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Nature Nov 2014
Topics: Animals; Biomedical Research; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Discovery; Humans; Mice; Molecular Targeted Therapy
PubMed: 25391955
DOI: 10.1038/515200a -
Revista de Enfermeria (Barcelona, Spain) May 2000To review the recent advances in the evaluation and treatment procedures for depressive episodes and their repercussions on nursing care. The growing effectiveness of... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
To review the recent advances in the evaluation and treatment procedures for depressive episodes and their repercussions on nursing care. The growing effectiveness of anti-depressive medication, together with the importance provided by community understanding of mental health disorders, have modified the role nurses play in evaluation (Part One in Revista ROL de Enfermeria 23(4):265-270), intervention and follow up (Part Two) for patients suffering from depressive episodes. In this context of change, the therapeutic relationship between nurse and patient has developed into one of the pillars which maintains a correct and long-lasting stabilization of a depressed patient's state of mind.
SOURCES
Cases identified by Medline database referring to nursing treatment of patients suffering from depression, published from 1995 until 1999.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Humans; Nurse-Patient Relations; Psychiatric Nursing; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 10909363
DOI: No ID Found -
Psycho-oncology Jan 2018To investigate whether depressed oncology patients show a specific depressive symptom profile, we compared depression symptoms in depressed cancer patients (CANCER-DEP)... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
To investigate whether depressed oncology patients show a specific depressive symptom profile, we compared depression symptoms in depressed cancer patients (CANCER-DEP) and depressed patients without a chronic somatic disease (NONCANCER-DEP).
METHODS
Of a total of 2493 outpatients from a comprehensive cancer center and a center for psychosocial medicine, 1054 (42.3%) met the DSM-5 criteria for depression, measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire 9. Based on the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 scores, differences in severity of each of the 9 individual DSM-5 depression symptoms between CANCER-DEP (n = 542) and NONCANCER-DEP (n = 512) were examined. Non-depressed cancer patients (CANCER-NONDEP; n = 1216) served as a comparison group for somatic symptoms independent of depression in cancer. To control for depression severity, group comparisons were performed separately for patients with major depression and any depressive disorders.
RESULTS
Depressed cancer patients reported significantly lower levels of the cognitive-emotional depression symptoms "worthlessness" and "suicidal thoughts" than NONCANCER-DEP. Only 1 out of 5 somatic depression symptoms ("changes in appetite") was more pronounced in CANCER-DEP than in NONCANCER-DEP. Confirming previous research, somatic depression symptoms occurred more frequently in CANCER-DEP than in CANCER-NONDEP.
CONCLUSIONS
The lower level of cognitive-emotional symptoms in CANCER-DEP than in NONCANCER-DEP is discussed in relation to different psychosocial phenomena. Our results indicate that somatic depression symptoms are similarly pronounced in CANCER-DEP and NONCANCER-DEP, and that CANCER-DEP show greater somatic depression symptoms than CANCER-NONDEP. The presence of high levels of somatic symptoms should alert clinicians to investigate for a potential comorbid depression in cancer patients.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Comorbidity; Depression; Depressive Disorder, Major; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Outpatients; Severity of Illness Index; Somatoform Disorders
PubMed: 28603908
DOI: 10.1002/pon.4465 -
Pharmacotherapy Mar 2010The rates of major adverse coronary events, including recurrent ischemic events and death, in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) have been shown to be... (Review)
Review
The rates of major adverse coronary events, including recurrent ischemic events and death, in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) have been shown to be significantly increased in patients with depression. In addition, health care costs are higher and health-related quality of life is lower in depressed patients with CAD. Several pathophysiologic mechanisms have been proposed for the association of increased events seen in this population. Studies have focused on antidepressants (specifically, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and mirtazapine), psychotherapy (cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy), and a wide range of other nonpharmacologic interventions. Pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments are known to improve depressive symptoms in patients with CAD, but their effects on outcomes such as mortality and hospital admissions remain controversial. If treatment of depression is warranted, strategies should include sertraline or citalopram, with or without cognitive behavioral therapy, based on the known efficacy and safety of the drugs in this population. Nonpharmacologic therapy such as aerobic exercise has been shown to improve not only depression but also cardiovascular health. When selecting an appropriate antidepressant, clinicians should consider their patients' comorbid conditions and the potential for drug interactions, and treatment should be frequently monitored. Screening for depression in patients with cardiac disease should be instituted on a routine basis by using either case-finding or symptom-triggered approaches. Based on the high prevalence of depression and its known adverse effects in patients with CAD, future research is needed to help determine the role of antidepressants and nonpharmacologic strategies in improving outcomes in patients with both comorbidities.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Behavior Control; Coronary Artery Disease; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Drug Interactions; Drug Monitoring; Exercise; Humans; Psychotherapy; Quality of Life; Risk-Taking; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 20180613
DOI: 10.1592/phco.30.3.304 -
Behavioural Brain Research Nov 2013Although often considered as a mental disorder, depression is best described as a behavioral-neurobiological phenomenon. In addition, although usually reported as a... (Review)
Review
Although often considered as a mental disorder, depression is best described as a behavioral-neurobiological phenomenon. In addition, although usually reported as a unitary diagnosis, major depressive episode is composed of a range of different symptoms that can occur in nearly 1500 possible combinations to fulfill the required diagnostic criterion. To investigate and describe the underlying behavioral and neurobiological substrates of these symptoms, they were clustered into "clinical content" subtypes of depression according to their predominant common behavioral characteristics. These subtypes were then found to possess different neurobiological pathways that argue for different treatment approaches.
