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Journal of the American Dental... Sep 1999According to the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, crowding and irregularity remain a consistent problem for children. Management of space problems... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
According to the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, crowding and irregularity remain a consistent problem for children. Management of space problems continues to play an important role in a dental practice. It also represents an area of major interaction between the primary provider and the specialists. This article attempts to update clinicians on the current knowledge of space management.
DESCRIPTION OF CONDITION
Proper management of space in the primary and mixed dentitions can prevent unnecessary loss in arch length. Diagnosing and treating space problems requires an understanding of the etiology of crowding and the development of the dentition to render treatment for the mild, moderate and severe crowding cases. Most crowding problems with less than 4.5 millimeters can be resolved through preservation of the leeway space, regaining space or limited expansion in the late mixed dentition. In cases with 5 to 9 mm of crowding, some can be approached with expansion after thorough diagnosis and treatment planning. Most of these cases will require extraction of permanent teeth to preserve facial esthetics and the integrity of the supporting soft tissue. Serial extraction or guidance of eruption is reserved for treatment of severe tooth-size/arch-size discrepancies. Due to variations in the timing and extraction sequence depending on the diagnosis, serial extraction should be reserved for those who can complete the treatment successfully.
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
The recommended timing of referring patients with moderate crowding to specialists for treatment is in the late mixed-dentition stage of development. Patients with severe crowding will require earlier evaluation for serial extraction.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Dentition, Mixed; Humans; Incisor; Malocclusion; Odontometry; Palatal Expansion Technique; Serial Extraction; Space Maintenance, Orthodontic; Tooth Extraction; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 10492540
DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.1999.0403 -
Biological Reviews of the Cambridge... May 1988
Review
Topics: Animals; Biological Evolution; Dentition; Mammals; Tooth Abrasion
PubMed: 3042033
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-185x.1988.tb00630.x -
American Journal of Orthodontics and... Dec 1995The purpose of this investigation is to determine the changes in the maxillary and mandibular tooth size-arch length relationship (TSALD) after the complete eruption of...
The purpose of this investigation is to determine the changes in the maxillary and mandibular tooth size-arch length relationship (TSALD) after the complete eruption of the deciduous dentition (mean age = 4.0 years) to the time of eruption of the second molars (mean age = 13.3 years). In addition, an attempt was made to determine whether TSALD in the permanent dentition can be predicted in the deciduous dentition. Records on 35 male and 27 female subjects were evaluated. Each subject had a clinically acceptable occlusion--that is, a normal molar and canine relationship, at the time of eruption of the deciduous and permanent teeth. In addition, each subject had a complete set of data at the two stages of dental development. These selection criteria limited the number of subjects in this investigation to 62. The mesiodistal diameter of all deciduous teeth and their permanent successors, as well as various dental arch width and length parameters, were measured in the deciduous and permanent dentitions. A total of 68 parameters were measured or calculated. Student t tests were used to determine whether significant differences were present between the right and left sides for both male and female subjects. Correlation coefficients r were performed between the deciduous and the corresponding permanent teeth and also for the arch length parameters, as well as TSALD in the two dentitions. Significance was predetermined at the 0.05 level of confidence. Stepwise regression analysis (R2) was used to determine which of the variables in the deciduous dentition could be included in a regression model to determine associations between maxillary and mandibular TSALD in the permanent dentition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Topics: Adolescent; Cephalometry; Child; Child, Preschool; Confidence Intervals; Cuspid; Dental Arch; Dentition; Discriminant Analysis; Female; Forecasting; Humans; Incisor; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Mandible; Maxilla; Molar; Odontometry; Regression Analysis; Sex Factors; Tooth; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 7503038
DOI: 10.1016/s0889-5406(95)70006-4 -
Pediatric Dentistry 2011Anterior crossbite is a sagittal malocclusion occurring in approximately 4 to 5% of children with primary dentition. Although self-correction may occur, treating an...
