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Journal Der Deutschen Dermatologischen... Sep 2020Dermatomyositis (DM) in adults has a prevalence of 6-7 per 100,000 population per year. This dedicated compact overview was prepared due to an increasing incidence as... (Review)
Review
Dermatomyositis (DM) in adults has a prevalence of 6-7 per 100,000 population per year. This dedicated compact overview was prepared due to an increasing incidence as well as an often underestimated systemic involvement and new developments in myositis-specific antibodies (MSA). The spectrum of clinical dermatological and systemic symptoms is described. Related diagnostic procedures are depicted, and therapeutic regimens based on the German S2k guidelines and the current literature are presented. The urgency of an early diagnosis is emphasized as about 30 % of patients with DM manifest a tumor. Etiopathology is often associated with pulmonary fibrosis, and inflammation of myositis can cause irreversible muscle damage. Clinical signs and correct interpretation of serological markers can deliver valuable information on the extent of DM, and provide an indication for further diagnostic procedures, prognosis and choice of therapy.
Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Dermatomyositis; Humans; Prognosis
PubMed: 32985813
DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14267 -
The Journal of Pediatrics Oct 1973
Review
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Animals; Child; Dermatomyositis; Diagnosis, Differential; Enzymes; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Physical Therapy Modalities; Prednisone
PubMed: 4581018
DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(73)80252-5 -
Current Opinion in Rheumatology Nov 2010Clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM) is a unique subset of dermatomyositis, with typical skin manifestations of dermatomyositis but little or no evidence of... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM) is a unique subset of dermatomyositis, with typical skin manifestations of dermatomyositis but little or no evidence of myositis. This review focuses on updates on epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and autoantibody profiles in patients with CADM.
RECENT FINDINGS
A population-based survey of dermatomyositis conducted in the United States revealed that overall age-adjusted and sex-adjusted incidence of CADM was 2.08 per 1 million persons. CADM consisted of approximately 20% of dermatomyositis. In general, late-onset myositis was infrequent. There was no apparent difference in frequency of internal malignancy or interstitial lung disease between CADM and classic dermatomyositis. However, anecdotal and retrospective case reports from eastern Asia showed a relatively high incidence of rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease, which is often fatal, in patients with adult-onset and juvenile-onset CADM. Finally, RNA helicase encoded by melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 was identified as an autoantigen recognized by anti-CADM-140 antibody, which is associated with CADM and rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease.
SUMMARY
CADM is a distinct clinical entity with unique clinical features and autoantibody profiles different from classic dermatomyositis.
Topics: Comorbidity; Dermatomyositis; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Lung Diseases, Interstitial
PubMed: 20827200
DOI: 10.1097/BOR.0b013e32833f1987 -
British Journal of Hospital Medicine... Feb 2012Dermatomyositis is an idiopathic acute inflammatory disorder, characterized by inflammation of skeletal muscle, progressive symmetrical proximal myopathy and classical... (Review)
Review
Dermatomyositis is an idiopathic acute inflammatory disorder, characterized by inflammation of skeletal muscle, progressive symmetrical proximal myopathy and classical cutaneous manifestations. It affects both children and adults, and women more frequently than men. Dermatomyositis is the commonest inflammatory myopathy in all age groups, with an estimated prevalence of 0.6-1.0 per 100 000 (Dalakas and Hohlfeld, 2003). Its association with malignancy mandates a thorough search for underlying neoplasia in all cases.
Topics: Autoantibodies; Dermatomyositis; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Monitoring, Physiologic; Neoplasms; Prognosis
PubMed: 22504710
DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2012.73.sup2.c18 -
Neuromuscular Disorders : NMD Jan 2020
Topics: Autoantibodies; Biomarkers; Congresses as Topic; Dermatomyositis; Humans; Myositis; Netherlands
PubMed: 31791867
DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.10.005 -
Cutis Dec 2022
Topics: Humans; Dermatomyositis; Panniculitis
PubMed: 36735975
DOI: 10.12788/cutis.0675 -
Rheumatology International Jul 2022Dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) are idiopathic inflammatory myopathies characterized by progressive, symmetric, mainly proximal muscle weakness. DM is also... (Review)
Review
Dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) are idiopathic inflammatory myopathies characterized by progressive, symmetric, mainly proximal muscle weakness. DM is also characterized by cutaneous involvement. However, other clinical features, systemic involvement, histopathological findings, response to treatment, and prognosis, differ significantly. Although uncommon, ocular manifestations in DM and PM may potentially affect any structure within the eye. Notwithstanding being generally mild, ocular involvement in DM and PM may result in significant morbidity. Left untreated, significant retinal inflammation associated with hemorrhage and detachment may occur, leading to significant vision loss. This review aims to present an up-to-date overview for rheumatologists about the ocular involvement and potential complications of DM and PM and when to refer to the ophthalmologist to avoid sight-threatening complications.
Topics: Dermatomyositis; Humans; Polymyositis; Prognosis
PubMed: 34674015
DOI: 10.1007/s00296-021-05035-7 -
Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and... Mar 2001Dermatomyositis is a disease that has a characteristic skin eruption that may occur with or without a proximal myopathy. The disease with cutaneous features only is... (Review)
Review
Dermatomyositis is a disease that has a characteristic skin eruption that may occur with or without a proximal myopathy. The disease with cutaneous features only is classified as amyopathic dermatomyositis. The origin is unknown, but autoimmune factors are believed to play an important role. Autoantibodies are found in most patients and some have myositis-specific antibodies. Systemic changes may occur and there appears to be a relationship to internal malignancy, particularly in older patients. Juvenile disease has an associated vasculopathy. Treatment includes systemic corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive agents. The cutaneous changes may be difficult to treat.
Topics: Dermatomyositis; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Polymyositis; Prognosis
PubMed: 11308135
DOI: 10.1053/sder.2001.23095 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Dec 1998Dermatomyositis is a rare inflammatory myopathy with characteristic skin manifestations and muscular weakness. The disease can be categorized as adult idiopathic,... (Review)
Review
Dermatomyositis is a rare inflammatory myopathy with characteristic skin manifestations and muscular weakness. The disease can be categorized as adult idiopathic, juvenile, or amyopathic dermatomyositis as well as that associated with a connective tissue disease or a malignancy. Immunologic factors are most likely involved in the pathogenesis of the disease; however, genetic and environmental issues may also play important roles. Treatment with immunosuppressive agents has proved successful in the majority of patients, although significant morbidity still occurs.
Topics: Autoantibodies; Dermatomyositis; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Prognosis
PubMed: 9843002
DOI: 10.1016/s0190-9622(98)70263-4 -
Disease-a-month : DM May 1987Dermatomyositis and polymyositis are related disorders of unknown cause in which immunologic changes may be important. They sometimes overlap with other collagen... (Review)
Review
Dermatomyositis and polymyositis are related disorders of unknown cause in which immunologic changes may be important. They sometimes overlap with other collagen vascular diseases, and not infrequently are associated with malignancy. The clinical features of the adult and juvenile forms of the disorder and the visceral manifestations of DM-PM are outlined, along with enzymatic, electromyographic, and histologic aids to diagnosis. While the cutaneous lesions often are resistant to treatment, systemic involvement may respond to corticosteroids or to immunosuppressive drugs. Treatment definitely alters the prognosis in cases not associated with malignancy.
Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Child; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Dermatomyositis; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Muscles; Myositis; Prognosis
PubMed: 3556110
DOI: 10.1016/0011-5029(87)90022-8