-
Journal of Bacteriology Apr 1962Berrah, Ghoulem (Indiana University, Bloomington) and Walter A. Konetzka. Selective and reversible inhibition of the synthesis of bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid by...
Berrah, Ghoulem (Indiana University, Bloomington) and Walter A. Konetzka. Selective and reversible inhibition of the synthesis of bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid by phenethyl alcohol. J. Bacteriol. 83:738-744. 1962.-The selective inhibitory effects of phenethyl alcohol on gram-negative bacteria were confirmed with a variety of species. At a concentration of 0.25%, phenethyl alcohol was bacteriostatic for gram-negative bacteria; gram-positive cells were unaffected. Pseudomonas fluorescens required higher concentrations of the compound for inhibition than did the other gram-negative bacteria, and the gram-positive, acid-fast mycobacteria resembled the majority of gram-negative bacteria in sensitivity. In the presence of phenethyl alcohol, gram-negative cells formed long filaments. There was no net synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in such cells, whereas protein and ribonucleic acid (RNA) syntheses were unaffected. Upon removal of phenethyl alcohol, multiplication of the cells immediately ensued, with concomitant DNA synthesis. Yeast extract stimulated both RNA and protein synthesis in phenethyl alcohol-treated Escherichia coli, but no detectable stimulation of DNA synthesis occurred under these conditions.
Topics: Bacteria; DNA; DNA, Bacterial; Escherichia coli; Phenylethyl Alcohol; RNA
PubMed: 13868303
DOI: 10.1128/jb.83.4.738-744.1962 -
Journal of Bacteriology Jun 1964Mahler, I. (Brandeis University, Waltham, Mass.), M. Cahoon, and J. Marmur. Bacillus subtilis deoxyribonucleic acid transfer in PBS2 transduction. J. Bacteriol....
Mahler, I. (Brandeis University, Waltham, Mass.), M. Cahoon, and J. Marmur. Bacillus subtilis deoxyribonucleic acid transfer in PBS2 transduction. J. Bacteriol. 87:1423-1428. 1964.-Lysates of the general transducing bacteriophage PBS2 grown on Bacillus subtilis SB19 were fractionated by preparative CsCl density-gradient centrifugation. Five distinct and separate bands which varied in their ability to transduce three nutritional markers were obtained by this procedure. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples prepared from unfractionated lysates and from each of the separate bands were examined by analytical CsCl density-gradient centrifugation. In addition to a major band (density, 1.723 g/cc) identified as PBS2 DNA, a satellite band of lighter density was detectable in the nucleic acids obtained from whole lysates and those bands that possessed transducing activity. The biological activity of the purified nucleic acids, determined by transformation experiments, was found to reside in the light satellite band (1.703 g/cc) characteristic of B. subtilis DNA. In view of the correlation between general transducing ability of phage particles and the presence of bacterial DNA which appears not to be physically associated with the phage DNA, it is suggested that transduction by bacteriophage PBS2 does not depend upon areas of homology between the phage genome and the host chromosome but resides in specific particles which have incorporated segments of bacterial DNA.
Topics: Bacillus subtilis; Bacteriophages; Centrifugation, Density Gradient; DNA; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Viral; Research
PubMed: 14188723
DOI: 10.1128/jb.87.6.1423-1428.1964 -
The Journal of Biological Chemistry Nov 1964
THE ENZYMATIC METHYLATION OF RIBONUCLEIC ACID AND DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID. V. PURIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF THE DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID-METHYLATING ACTIVITY OF ESCHERICHIA COLI.
Topics: Alkylation; Carbon Isotopes; Chromatography; Cytosine; DNA; DNA, Bacterial; Enzyme Inhibitors; Escherichia coli; Homocysteine; Methionine; Methylation; Purines; RNA; RNA, Bacterial; Research; Spectrophotometry
PubMed: 14257620
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Biological Chemistry Mar 1960
Topics: Amines; Bacteriophages; DNA; Humans; Polyamines
PubMed: 13793161
DOI: No ID Found -
Infection and Immunity Oct 1974Five of six independent gonococcal isolates have been found to harbor a plasmid pool of covalently closed-circular deoxyribonucleic acid about 2.4 x 10(6) daltons in...
Five of six independent gonococcal isolates have been found to harbor a plasmid pool of covalently closed-circular deoxyribonucleic acid about 2.4 x 10(6) daltons in size. The plasmid species were 0.5-mol fraction of guanine plus cytosine and comprised 6 to 8% of the total gonococcal deoxyribonucleic acid equivalent, to approximately 24 to 32 copies per cell. There was no apparent correlation between the presence of these plasmid species and the in vitro clonal variation of gonococci associated with the loss of pili.
