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The Medical Annals of the District of... Nov 1946
Topics: Contraception; Contraceptive Agents; Contraceptive Devices, Female; Diaphragm; Female; Humans
PubMed: 20285412
DOI: No ID Found -
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Jan 2005Women who are the most vulnerable to sexually transmitted diseases/HIV are often unable to consistently use condoms. One potential alternative method currently under...
BACKGROUND
Women who are the most vulnerable to sexually transmitted diseases/HIV are often unable to consistently use condoms. One potential alternative method currently under investigation is the diaphragm.
GOALS
The goals of this study were to assess diaphragm uptake and use over time in Zimbabwe and to identify factors associated with self-reported consistent diaphragm use.
STUDY
Women attending family planning clinics who were inconsistent condom users received a diaphragm intervention and were followed for 6 months.
RESULTS
Of the 186 participants, 99% ever reported using the diaphragm, and, at study exit, 96% had used it in the previous 2 months. Consistent diaphragm use since the previous visit was reported by 13% to 16% of the women, and in multivariate regression analysis, it was significantly associated with never using condoms (adjusted odds ratio, 24.08; 95% confidence interval, 6.71-86.34). Other factors included discreet use, preferring diaphragms to condoms, timing of insertion, domestic violence, and contraception.
CONCLUSION
Diaphragms were well accepted among women at risk for sexually transmitted diseases/HIV.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Condoms; Contraceptive Devices, Female; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Middle Aged; Patient Acceptance of Health Care; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Zimbabwe
PubMed: 15614123
DOI: 10.1097/01.olq.0000148301.90343.3a -
Contraception Oct 1982In this review the authors describe ways in which particular disabilities may affect sexual performance, fertility, menstruation and pregnancy. The special contraceptive... (Review)
Review
In this review the authors describe ways in which particular disabilities may affect sexual performance, fertility, menstruation and pregnancy. The special contraceptive needs of people with various physical and mental disabilities are discussed, with each method of contraception being discussed together with its indications for use by people with various disabilities. The authors conclude that if family planning services are to be improved for people with disabilities, those providing the services must increase their awareness and acceptance of sexuality in disabled people.
Topics: Contraception; Contraceptive Devices, Female; Contraceptive Devices, Male; Contraceptives, Oral; Delayed-Action Preparations; Disabled Persons; Family Planning Services; Female; Fertility; Humans; Hysterectomy; Informed Consent; Intellectual Disability; Intrauterine Devices; Male; Medroxyprogesterone; Menstruation; Mental Disorders; Sexual Abstinence; Sexual Behavior; Spermatocidal Agents; Sterilization, Reproductive
PubMed: 6217948
DOI: 10.1016/0010-7824(82)90106-8 -
Journal of the American College Health... Apr 1980
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Contraceptive Devices, Female; Female; Humans; Students; Universities
PubMed: 7365154
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal de Radiologie, D'electrologie &... 1955
Topics: Abdominal Muscles; Contraceptive Devices, Female; Diaphragm; Female; Humans; Radiography
PubMed: 13307565
DOI: No ID Found -
La Riforma Medica Mar 1965
Review
Topics: Abdominal Muscles; Contraceptive Devices, Female; Diaphragm; Diaphragmatic Eventration; Female; Hernia, Diaphragmatic; Hernia, Hiatal; Humans
PubMed: 14339212
DOI: No ID Found -
Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica... Apr 1992Our knowledge about the safety, the incidence of side effects, and the effectiveness of contraceptive methods for women in premenopause, or during the last decade of... (Review)
Review
Our knowledge about the safety, the incidence of side effects, and the effectiveness of contraceptive methods for women in premenopause, or during the last decade of their reproductive life, has not been a primary interest for research and development in fertility control. The main purpose of trials for the evaluation of new contraceptive methods is to test their effectiveness, and therefore only women below 38 years of age are accepted. Furthermore, when new methods are being tested, only healthy women are accepted, and those having health problems of almost any kind are excluded. Therefore our knowledge about the contraceptive methods in women over 40 years of age is scanty and comes from trials with a long-lasting follow-up on healthy women who can use the method without problems until they are 45 or reach menopause. We have very limited reported information on the use of contraceptives by women who have cardiovascular disease, diabetes, liver problems, etc. Therefore the main body of experience in this review comes from healthy women between 35 and 44. On the other hand, one should remember that these women have a high motivation to use contraceptive methods and therefore the continuation rate in the trials is high. This compensates for the relatively small number of acceptors by giving more women-years in follow-up. Continuation rate and the proper use of methods are directly correlated to increase in age, socioeconomical status, and to education of users. Highly educated women in this age group have very low failure rate with almost any method.
Topics: Adult; Clinical Trials as Topic; Contraception Behavior; Contraceptive Agents, Female; Contraceptive Devices, Female; Female; Humans; Intrauterine Devices, Copper; Intrauterine Devices, Medicated; Pregnancy
PubMed: 1317637
DOI: 10.3109/00016349209009913 -
The Journal of Thoracic Surgery Jun 1956
Topics: Abdominal Muscles; Contraceptive Devices, Female; Diaphragm; Female; Humans; Neoplasms; Neurilemmoma
PubMed: 13320560
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Epidemiology Sep 1987We have examined factors influencing the rate of first referral to hospital for urinary tract infection among the 17,032 women taking part in the Oxford Family Planning...
We have examined factors influencing the rate of first referral to hospital for urinary tract infection among the 17,032 women taking part in the Oxford Family Planning Association contraceptive study. The risk of first referral declined with age, was higher in nulliparous women than in parous women, was higher in non-obese than in obese women and was higher in current users of the diaphragm than in current users of other methods or no method of contraception. The main increase in the risk of referral in current diaphragm users occurred during the first 24 months when overall rates were 2-3 times higher in users than in non-users or ex-users of the diaphragm. The negative association between hospital referral for urinary tract infection and obesity was unexpected. It was not explicable in terms of age, parity or diaphragm use. It may be that obese women are less likely to receive trauma to the genital area during sexual intercourse than non-obese women because adipose tissue offers them some protection. Another possibility is that increased oestrogenization in obese women, resulting from peripheral conversion of androstenedione to oestrone, has a beneficial effect on the bladder and urethra, thus reducing the liability to infection.
Topics: Adult; Contraceptive Devices, Female; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Obesity; Parity; Risk Factors; Urinary Tract Infections
PubMed: 3667045
DOI: 10.1093/ije/16.3.441 -
JOGN Nursing; Journal of Obstetric,... 1979A striking increase observed in the demand for the diaphragm method at a contraception clinic for university women was documented by means of a record review and...
A striking increase observed in the demand for the diaphragm method at a contraception clinic for university women was documented by means of a record review and questionnaire. Record reviews completed at the conclusion of each semester from December 1973 to December 1976 showed a statistically significant increase in diaphragm acceptors. In the fall semester of 1976, diaphragm acceptors (49% of 151 patients) surpassed pill acceptors (46%). Data from 123 questionnaires revealed that concern for pill and IUD side effects was the primary reason for diaphragm choice. The study numbers are small, but a definite trend is evident. These educated young women may be forerunners, and an increase in diagphragm use in the general population may be seen in the near future.
Topics: Contraceptive Devices, Female; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Humans; New York; Pregnancy; Student Health Services
PubMed: 258677
DOI: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.1979.tb00962.x