Anterior crossbite is a sagittal malocclusion occurring in approximately 4 to 5% of children with primary dentition. Although self-correction may occur, treating an anterior crossbite as early as possible has been proposed to prevent problems in the transitional and permanent dentitions. The purpose of this paper is to present an optional restorative treatment used in 3 cases where an anterior crossbite was treated by restoring the primary maxillary incisors with esthetic pediatric strip crowns. In all 3 cases, the crossbite was successfully treated by using the proposed technique over 1 to 2 weeks. A 6-month follow-up showed that the occlusion stabilized into a sagittal normal relationship, permitting normal dentofacial growth and development to continue. The technique presented here can be added to the armamentarium of pediatric dentists and general practitioners to correct anterior crossbites diagnosed in the primary dentition.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Composite Resins; Crowns; Esthetics, Dental; Female; Humans; Incisor; Male; Malocclusion; Maxilla; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 21903002
DOI: No ID Found -
Deutsche Stomatologie May 1973
Topics: Adolescent; Bicuspid; Cuspid; Dentition; Humans; Incisor; Male; Mandible; Maxilla; Molar; Tooth Germ; Tooth, Deciduous; Tooth, Impacted
PubMed: 4515786
DOI: No ID Found -
American Journal of Orthodontics and... Apr 2015Proximal enamel thickness (PET) at the mesial and distal contact areas of the complete permanent dentition has not been previously reported. Anatomic investigation of... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
INTRODUCTION
Proximal enamel thickness (PET) at the mesial and distal contact areas of the complete permanent dentition has not been previously reported. Anatomic investigation of PET is essential for interproximal reduction treatment. Our objectives were to measure the PETs of the complete maxillary and mandibular dentitions at the contact areas, to compare the PETs of adjacent teeth, and to evaluate the vertical position of each contact area.
METHODS
We evaluated 720 extracted teeth; of these, 109 intact teeth were selected. The mesial and distal contact areas were demarcated, and each tooth was embedded in transparent epoxy resin. Blocks were prepared so that the 2 demarcated contact areas were exposed, and 6 measurements were taken and statistically analyzed.
RESULTS
Both jaws showed the same PET pattern characterized by 5 features: PET increased progressively from incisor (0.63 mm) to first molar (1.48 mm). Per tooth, mesial and distal PET did not differ. Total maxillary (26.86 mm) and mandibular (24.52 mm) PETs were similar. Paired PETs at the interproximal interface were similar, with the exception of the lateral incisor-canine interfaces. From incisor to first molar, the contact area becomes located farther gingivally.
CONCLUSIONS
The existing guideline of maximal 0.5-mm interproximal reduction per 2 adjacent teeth should be kept in the anterior region and could be increased to 1 mm in the posterior region, when an equal amount is removed.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Bicuspid; Child; Cuspid; Dental Enamel; Dentin; Enamel Microabrasion; Female; Gingiva; Humans; Incisor; Male; Mandible; Maxilla; Middle Aged; Molar; Odontometry; Tooth Cervix; Tooth Crown; Young Adult
PubMed: 25836003
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2014.11.026 -
Romanian Journal of Morphology and... 2013The term talon cusp refers to a rare developmental dental anomaly characterized by a cusp-like structure projecting from the cingulum area or cement-enamel junction....
The term talon cusp refers to a rare developmental dental anomaly characterized by a cusp-like structure projecting from the cingulum area or cement-enamel junction. This condition can occur in the maxillary and mandibular arches of the primary and permanent dentitions. The purpose of this paper is to report on the presence of talon cusps in the primary dentition of two southern Chinese siblings. The 4 years and 2 months old girl had a talon cusp on her maxillary right primary central incisor, while her 2 years and 9 months old brother had bilateral talon cusps on the maxillary primary central incisors. The presence of this rare dental anomaly in two siblings has scarcely been reported in the literature and this may provide further evidence of a hereditary etiology.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Female; Fused Teeth; Humans; Male; Radiography, Dental; Siblings; Tooth Abnormalities; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 23529333
DOI: No ID Found -
British Medical Journal Jun 1953
Topics: Dentition; Dentition, Permanent; Humans; Tooth; Tooth Eruption
PubMed: 13042287
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.4825.1425 -
Journal of Dental Research Sep 2017Although children with oral clefts have a higher risk for dental anomalies when compared with the general population, prior studies have shown conflicting results...