Topics: Autoradiography; Carbon Radioisotopes; Centrifugation, Density Gradient; Cytosine Nucleotides; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Circular; Extrachromosomal Inheritance; Genotype; Guanine Nucleotides; Microscopy, Electron; Molecular Weight; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Tritium
PubMed: 4214778
DOI: 10.1128/iai.10.4.712-717.1974 -
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta Nov 1962
Topics: Bacteria; DNA; DNA, Bacterial; RNA; RNA, Bacterial
PubMed: 13935613
DOI: 10.1016/0926-6550(62)90053-1 -
Nature Apr 1959
Topics: Bacteria; Biochemical Phenomena; Cell Division; DNA
PubMed: 13657059
DOI: 10.1038/1831207a0 -
Materials Science & Engineering. C,... Oct 2015The optoelectronics study of large molecules, particularly π-stacking molecules, such as DNA is really an extremely difficult task. We perform first electronic...
The optoelectronics study of large molecules, particularly π-stacking molecules, such as DNA is really an extremely difficult task. We perform first electronic structure calculations on the heterocyclic bases of 2'-deoxyribonucleic acid based on Lorentz-Fresnel dispersion theory. In the UV-VIS range of spectrum, many of the optoelectronic parameters for DNA four bases namely adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine are calculated and discussed. The results demonstrate that adenine has the highest hyperpolarizability, whereas thymine has the lowest hyperpolarizability. Cytosine has the lower average oscillator energy and the higher lattice energy. Thymine infers the most stable nucleic base with the lower phonon energy. Thymine also has the highest average oscillator energy and the lower lattice energy. Moreover, the four nucleic acid bases have large band gap energies less than 5 eV with a semiconducting behavior. Guanine shows the smallest band gap and the highest Fermi level energy, whereas adenine elucidates the highest band gap energy.
Topics: DNA; Heterocyclic Compounds; Optics and Photonics; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
PubMed: 26117785
DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.05.075 -
Journal of Bacteriology May 1965Venema, G. (Hammersmith Hospital, London, England), R. H. Prtichard, and T. Venema-Schröder. Fate of transforming deoxyribonucleic acid in Bacillus subtilis. J....
Venema, G. (Hammersmith Hospital, London, England), R. H. Prtichard, and T. Venema-Schröder. Fate of transforming deoxyribonucleic acid in Bacillus subtilis. J. Bacteriol. 89:1250-1255. 1965.-Donor deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) introduced into competent recipient cells of Bacillus subtilis undergoes a transient loss of its transforming activity shortly after uptake; transforming activity reappears as a function of time of incubation. Soon after introduction of donor DNA into the cells, joint activity of donor and recipient markers is present; this activity also increases as a function of time of incubation. However, donor marker recovery and appearance of recombinant-type activity have different kinetics, suggesting that recovery of activity of donor DNA after the eclipse phase and integration are separate processes, and that recovery precedes integration. The appearance of recombinant-type activity is independent of DNA synthesis. It is suggested that only one strand of the donor DNA is integrated in transformation. It is, therefore, possible that the eclipse is due to a phase in the transformation process during which the donor DNA is single stranded.
Topics: Bacillus subtilis; DNA; DNA Replication; DNA, Bacterial; Deoxyribonucleases; Genetics; Hot Temperature; Kinetics; Metabolism; Research; Spectrophotometry
PubMed: 14292994
DOI: 10.1128/jb.89.5.1250-1255.1965 -
Computer Methods and Programs in... Jul 2016In the age of information superhighway, big data play a significant role in information processing, extractions, retrieving and management. In computational biology, the...
BACKGROUND
In the age of information superhighway, big data play a significant role in information processing, extractions, retrieving and management. In computational biology, the continuous challenge is to manage the biological data. Data mining techniques are sometimes imperfect for new space and time requirements. Thus, it is critical to process massive amounts of data to retrieve knowledge. The existing software and automated tools to handle big data sets are not sufficient. As a result, an expandable mining technique that enfolds the large storage and processing capability of distributed or parallel processing platforms is essential.
METHOD
In this analysis, a contemporary distributed clustering methodology for imbalance data reduction using k-nearest neighbor (K-NN) classification approach has been introduced. The pivotal objective of this work is to illustrate real training data sets with reduced amount of elements or instances. These reduced amounts of data sets will ensure faster data classification and standard storage management with less sensitivity. However, general data reduction methods cannot manage very big data sets. To minimize these difficulties, a MapReduce-oriented framework is designed using various clusters of automated contents, comprising multiple algorithmic approaches.
RESULTS
To test the proposed approach, a real DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) dataset that consists of 90 million pairs has been used. The proposed model reduces the imbalance data sets from large-scale data sets without loss of its accuracy.
CONCLUSIONS
The obtained results depict that MapReduce based K-NN classifier provided accurate results for big data of DNA.
Topics: Algorithms; DNA; Datasets as Topic; Humans
PubMed: 27265059
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2016.04.005