth substances and reduce the rate of demineralization. The use of a dentifrice with a high fluoride content may be considered to reverse PRCLs, since more fluoride is required for the remineralization of roots than for enamel. This paper reviews the effects of dentifrices with high fluoride contents on the management of root caries.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Cariostatic Agents; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Dental Caries; Dental Enamel; Dentifrices; Fluorides; Humans; Root Caries; Tooth Remineralization; Tooth Root
PubMed: 11359061
DOI: 10.1159/000049113