Although children with oral clefts have a higher risk for dental anomalies when compared with the general population, prior studies have shown conflicting results regarding their dental decay risk. Also, few studies have assessed dental decay risk in unaffected relatives of children with clefts. Thus, the question of increased risk of dental decay in individuals with oral clefts or their unaffected relatives is still open for empirical investigation. This study characterizes dental decay in the largest international cohort to date of children with nonsyndromic clefts and their relatives, as compared with controls, and it addresses whether families with oral clefts have a significantly increased risk for dental decay versus the general population. A total of 3,326 subjects were included: 639 case probands, 1,549 unaffected relatives, and 1,138 controls. Decay was identified from in-person dental examinations or intraoral photographs. Case-control differences were tested with regression analysis. No significant differences were shown in percentage decayed and filled teeth and decayed teeth in the primary dentition (dft, dt) and permanent dentition (DFT, DT) in cases versus controls. In the cleft region, no significant differences were seen in primary or permanent decay (dt, DT) when compared with controls. No difference was found with regard to cleft type and percentage dft, dt, DFT, and DT in case probands. Nonsignificant differences were found in unaffected siblings and parents versus controls (primary and permanent dentitions). Collectively, these findings indicate that individuals with nonsyndromic oral clefts and their families do not have a higher dental decay risk as compared with the general population. These results suggest that either genetic or environmental factors underlying a higher susceptibility for dental anomalies do not increase caries risk or that the seemingly higher risk for dental decay associated with increased dental anomalies in case probands may be superseded by possible greater access to dental care.
Topics: Case-Control Studies; Child; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; DMF Index; Dental Caries; Dentition, Permanent; Disease Susceptibility; Female; Humans; Male; Phenotype; Risk Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 28535364
DOI: 10.1177/0022034517709961 -
Journal of Clinical Periodontology Oct 1994The purpose of this study was to document and characterize epithelial remnants (EPRs) of the crestal periodontium of the deciduous dentition of a diphyodont and compare... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The purpose of this study was to document and characterize epithelial remnants (EPRs) of the crestal periodontium of the deciduous dentition of a diphyodont and compare them with EPR units found in the corresponding area of the permanent dentition. 7 beagle dogs were used. At the age of 10 weeks (deciduous dentition) and 15 months (permanent dentition), respectively, a 6-week plaque control period was initiated. At the end of each plaque control period, biopsies were obtained from the mandibular 02P, 03P (deciduous dentition) and P3, P4 (permanent dentition) premolar regions and prepared for histologic analysis. 2 regions, (1) the supracrestal region and (2) the periodontal ligament region, were identified. The supracrestal region was divided into 4 compartments of equal height. The histologic parameters studied included the (i) EPR frequency: number of EPRs/mm of root length, (ii) EPR size, (iii) EPR-root distance, (iv) EPR-bone distance and (v) cell area. No differences were observed between the 2 dentitions with respect to the number, size and relative location of EPR units in the supracrestal regions or the periodontal ligament regions. Epithelial remnants of the supracrestal region in both dentitions tended to be more frequent, larger and positioned further from the root surface than the EPRs of the periodontal ligament region. EPR units of the periodontal ligament region were located significantly further from the bone in the deciduous dentition than in the permanent dentition. The cell area of EPRs did not differ between the 2 dentitions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Topics: Alveolar Process; Animals; Bicuspid; Cell Count; Connective Tissue; Dental Plaque; Dogs; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Periodontal Ligament; Periodontium; Tooth; Tooth Root; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 7806680
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1994.tb00754.x