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Cancer Treatment Reports Jun 1984
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Agents; Aziridines; Azirines; Benzoquinones; Brain Neoplasms; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intra-Arterial; Infusions, Parenteral; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 6733706
DOI: No ID Found -
Cancer Research Aug 1987Cell strains derived by culture of malignant glioma (astrocytoma grade III-IV) surgical specimens were tested for the production of DNA interstrand cross-links (ISC) and... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Cell strains derived by culture of malignant glioma (astrocytoma grade III-IV) surgical specimens were tested for the production of DNA interstrand cross-links (ISC) and DNA-protein cross-links following treatment in vitro with 1-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU, carmustine), 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(2,6-dioxo-1-piperidyl)-1-nitrosourea (PCNU), cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (cisplatin), and 3,6-diaziridinyl-2,5-bis(carboethoxyamino)-1,4-benzoquinone (diaziquone). ISC and DNA-protein crosslinks were measured by means of the DNA alkaline elution technique. Large differences among the cell strains were observed in DNA cross-linking responses to individual agents. The DNA responses to the chloroethylnitrosoureas, cisplatin, and diaziquone were largely independent of each other, except for a weak correlation between ISC responses to chloroethylnitrosoureas were distributed bimodally, in accord with a phenotypic distinction between Mer+ and Mer- cells. ISC responses to cisplatin and diaziquone showed significant variation among cell strains, but the distributions were not bimodal. The results demonstrate the existence of diverse DNA cross-linking response patterns among cell strains from different tumors of a given histological type.
Topics: Aziridines; Benzoquinones; Brain Neoplasms; Carmustine; Cells, Cultured; Cisplatin; Cross-Linking Reagents; DNA Damage; DNA, Neoplasm; Drug Resistance; Ethylnitrosourea; Glioblastoma; Humans; Neoplasm Proteins; Nitrosourea Compounds
PubMed: 3038305
DOI: No ID Found -
Cancer Treatment Reports Dec 1987
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Aziridines; Azirines; Benzoquinones; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 3690548
DOI: No ID Found -
American Journal of Clinical Oncology Oct 1986Seventeen patients with pancreatic carcinoma and 30 patients with gastric carcinoma were treated with diaziquone on days 1 and 8 of repeated 4-week courses. No objective...
Seventeen patients with pancreatic carcinoma and 30 patients with gastric carcinoma were treated with diaziquone on days 1 and 8 of repeated 4-week courses. No objective responses were seen. Toxicity was primarily myelosuppression, nausea, and vomiting. Since only 10 chemotherapy-naive patients were treated in each disease category, we do not regard this as a definitive trial, but our experience suggests that this dose schedule is not likely to be useful in these types of cancer.
Topics: Aged; Aziridines; Azirines; Benzoquinones; Carcinoma; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Stomach Neoplasms
PubMed: 3776902
DOI: 10.1097/00000421-198610000-00008 -
Cancer Treatment Reports Jan 1985
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Agents; Aziridines; Azirines; Benzoquinones; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Leukocyte Count; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; Nausea; Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms; Platelet Count
PubMed: 3967258
DOI: No ID Found -
Scientific Reports Mar 2023The study aimed to determine the resilience of multi-ethnic, multi-cultural adolescent students in cosmopolitan Singapore, their coping abilities, and the impact on...
The study aimed to determine the resilience of multi-ethnic, multi-cultural adolescent students in cosmopolitan Singapore, their coping abilities, and the impact on their social and physical activities during the COVID-19 pandemic and its association with their resilience. A total of 582 adolescents in post-secondary education institutes completed an online survey from June to November 2021. The survey assessed their sociodemographic status, resilience level using the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) and Hardy-Gill Resilience Scale (HGRS), the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their daily activities, life settings, social life, social interactions, and coping ability in these aspects of life. Poor ability to cope with school life (adjusted beta = - 0.163, 95% CI - 1.928 to 0.639, p < 0.001), staying home (adjusted beta = - 0.108, 95% CI = - 1.611 to - 0.126, p = 0.022), sports (adjusted beta = - 0.116, 95% CI - 1.691 to - 0.197, p = 0.013) and friends (adjusted beta = - 0.143, 95% CI - 1.904 to - 0.363, p = 0.004) were associated with statistically significant low resilience level measured with HGRS. About half and a third of the participants reported normal and low resilience, respectively, based on BRS (59.6%/32.7%) and HGRS (49.0%/29.0%) scores. Adolescents of Chinese ethnicity and low socioeconomic status had comparatively lower resilience scores. Approximately half of the adolescents in this study had normal resilience despite the COVID-19 pandemic. Adolescents with lower resilience tended to have lower coping abilities. The study did not compare changes in the social life and coping behaviour of the adolescents due to COVID-19, as data on these aspects prior to the pandemic was unavailable.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; COVID-19; Pandemics; Income; Low Socioeconomic Status; Adaptation, Psychological
