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The British Journal of Psychiatry : the... Apr 1988
Topics: Depersonalization; Humans; Hyperventilation
PubMed: 3167426
DOI: 10.1192/bjp.152.4.578a -
The American Journal of Psychiatry Oct 1989
Topics: Depersonalization; Dissociative Disorders; Humans; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 2782496
DOI: No ID Found -
BMC Psychiatry Mar 2024Depersonalization and derealization can occur not just from psychiatric causes but also from various organic etiologies, such as seizures and intracerebral structural...
BACKGROUND
Depersonalization and derealization can occur not just from psychiatric causes but also from various organic etiologies, such as seizures and intracerebral structural abnormalities. However, there have been no previous reported cases to the authors' knowledge detailing isolated depersonalization and derealization in the absence of clinical seizure activity or other psychiatric pathology, as sequelae of structural intracerebral lesions.
CASE PRESENTATION
In this case report, we detail the unique presentation of a 68-year-old woman under the care of palliative medicine who experienced depersonalization and derealization secondary to a metastatic lesion in her temporal lobe, in the parahippocampal gyrus to medial occipitotemporal gyrus region. These symptoms were present in the absence of any clinical seizure activity or other psychiatric symptomatology and largely resolved with the use of steroidal therapy, before returning secondary to disease progression.
CONCLUSIONS
We discuss the relationship among isolated depersonalization and derealization with pathology of the left posterior temporal lobe in the context of this interesting case. This case expands our knowledge of the neurobiology of these phenomena, given the specific localization of the intracerebral pathology and temporal specificity of symptoms relative to tumor growth and treatment course.
Topics: Humans; Female; Aged; Depersonalization; Temporal Lobe; Occipital Lobe; Disease Progression; Seizures
PubMed: 38448871
DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05641-2 -
Journal of Anxiety Disorders Mar 2013The present study aimed at investigating how frequently and intensely depersonalization/derealization symptoms occur during a stressful performance situation in social...
The present study aimed at investigating how frequently and intensely depersonalization/derealization symptoms occur during a stressful performance situation in social phobia patients vs. healthy controls, as well as testing hypotheses about the psychological predictors and consequences of such symptoms. N=54 patients with social phobia and N=34 control participants without mental disorders were examined prior to, during, and after a standardized social performance situation (Trier Social Stress Test, TSST). An adapted version of the Cambridge Depersonalization Scale was applied along with measures of social anxiety, depression, personality, participants' subjective appraisal, safety behaviours, and post-event processing. Depersonalization symptoms were more frequent in social phobia patients (92%) than in controls (52%). Specifically in patients, they were highly positively correlated with safety behaviours and post-event-processing, even after controlling for social anxiety. The role of depersonalization/derealization in the maintenance of social anxiety should be more thoroughly recognized and explored.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Case-Control Studies; Depersonalization; Depressive Disorder; Female; Humans; Male; Phobic Disorders; Stress, Psychological; Young Adult
PubMed: 23434546
DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2013.01.002 -
Journal of Traumatic Stress Apr 2001Our aim was to develop a clinician-rated scale assessing depersonalization severity for use in clinical trials of Depersonalization Disorder and trauma-related disorders...
Our aim was to develop a clinician-rated scale assessing depersonalization severity for use in clinical trials of Depersonalization Disorder and trauma-related disorders in general. The 6-item Depersonalization Severity Scale (DSS) was administered to 63 participants with DSM-IV Depersonalization Disorder as diagnosed by the SCID-D, and its psychometric properties were examined. The sensitivity of the DSS and of the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) to treatment change was assessed in blinded, controlled settings. Individual items were widely distributed across the severity range. Interrater reliability was excellent and internal consistency was moderate. The DSS had high convergent and discriminant validity and was sensitive to treatment change. The DES was also sensitive to treatment change. We recommend piloting the DSS in future treatment trials of trauma-spectrum disorders.
Topics: Adult; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Clomipramine; Depersonalization; Desipramine; Discriminant Analysis; Female; Fluoxetine; Humans; Interview, Psychological; Male; Observer Variation; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychometrics; Sensitivity and Specificity; Severity of Illness Index; Surveys and Questionnaires; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 11469161
DOI: 10.1023/A:1011169019614 -
Comprehensive Psychiatry 2000Panic disorder (PD) has been hypothesized to be a heterogeneous entity, with distinct clinical subgroups. The presence of depersonalization during panic attacks may...
