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Physiological Research 2000The effect of low-salt diet on phospholipid composition and remodeling was examined in rat colon which represents a mineralocorticoid target tissue. To elucidate this...
The effect of low-salt diet on phospholipid composition and remodeling was examined in rat colon which represents a mineralocorticoid target tissue. To elucidate this question, male Wistar rats were fed a low-salt diet and drank distilled water (LS, low-salt group) or saline instead of water (HS, high-salt group) for 12 days before the phospholipid concentration and fatty acid composition of isolated colonocytes were examined. The dietary regimens significantly influenced the plasma concentration of aldosterone which was high in LS group and almost zero in HS group. Plasma concentration of corticosterone was unchanged. When expressed in terms of cellular protein content, a significantly higher concentration of phospholipids was found in LS group, with the exception of sphingomyelin (SM) and phosphatidylserine (PS). Phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) accounted for more than 70% of total phospholipids in both groups. A comparison of phospholipid distribution in LS and HS groups demonstrated a higher percentage of PE and a small, but significant, decrease of PC and SM in LS group. The percentage of phosphatidylinositol (PI), PS and cardiolipin (CL) were not affected by mineralocorticoid treatment. With respect to the major phospholipids (PE, PC), a higher level of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and lower levels of monounsaturated fatty acids were detected in PC of LS group. The increase of PUFA predominantly reflected an increase in arachidonic acid by 53%. In comparison to the HS group, oleic acid content was decreased in PC and PE isolated from colonocytes of the LS group. Our data indicate that alterations in phospholipid concentration and metabolism can be detected in rats with secondary hyperaldosteronism. The changes in phospholipid concentration and their fatty acid composition during fully developed effect of low dietary Na+ intake may reflect a physiologically important phenomenon with long-term consequences for membrane structure and function.
Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Colon; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Fatty Acids; Male; Oleic Acid; Osmolar Concentration; Phosphatidylcholines; Phosphatidylethanolamines; Phospholipids; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sphingomyelins
PubMed: 10984084
DOI: No ID Found -
Progress in Lipid Research 1981
Topics: Animals; Animals, Zoo; Diet; Dolphins; Fishes; Liver; Muscles; Nutrition Disorders; Phospholipids
PubMed: 7342091
DOI: 10.1016/0163-7827(81)90050-3 -
Journal of Nutritional Science and... 2018Dietary intake of total phospholipids (PLs) accounts for approximately 10% of total dietary lipids. Each PL molecular class has various beneficial effects on health....
Dietary intake of total phospholipids (PLs) accounts for approximately 10% of total dietary lipids. Each PL molecular class has various beneficial effects on health. However, limited information is available regarding the intake of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylserine (PS), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and sphingomyelin (SM) among Japanese people, and the relevant food sources. In this study, we quantified the contents of PC, PE, PI, PS, LPC, and SM in 120 meal samples served in a Japanese company's dormitory and cafeteria. Additionally, we measured the weight of each food group and estimated the contents of nutrients in these meals. Furthermore, we conducted a stepwise multiple regression analysis to identify predictors (food groups) of each PL class intake. The contents of total PL, PC, PE, PI+PS, LPC, and SM (mean value) were 4.44, 2.17, 0.632, 0.123, 0.313, and 0.127 g/d, respectively. These values were considered as daily PL intake in accordance with data (three macronutrients, vitamins, and minerals) from our study and the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHNS) Japan, 2015. The content of eggs, meat, fish and shellfish, milk, pulses, fruits, mushrooms, cereals, and fats and oils in the meals predicted the PL and PC contents. The content of eggs, pulses, and mushrooms in the meals predicted the PE contents. Our results determined the daily intake of PL molecular classes among Japanese people and the food sources of PC and PE, and suggested that multiple regression analysis is useful for the prediction of food sources of bioactive components.
Topics: Diet; Diet Surveys; Dietary Fats; Energy Intake; Food; Humans; Japan; Meals; Nutrition Surveys; Nutritive Value; Phosphatidylcholines; Phosphatidylethanolamines; Phospholipids; Regression Analysis
PubMed: 29962433
DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.64.215 -
The British Journal of Nutrition May 2021Feeding mice in early life a diet containing an experimental infant milk formula (Nuturis®; eIMF), with a lipid structure similar to human milk, transiently lowered...
An early-life diet containing large phospholipid-coated lipid globules programmes later-life postabsorptive lipid trafficking in high-fat diet- but not in low-fat diet-fed mice.
