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Psychiatry Research Jan 2008Depersonalization disorder is defined in the DSM-IV-TR using a single symptom criterion, which does not do justice to the phenomenological complexity of the disorder. In...
Depersonalization disorder is defined in the DSM-IV-TR using a single symptom criterion, which does not do justice to the phenomenological complexity of the disorder. In 394 affected adults, the Cambridge Depersonalization Scale yielded five factors (numbing, unreality of self, perceptual alterations, unreality of surroundings, and temporal disintegration), put forth as symptom criteria for a better diagnosis of depersonalization disorder.
Topics: Depersonalization; Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Female; Humans; Male; Severity of Illness Index; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 17959254
DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2007.07.007 -
Epidemiologia E Psichiatria Sociale 2007
Review
Topics: Depersonalization; Humans; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 18020201
DOI: No ID Found -
Zhurnal Nevropatologii I Psikhiatrii... 1973
Review
Topics: Anxiety; Body Image; Depersonalization; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Hypochondriasis; Perceptual Disorders; Philosophy; Phobic Disorders; Psychopathology; Schizophrenia; Self Concept; Thinking
PubMed: 4590773
DOI: No ID Found -
Southern Medical Journal Dec 1978A prolonged period of depersonalization resolved in this 16-year-old boy with only supportive therapy. Reasons for the depersonalization and withholding of other...
A prolonged period of depersonalization resolved in this 16-year-old boy with only supportive therapy. Reasons for the depersonalization and withholding of other treatment are discussed. Observations are shared of the very intriguing phenomenon of derealization and allied conditions, psychiatric syndromes which are appearing with increasing frequency among so-called "normal adolescents" who indulge in drugs or other experiences which alter the state of consciousness, and among adolescents who survive disasters or harrowing experiences.
Topics: Adult; Depersonalization; Humans; Lebanon; Male; Remission, Spontaneous; Stress, Psychological; Warfare
PubMed: 725644
DOI: 10.1097/00007611-197812000-00041 -
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric... Jun 2015Depersonalization (DP) involves unpleasant experiences of detachment from one's sense of self or unreality in the environment. DP may occur in a broad range of...
BACKGROUND
Depersonalization (DP) involves unpleasant experiences of detachment from one's sense of self or unreality in the environment. DP may occur in a broad range of conditions, among healthy persons due to sleep loss, drug induced, secondary to anxiety disorders or primary in depersonalization disorder. Although DP has an early age of onset, little is known about the prevalence and correlates of DP among adolescents.
METHODS
Between January and June 2011, we conducted a questionnaire-based representative survey of pupils aged 12-18 years in the federal state Rhineland-Palatinate of Germany. The final sample comprised 3,809 pupils. We analyzed the prevalence of depersonalization and its correlates regarding sociodemographic characteristics, substance abuse, global mental distress and resilience factors.
RESULTS
One-third of the sample showed severe global mental distress, and 11.9 % were in the range of clinically significant depersonalization. Depersonalized students were less often living with both parents (67.3 vs. 75.7 %), came more often from an disadvantaged socioeconomic background, had a very severe level of global mental distress (comparable to psychiatric inpatients), were more often smoking and abusing cannabis and they suffered from specific impairments regarding social insecurity, global self-efficacy and active coping abilities.
CONCLUSIONS
Experiences of depersonalization were very common among adolescents and may indicate an increased risk for poor academic achievement and mental health in the long term. Prospective studies are needed to investigate the course and clinical relevance of depersonalization for the development of the adolescents.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Comorbidity; Depersonalization; Female; Germany; Health Surveys; Humans; Male; Marijuana Smoking; Mental Health; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Smoking; Socioeconomic Factors; Stress, Psychological; Students
PubMed: 25201182
DOI: 10.1007/s00127-014-0957-2 -
Psychiatria Danubina Sep 2009It has been found that in patients suffering from unipolar depression, associated depersonalization symptomatology is more intense compared to healthy controls, and also...
BACKGROUND
It has been found that in patients suffering from unipolar depression, associated depersonalization symptomatology is more intense compared to healthy controls, and also that there is a positive correlation between depression and depersonalization. According to data that may be found in the literature, there is a relatively high prevalence of depersonalization symptomatology in unipolar depressions. Our study was aimed at finding whether the presence of depersonalization was related to a specific phenomenological expression of depressive symptomatology in unipolar depression.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
The study included 84 subjects suffering from unipolar depression without psychotic features. Based on the Cambridge Depersonalization Scale (CDS) score, the subjects were divided into two groups - a group with associated depersonalization (CDS>or=70) (40 subjects) and a group with subsyndromal depersonalization (CDS<70) (44 subjects), the later one being treated as a control group. The groups were compared in regard to the intensity of depressive symptomatology, depressive symptoms frequency and the depressive symptoms duration. The General Socio-Demographic Questionnaire, the Cambridge Depersonalization Scale and The Patient Health Questionnaire - 9 were used.