Panic disorder (PD) has been hypothesized to be a heterogeneous entity, with distinct clinical subgroups. The presence of depersonalization during panic attacks may distinguish a specific subgroup of PD. We sought to analyze the differential features of a subgroup of PD patients with depersonalization. A total of 274 patients with PD were assessed and divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of depersonalization. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID-UP-R) was used to assess PD and comorbid disorders. The clinical scales administered included the Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Rating Scale (HARS and HDRS), the Marks and Mathews Fears and Phobia Scale, Panic-Associated Symptom Scale (PASS), and a panic attack symptoms inventory. A total of 66 patients (24.1%) exhibited depersonalization during the attacks. Patients with depersonalization appeared to be younger and had an earlier age at onset. PD was more severe in the depersonalization group (greater number of attacks, worse level of functioning, and higher scores on most self-rating scales). Also, depersonalization patients showed more comorbidity with specific phobia. Our results support the view that PD with depersonalization may be considered a distinct and more severe subcategory of PD.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Depersonalization; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Panic Disorder; Personality Inventory; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
PubMed: 10834625
DOI: 10.1016/s0010-440x(00)90044-0 -
Journal of Trauma & Dissociation : the... 2008Along with psychoform dissociation, somatoform dissociation has been put forth as a core aspect of dissociative states, possibly as reliable as psychoform dissociation...
Along with psychoform dissociation, somatoform dissociation has been put forth as a core aspect of dissociative states, possibly as reliable as psychoform dissociation in the screening for dissociative disorders. The goal of this study was to investigate the prominence and correlates of somatoform dissociation in one of the major Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.) dissociative disorders, depersonalization disorder (DPD). A total of 54 adults with DPD and 47 healthy control participants free of lifetime Axis I and II disorders were administered the 20-item Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire (SDQ) as well as the Dissociative Experiences Scale, the Cambridge Depersonalization Scale, and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form. Somatoform dissociation scores were statistically significantly, but clinically only modestly, elevated in the DPD as compared to the healthy control group. SDQ items significantly elevated in the DPD group were mostly perceptual in nature. Depersonalization scores were significantly correlated with somatoform dissociation in the DPD group, whereas absorption and amnesia scores were not. With respect to childhood interpersonal trauma, although emotional abuse was significantly associated with depersonalization severity, none of the 5 categories of trauma were significantly associated with somatoform dissociation in the DPD group. In conclusion, somatoform dissociation is modest in DPD, and the SDQ is a weak instrument for the screening of dissociation in this disorder, detecting only one third of the sample when using the traditional SDQ cutoff score of 30.
Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Child; Child Abuse; Depersonalization; Dissociative Disorders; Female; Humans; Male; Psychometrics; Severity of Illness Index; Somatoform Disorders; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 19042782
DOI: 10.1080/15299730802139170 -
Depersonalization experiences in undergraduates are related to heightened stress cortisol responses.The Journal of Nervous and Mental... Apr 2007The relationship between dissociative tendencies, as measured with the Dissociative Experiences Scale and its amnesia, absorption/imaginative involvement, and... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The relationship between dissociative tendencies, as measured with the Dissociative Experiences Scale and its amnesia, absorption/imaginative involvement, and depersonalization/derealization subscales, and HPA axis functioning was studied in 2 samples of undergraduate students (N = 58 and 67). Acute stress was induced by means of the Trier Social Stress Test. Subjective and physiological stress (i.e., cortisol) responses were measured. Individuals high on the depersonalization/derealization subscale of the Dissociative Experiences Scale exhibited more pronounced cortisol responses, while individuals high on the absorption subscale showed attenuated responses. Interestingly, subjective stress experiences, as indicated by the Tension-Anxiety subscale of the Profile of Mood States, were positively related to trait dissociation. The present findings illustrate how various types of dissociation (i.e., depersonalization/derealization, absorption) are differentially related to cortisol stress responses.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Belgium; Child Behavior Disorders; Depersonalization; Dissociative Disorders; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Life Change Events; Male; Minors; Netherlands; Personality Inventory; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Refugees; Saliva; Stress, Psychological; Students; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 17435477
DOI: 10.1097/01.nmd.0000253822.60618.60 -
American Journal of Psychoanalysis 1972
Topics: Adolescent; Aggression; Anxiety Disorders; Attitude; Body Image; Cognition Disorders; Conflict, Psychological; Depersonalization; Depression; Emotions; Female; Hallucinations; Humans; Lysergic Acid Diethylamide; Male; Motivation; Schizophrenia; Self Concept; Substance-Related Disorders; Suicide Prevention
PubMed: 5031098
DOI: 10.1007/BF01872483 -
Ceskoslovenska Psychiatrie Jun 1982
Topics: Depersonalization; Humans
PubMed: 7116491
DOI: No ID Found