Feeding mice in early life a diet containing an experimental infant milk formula (Nuturis®; eIMF), with a lipid structure similar to human milk, transiently lowered body weight (BW) and fat mass gain upon Western-style diet later in life, when compared with mice fed diets based on control IMF (cIMF). We tested the hypothesis that early-life eIMF feeding alters the absorption or the postabsorptive trafficking of dietary lipids in later life. Male C57BL/6JOlaHsd mice were fed eIMF/cIMF from postnatal day 16-42, followed by low- (LFD, American Institute of Nutrition (AIN)-93 G, 7 wt% fat) or high-fat diet (HFD, D12451, 24 wt% fat) until day 63-70. Lipid absorption rate and tissue concentrations were determined after intragastric administration of stable isotope (2H or 13C) labelled lipids in separate groups. Lipid enrichments in plasma and tissues were analysed using GC-MS. The rate of triolein absorption was similar between eIMF and cIMF fed LFD: 3·2 (sd 1·8) and 3·9 (sd 2·1) and HFD: 2·6 (sd 1·7) and 3·8 (sd 3·0) % dose/ml per h. Postabsorptive lipid trafficking, that is, concentrations of absorbed lipids in tissues, was similar in the eIMF and cIMF groups after LFD. Tissue levels of absorbed TAG after HFD feeding were lower in heart (-42 %) and liver (-46 %), and higher in muscle (+81 %, all P < 0·05) in eIMF-fed mice. In conclusion, early-life IMF diet affected postabsorptive trafficking of absorbed lipids after HFD, but not LFD. Changes in postabsorptive lipid trafficking could underlie the observed lower BW and body fat accumulation in later life upon a persistent long-term obesogenic challenge.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Diet, Fat-Restricted; Diet, High-Fat; Dietary Fats; Glycolipids; Glycoproteins; Humans; Infant; Infant Formula; Intestinal Absorption; Lipid Droplets; Lipid Metabolism; Liver; Male; Mice; Muscles; Myocardium; Phospholipids
PubMed: 32616081
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114520002421 -
The American Journal of Clinical... Apr 2010The overall consumption of trans fatty acids (TFAs) increases the risk of coronary artery disease. However, multiple TFA isomers exist, each with potentially different...
BACKGROUND
The overall consumption of trans fatty acids (TFAs) increases the risk of coronary artery disease. However, multiple TFA isomers exist, each with potentially different health effects. Different food sources of these specific TFA isomers are not well established.
OBJECTIVE
Our objective was to determine the major independent food sources of specific TFA isomers.
DESIGN
We investigated relations of major potential food sources of TFAs, as assessed by serial food-frequency questionnaires, with 10 plasma phospholipid TFA isomers [5 trans (t-) 18:1, 3 t-18:2, and 2 t-16:1] in 3330 older adults in the Cardiovascular Health Study, a community-based multicenter cohort. Stepwise regression was used to identify independent major food sources of individual plasma phospholipid TFA isomers, which were adjusted for demographic, lifestyle, and dietary factors.
RESULTS
All 5 t-18:1 isomers were similarly associated with foods commonly made with partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (PHVOs), including biscuits (0.51 higher SD of total 18:1 fatty acid concentrations per serving/d, P < 0.01), chips and/or popcorn (0.33 higher SD per serving/d, P = 0.02), margarine (0.32 higher SD per serving/d, P < 0.001), fried foods (0.32 higher SD per serving/d, P = 0.04), and bakery foods (0.23 higher SD per serving/d, P = 0.02). Each of the t-18:2 isomers were associated only with bakery foods (0.50 higher SD of total 18:2 fatty acid concentrations per serving/d, P < 0.001). Ruminant foods were major correlates of t-16:1n-7, including red meats (0.72 higher SD per serving/d, P < 0.001), butter (0.43 higher SD per serving/d, P < 0.001), and higher-fat dairy (0.37 higher SD per serving/d, P < 0.001). In contrast, t-16:1n-9 were derived mainly from margarine (0.31 higher SD per serving/d, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
t-18:1 Isomers are similarly derived from multiple PHVO-containing foods. In contrast, t-18:2 and t-16:1n-9 isomers are derived from more-specific types of PHVO-containing foods. Ruminant foods are major sources of t-16:1n-7. Different TFA isomers and dietary sources should be considered when investigating health effects and interventions to lower TFAs.
Topics: Aged; Cardiovascular System; Diet; Diet Surveys; Dietary Fats; Female; Food Analysis; Health; Humans; Hydrogenation; Isomerism; Male; Phospholipids; Plant Oils; Regression Analysis; Surveys and Questionnaires; Trans Fatty Acids
PubMed: 20219966
DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28877 -
Journal of Lipid Research Nov 1967The composition of the phospholipids and of the total phospholipid fatty acids was determined in the plasma of 10 normal subjects. In addition the fatty acid composition...
The composition of the phospholipids and of the total phospholipid fatty acids was determined in the plasma of 10 normal subjects. In addition the fatty acid composition of the plasma phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl serine, lecithin, sphingomyelin, and lysolecithin of 6 of the subjects was measured. A wide array of fatty acids was found in the plasma total phospholipid similar to that found previously in red cell total phospholipid. The fatty acid composition in the plasma phospholipids of a given subject reflected that in his red cell phospholipids. Each individual phospholipid displayed a distinctive fatty acid pattern, which was generally similar to that of the corresponding phospholipid of red cells, although some marked differences in individual fatty acid levels between the corresponding phospholipids of plasma and red cells were evident. The high percentage of unsaturated fatty acids found in plasma lysolecithin suggests that this phospholipid did not arise entirely through the enzymatic cleavage of the -fatty acid of lecithin.