RESULTS
The depressive patients with depersonalization had predominantly severe episodes, almost all patients had feelings of sadness, insomnia, and decrease of energetic potentials. The biggest difference between the groups, in terms of greater number of manifest symptoms in the patients with depersonalization, was for psychomotor disturbances (agitation or retardation), insomnia, decrease of energetic potentials and concentration. At the same time, 75% of the subjects with associated depersonalization had anhedonia, sadness/dysphoria, insomnia and decrease of energetic potentials continuously present. Unlike this group, the control group subjects experienced sadness, appetite problems, concentration and motor behavior changes almost half as frequently. Particularly significant were the differences regarding suicidal thoughts. It was shown that in the group with depersonalization there was a higher percentage of patients with suicidal thoughts, mostly continuously present, which represent a significant suicidal risk factor.
CONCLUSION
Unipolar depression, associated with depersonalization is more severe in its intensity .It has a bigger number of manifest symptoms which have a tendency to continuous duration. A special focus is on the negative impact on the occurrence and lasting presence of suicidal thoughts.
Topics: Adult; Affective Symptoms; Comorbidity; Depersonalization; Depressive Disorder; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Personality Assessment; Psychometrics; Suicide, Attempted; Young Adult
PubMed: 19794348
DOI: No ID Found -
Lancet (London, England) Oct 1964
Topics: Depersonalization; Humans; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 14197168
DOI: No ID Found -
Zeitschrift Fur Kinder- Und... Dec 1998The present study examined how widespread experiences of depersonalization are in adolescence and how they are connected to self-esteem and self-awareness.
OBJECTIVES
The present study examined how widespread experiences of depersonalization are in adolescence and how they are connected to self-esteem and self-awareness.
METHODS
We tested 352 adolescents aged 12 to 16 years by means of standardized questionnaires.
RESULTS
The results show: (1) that the majority of adolescents has had few experiences of depersonalization. (2) We observed clear sex differences in the course of age. Among female adolescents the number of experiences of depersonalization increased with age, whereas among male adolescents the number began to decrease in mid-adolescence. (3) Adolescents whose experiences of depersonalization are intense do not differ from their counterparts in the study with regard to self-esteem; however, their sense of self-awareness is heightened. The results are discussed in respect to the formation of identity in adolescence.
Topics: Adolescent; Awareness; Child; Depersonalization; Female; Humans; Male; Personality Development; Personality Inventory; Self Concept
PubMed: 9880837
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Trauma & Dissociation : the... 2012Depersonalization is a type of dissociation characterized by feelings of unreality and detachment from one's sense of self. Despite a history rich in clinical...
Depersonalization is a type of dissociation characterized by feelings of unreality and detachment from one's sense of self. Despite a history rich in clinical description, the construct of depersonalization has proven difficult to define and measure. Available measures vary substantially in content, and all have relatively limited psychometric support. In this study the content validity, internal consistency, and convergent and discriminant validity of 3 depersonalization measures were compared in a sample of 209 trauma-exposed college students. Measures were the Dissociative Experiences Scale ( E. M. Bernstein & F. W. Putnam, 1986 ), Cambridge Depersonalization Scale (CDS; M. Sierra & G. E. Berrios, 2000 ), and Multiscale Dissociation Inventory (MDI; J. Briere, 2002 ). All 3 measures exhibited adequate to high internal consistency for the depersonalization-derealization items. Based on D. Westen and R. Rosenthal's (2003) procedure for quantifying construct validity, the CDS and MDI demonstrated the best fit with the predicted pattern of correlations with measures of other constructs. The CDS and MDI also demonstrated the strongest evidence of content validity. Overall, the results most strongly support the use of the CDS and MDI for assessing depersonalization in this population.
Topics: Depersonalization; Female; Humans; Male; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychometrics; Reproducibility of Results; Self Disclosure; Students; Universities; Young Adult
PubMed: 22989242
DOI: 10.1080/15299732.2012.678470 -
The International Journal of Clinical... Jan 1997The primary aim of the present study was to investigate the association between spontaneous experiences of depersonalization or derealization (D-D) during panic states... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial
The primary aim of the present study was to investigate the association between spontaneous experiences of depersonalization or derealization (D-D) during panic states and hypnosis in low and highly hypnotizable phobic individuals. Secondarily, the association among level of hypnotizability, capacity for imaginative involvement, and severity of phobic complaints was also assessed. Sixty-four patients with panic disorder with agoraphobia according to the DSM-III-R (American Psychiatric Association, 1987) criteria participated in the study. Proneness to experience D-D during hypnosis was positively related to hypnotizability, but only for agoraphobic patients who had already experienced these perceptual distortions during panic episodes. Correlations of level of hypnotizability and capacity for imaginative involvement with severity of agoraphobic complaints were not significant. These findings suggest that hypnotizability may be a mediating variable between two different, although phenotypically similar, perceptual distortions experienced during panic states and hypnosis. Implications for both theory and clinical practice are discussed.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Agoraphobia; Defense Mechanisms; Depersonalization; Female; Humans; Hypnosis; Male; Middle Aged; Panic Disorder; Perceptual Distortion; Personality Inventory; Reality Testing
PubMed: 8991295
DOI: 10.1080/00207149708416105