Topics: Anhedonia; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Humans
PubMed: 23994546
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.08.030 -
International Journal of Psychiatry in... Nov 2017This study exclusively aimed to clinically assess which symptom pattern discriminates primary depression from depression-secondary to-schizophrenia. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
OBJECTIVES
This study exclusively aimed to clinically assess which symptom pattern discriminates primary depression from depression-secondary to-schizophrenia.
METHODS
A total of 98 patients with primary depression and 71 patients with secondary-to-schizophrenia depression were assessed for identifying the clinical phenomena of depression. Diagnosis of schizophrenia was confirmed by Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Each participant was, however, assessed by Patient Health Questionnaire-9 as well as Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) for possible concurrent depressive symptoms.
RESULTS
Depressed mood, loss of interest, reduced energy and pathological guilt were more common in primary depression, whereas sleep disturbance and guilty ideas of reference were more amounting towards the diagnosis of depression secondary-to-schizophrenia.
CONCLUSIONS
It is clinically hard to differentiate primary from secondary-to-schizophrenia depression, especially in the absence of obvious psychotic symptoms. However, the classical symptoms of depression like subjective depressed mood, anhedonia, reduced energy and pathological guilt are more prominent in the primary depression.
Topics: Adult; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Female; Humans; Male; Schizophrenia; Young Adult
PubMed: 28503978
DOI: 10.1080/13651501.2017.1324036 -
American Family Physician Dec 1988Depressive symptoms may be produced by many drugs and diseases. A physical examination, systems review and medical history should be included in the evaluation of any... (Review)
Review
Depressive symptoms may be produced by many drugs and diseases. A physical examination, systems review and medical history should be included in the evaluation of any patient presenting with depressive symptoms. The same criteria for major depression should be applied to patients in psychiatric and nonpsychiatric settings. Tricyclic agents may be effective in treating depressive symptoms associated with medical illness.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Humans
PubMed: 3057837
DOI: No ID Found -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Apr 2007Affecting 3% of the old-age population and 10-20% of elderly patients with chronic medical illness or dementia, depression is an important health problem in late life....
Affecting 3% of the old-age population and 10-20% of elderly patients with chronic medical illness or dementia, depression is an important health problem in late life. Depression with first onset in late life differs from early-onset depression clinically as well as by more organic cerebral involvement. If untreated, depression in the elderly leads to severe disability and to excess mortality by suicide and by adverse outcome of medical illness. The response to antidepressant drugs in old age is on the same level as in younger age-groups, and as less than 1 in 5 elderly people with depression is diagnosed and treated, there is substantial room for improving the prognosis of old-age depression.
Topics: Age of Onset; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Female; Humans; Male; Prognosis; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 17484848
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Affective Disorders Oct 2014This study examines differences in behavioral characteristics among individuals who are not depressed and individuals with subthreshold depression, and depression.
BACKGROUND
This study examines differences in behavioral characteristics among individuals who are not depressed and individuals with subthreshold depression, and depression.
METHODS
We conducted structured interviews with 111 undergraduate students, who also completed self-report scales. The participants were divided into a non-depression group, a subthreshold depression group, and a depression group based on results of the structured interview and the BDI-II.
RESULTS
There were significant differences in avoidance between depression group and other two groups. Also, for the environmental rewards, there were significant difference between the non-depressed group and the other two groups.
LIMITATIONS
The sample of depressed participants was small. The overall sample consisted only undergraduate students.
CONCLUSIONS
This study reported that there are different behavioral characteristics among non-depression, subthreshold depression, and depression groups. Whereas depression group is characterized by high frequency of avoidance and low environmental rewards, subthreshold depression group is characterized by only low environmental rewards.
Topics: Adolescent; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Female; Humans; Male; Self Report; Severity of Illness Index; Young Adult
PubMed: 25128753
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.07.018 -
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Oct 2016The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of psychological treatments for depression in pre-adolescent children, a disorder affecting 1-2 % of children... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of psychological treatments for depression in pre-adolescent children, a disorder affecting 1-2 % of children in this age range. A systematic review of studies of psychological interventions to treat depressive disorder in pre-adolescent children (aged up to 12-years-old) was carried out. The primary outcome was level of depressive symptoms. Studies were found using Medline, PsycINFO, EMBASE and Web of Knowledge databases and selected on several criteria. Only randomised controlled trials were included. Where individual studies covered a broader age range (usually including adolescents up to age 18 years), authors of those studies were contacted and requested to provide individual patient level data for those aged 12 years and younger. 2822 abstracts were reviewed, and from these 124 full text articles were reviewed, yielding 7 studies for which we were able to access appropriate data for this review. 5 of these studies evaluated cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT). Combined results from these studies suggest that there is a lack of evidence that CBT is better than no treatment [standard mean difference -0.342 (95 % confidence interval -0.961, 0.278)], although the number of participants included in the trials was relatively small. The evidence for efficacy of family therapy and psychodynamic therapy is even more limited. The very limited number of participants in randomised controlled trials means that there is inconclusive evidence for the psychological treatment of depression in children aged 12 years and below. Given the prevalence and significant impact of this disorder, there is an urgent need to establish the effectiveness or otherwise of psychological intervention.
Topics: Child; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Family Therapy; Humans; Psychotherapy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 26969618
DOI: 10.1007/s00787-016-0834-5