Topics: Adult; Chromatography, Gas; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Fasting; Fatty Acids; Female; Humans; Lysophosphatidylcholines; Male; Phosphatidylcholines; Phosphatidylethanolamines; Phospholipids; Sphingomyelins
PubMed: 6057496
DOI: No ID Found -
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta Mar 1992The effect of dietary soybean phospholipid on the activities of hepatic triacylglycerol-synthesizing enzymes was compared with soybean oil in fasted-refed rats. Soybean... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The effect of dietary soybean phospholipid on the activities of hepatic triacylglycerol-synthesizing enzymes was compared with soybean oil in fasted-refed rats. Soybean oil at the dietary level corresponding to 20% but not at 5% fatty acid level (21.2 and 5.3% on weight bases, respectively) significantly decreased liver microsomal diacylglycerol acyltransferase activities measured with the endogenous diacylglycerol substrate. Dietary soybean phospholipid even at the dietary level corresponding to 2% fatty acids (3.4% on weight base) significantly decreased the acyltransferase activities measured with endogenous substrate. The dietary phospholipid further decreased the parameter as the dietary level increased, and at the 5% fatty acid level, it was lower than that obtained with soybean oil at 20% fatty acid level. Soybean oil and phospholipid decreased the diacylglycerol acyltransferase activities measured with the saturating concentration of exogenous dioleoylglycerol substrate only when the activities were expressed in terms of total activity (mumol/min per liver) but to much lesser extents. Dietary phospholipid compared to the oil profoundly decreased not only hepatic triacylglycerol but also microsomal diacylglycerol levels. It was indicated that the availability of microsomal diacylglycerol as the substrate for diacylglycerol transferase is the critical determinant in regulating hepatic triacylglycerol synthesis and concentration in this experimental situation. Alterations in the activities of microsomal glycerol 3-phosphate acyltransferase and of the enzymes in fatty acid synthesis could account for the phospholipid-dependent decrease in the microsomal concentration of this intermediate in triacylglycerol synthesis.
Topics: Acyltransferases; Animals; Diacylglycerol Cholinephosphotransferase; Diacylglycerol O-Acyltransferase; Dietary Fats; Diglycerides; Fasting; Fatty Acids; Food; Male; Microsomes, Liver; Phosphatidic Acids; Phospholipids; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Soybean Oil; Glycine max; Triglycerides
PubMed: 1311952
DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(92)90093-b -
Journal of Insect Physiology Mar 1973
Topics: Animals; Diet; Hemolymph; Houseflies; Larva; Lipoproteins; Phospholipids
PubMed: 4773931
DOI: 10.1016/0022-1910(73)90066-8 -
Lipidome changes, with a focus on phospholipids, due to feeding systems and processing in goat milk.Food Chemistry Mar 2021We evaluated the effects of processing - pasteurization and yoghurt manufacturing - on some health-promoting lipidome components in milk from two feeding treatments -...
We evaluated the effects of processing - pasteurization and yoghurt manufacturing - on some health-promoting lipidome components in milk from two feeding treatments - brushland grazing or hay-feeding in confinement - in dairy goats. The contents of fat and protein were higher, and of urea, lower, in grazing goats. Fatty acid composition - at the exception of saturated fatty acids - was affected by dietary management and milk processing. Phospholipid contents was lower in confined goats, with little effect for processing. The phospholipid-to-triglyceride ratio was decreased by pasteurization. Sensitivity to pasteurization of phospholipid composition differed between feeding treatments. The percentage of sphingomyelin increased following pasteurization, with no response for fermentation to yoghurt. These results can be exploited to modulate health-promoting fats in dairy products.
Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Diet; Female; Fermentation; Goats; Lipidomics; Milk; Pasteurization; Phospholipids
PubMed: 32871356
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127938 -
Biophysical Chemistry May 2019The bile salts and phospholipids are secreted by the gallbladder to form dietary mixed micelles in which the solvation of poorly absorbed lipophilic drugs and...
The bile salts and phospholipids are secreted by the gallbladder to form dietary mixed micelles in which the solvation of poorly absorbed lipophilic drugs and nutraceuticals take place. A comprehensive understanding of the micellization and structure of the mixed micelles are crucial to design effective delivery systems for such substances. In this study, the evolution of the dietary mixed micelle formation under physiologically relevant concentrations and the dependence of structural properties on micelle size were investigated through coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. The MARTINI force field was used to model cholate and POPC as the representative bile salt and phospholipid, respectively. The micellization behavior was similar under both fasted and fed state concentrations. Total lipids concentration and the micelle size did not affect the internal structure of the micelles. All the micelles were slightly ellipsoidal in shape independent of their size. The extent of deviation from spherical geometry was found to depend on the micellar POPC/cholate ratio. We also found that the surface and core packing density of the micelles increased with micelle size. The former resulted in more perpendicular alignments of cholates with respect to the surface, while the latter resulted in an improved alignment of POPC tails with the radial direction and more uniform core density.
Topics: Bile Acids and Salts; Diet; Micelles; Molecular Dynamics Simulation; Phosphatidylcholines
PubMed: 30850307
DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2019.02.001