PubMed: 36906711
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31147-0 -
Cancer Research Jan 1987Diaziquone (AZQ) (NSC 182986), a lipid-soluble benzoquinone derivative, is presently being tested in a Phase III clinical trial to determine its efficacy in patients... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial
Diaziquone (AZQ) (NSC 182986), a lipid-soluble benzoquinone derivative, is presently being tested in a Phase III clinical trial to determine its efficacy in patients with anaplastic gliomas compared to the more standard 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) treatment following whole-brain irradiation. These patients on single-drug chemotherapy allowed us to evaluate the effects of each agent on sister chromatid exchange (SCE) induction in vivo. Eight weeks following the final radiation treatment, patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: (a) 200 mg BCNU/m2, i.v., every 8 weeks; of (b) 15 mg AZQ/m2/day, i.v., for 3 consecutive days, every 4 weeks. Blood (5-10 ml) was drawn by venipuncture before treatment, within 10 h after treatment, and for two BCNU-treated patients at various other times. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured by standard techniques for analysis of SCE. Eight weeks after irradiation but before chemotherapy, the mean SCE frequency in the patients' peripheral blood lymphocytes was 9.6 SCEs/metaphase. Following treatment with AZQ or BCNU, the baseline SCE frequency was increased more than 2-fold or 3-fold, respectively. Two months after BCNU treatment, there was less than a 25% reduction in SCE levels compared to samples taken and cultured within 10 h after treatment. These data show that lesions leading to SCE in human peripheral blood lymphocytes are relatively longlived, and that on a mg/m2 basis, AZQ is a more potent inducer of SCE in vivo than is BCNU.
Topics: Aziridines; Azirines; Benzoquinones; Brain Neoplasms; Carmustine; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Glioma; Humans; Lymphocytes; Male; Radiation, Ionizing; Sister Chromatid Exchange; Time Factors
PubMed: 3791247
DOI: No ID Found -
Cancer Research Oct 1984AZQ had been found to produce DNA strand breaks and interstrand cross-links in intact cells; evidence had indicated that these two DNA lesions arise by different...
AZQ had been found to produce DNA strand breaks and interstrand cross-links in intact cells; evidence had indicated that these two DNA lesions arise by different chemical mechanisms and vary independently in degree in different cell types. In the present work, the mechanisms of the production of DNA strand breaks and interstrand cross-links by AZQ were studied in isolated cell nuclei. This system avoided the problem of poor penetration of test substances into cells. The DNA lesions were measured by means of the alkaline elution technique. It was found that the production of DNA strand breaks by AZQ in isolated nuclei required the addition of a reducing agent such as NADPH and was almost completely prevented by superoxide dismutase. This indicates that the mechanism of DNA strand breakage involves transfer of an electron from a reduced form of AZQ to molecular oxygen. Unexpectedly, interstrand cross-linking also was enhanced greatly by previous reduction of AZQ by NADPH or NaBH4. However, this reaction was not inhibited by superoxide dismutase. General alkylating activity of AZQ also was stimulated by reduction; the pH-dependence of this reaction was determined. The mechanism of DNA interstrand cross-linking by AZQ was surmised to stem from alkylation reactions of the two aziridine groups. The findings suggest the possibility that AZQ or related compounds may function as bioreductive alkylating agents which might be selectively toxic to hypoxic tissues.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Aziridines; Azirines; Benzoquinones; Cell Line; Cell Nucleus; DNA; DNA Replication; Embryo, Mammalian; Free Radicals; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; NADP; Oxidation-Reduction; Superoxide Dismutase
PubMed: 6467205
DOI: No ID Found -
The American Journal of Pediatric... 1988Diaziquone (aziridinylbenzoquinone, AZQ) was given by 30-min infusion at 25 mg/m2/day on a daily x 5 schedule to 16 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in...
Diaziquone (aziridinylbenzoquinone, AZQ) was given by 30-min infusion at 25 mg/m2/day on a daily x 5 schedule to 16 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in bone marrow relapse, 16 children with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) in bone marrow relapse, and 1 child with chronic myelocytic leukemia in blast crisis. None of the children achieved bone marrow remission. Five children (four with ALL and one with ANLL) were also evaluable for the response of central nervous system leukemia; all had a significant reduction in the cerebrospinal fluid blast count. Mild transient transaminase elevation was commonly seen. Grade 3 and 4 hyperbilirubinemia was seen in association with sepsis. AZQ was ineffective for induction of bone marrow remission as utilized in this study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antineoplastic Agents; Aziridines; Azirines; Benzoquinones; Bone Marrow Diseases; Brain Neoplasms; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Infant; Leukemia; Male
PubMed: 3189713
DOI: 10.1097/00043426-198821000-00005 -
Cancer Treatment Reports Jun 1985
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Agents; Aziridines; Azirines; Benzoquinones; Colonic Neoplasms; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neutropenia; Thrombocytopenia
PubMed: 4016775
DOI: No ID Found