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Veterinary Pathology Jan 2005Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), characterized by chamber dilatation and myocardial systolic and diastolic dysfunction, is one of the most common heart diseases in dogs.... (Review)
Review
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), characterized by chamber dilatation and myocardial systolic and diastolic dysfunction, is one of the most common heart diseases in dogs. The clinical diagnosis is based on findings on echocardiographic and Doppler examinations, with the active exclusion of other acquired or congenital heart diseases. However, the echocardiographic criteria for the diagnosis of DCM are not wholly specific for the disease, and histologic examination may be necessary for final diagnosis. Review of reports on histologic findings in dogs with clinically diagnosed DCM reveals two histologically distinct forms of DCM: 1) cardiomyopathy of Boxers and Doberman Pinschers, corresponding to the "fatty infiltration-degenerative" type and 2) the form seen in many giant, large-, and medium-sized breeds, including some Boxers and Doberman Pinschers, classified as the "attenuated wavy fiber" type of DCM. The histologic changes of the attenuated wavy fiber type of DCM may precede clinical and echocardiographic signs of heart disease, thus indicating an early stage of DCM.
Topics: Animals; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Echocardiography; Female; Histocytochemistry; Male
PubMed: 15657266
DOI: 10.1354/vp.42-1-1 -
Journal of Clinical Ultrasound : JCU Jun 2023
Topics: Humans; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Echocardiography; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left
PubMed: 36706017
DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23417 -
Journal of Cardiovascular... Aug 2006
Review
Topics: Animals; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Cytoskeletal Proteins; Genes, X-Linked; Humans; Mutation; Sarcomeres
PubMed: 16764708
DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2006.00530.x -
American Journal of Medical Genetics.... Jan 2023
Topics: Humans; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated
PubMed: 36494908
DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62786 -
Recenti Progressi in Medicina Jun 1985
Review
Topics: Cardiomyopathy, Alcoholic; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Male; Myocarditis; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular; Prognosis; Spasm; Vascular Diseases; Virus Diseases
PubMed: 3903890
DOI: No ID Found -
Heart, Lung & Circulation Nov 2011Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a myocardial disorder that is a major cause of heart failure and death. Recent data indicate that genetic factors are important in the... (Review)
Review
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a myocardial disorder that is a major cause of heart failure and death. Recent data indicate that genetic factors are important in the pathogenesis of DCM and may account for at least one-third of cases of "idiopathic" DCM. Apart from a positive family history, there are no specific clinical manifestations that reliably distinguish familial from non-familial DCM, and phenotypic features may vary between families and within members of a single family. Clinical screening with ECG and echocardiography of all first-degree relatives of index cases with "idiopathic" DCM is strongly recommended to identify familial disease and to determine the number of affected individuals within families. Molecular genetics studies have shown that familial DCM is a genetically-heterogeneous disorder with nearly 40 chromosomal loci and disease genes identified to date. Mutations in the known disease genes occur relatively infrequently however. Although commercial genetic testing for selected disease genes is available, the cost and low yield have limited its widespread use. The development of next-generation sequencing technologies promises to expedite the discovery of new DCM disease genes and help to take genetic testing from the research laboratory into routine clinical practice. Affected individuals should receive standard pharmacological therapy according to the severity of symptoms and signs of heart failure. Asymptomatic family members should undergo periodic echocardiographic screening to detect early signs of disease. The optimal management of asymptomatic individuals with suspected early disease is not yet established.
Topics: Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Echocardiography; Electrocardiography; Female; Genetic Testing; Humans; Male; Mutation; Practice Guidelines as Topic
PubMed: 21885340
DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2011.07.008 -
Current Pharmaceutical Design 2010Among the multiple pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic therapies, beta-blockers seem to be the mainstay of heart failure management. Although the first large studies... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
Among the multiple pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic therapies, beta-blockers seem to be the mainstay of heart failure management. Although the first large studies failed to demonstrate a significant improvement in mortality, the results from subsequent studies revealed significant risk reductions in mortality with metoprolol, carvedilol and bisoprolol. Decision of the appropriate therapeutic agent depends on the existence of some specific conditions complicating dilated cardiomyopathy. This article reviews the impact of beta-blocker therapy in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy of ischemic or non-ischemic etiology.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Humans; Myocardial Ischemia; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 20632956
DOI: 10.2174/138161210793176473 -
Annals of Medicine Apr 1995Dilated cardiomyopathy is a form of heart disease characterized by ventricular dilatation and reduced systolic function. In most patients, dilated cardiomyopathy is a... (Review)
Review
Dilated cardiomyopathy is a form of heart disease characterized by ventricular dilatation and reduced systolic function. In most patients, dilated cardiomyopathy is a sporadic disease. However, 20% of dilated cardiomyopathy patients may have a familial form of the disease. The aetiologies of both the sporadic and familial forms of dilated cardiomyopathy are unknown in most cases. Dilated cardiomyopathy has a spectrum of clinical and subclinical presentations. During the last 10 years, there have been many investigations concerning the possible aetiologic role of immune factors in dilated cardiomyopathy. It is plausible that an antecedent viral infection initiates an immunological cascade which in turn leads to production of autoimmune antibodies resulting in dilated cardiomyopathy. However, in most dilated cardiomyopathy patients, an antecedent viral infection cannot be identified. Similarly, the trail of immunological research has diverged as different groups have identified distinct autoantibodies or other immune factors in heterogeneous subsets of dilated cardiomyopathy and control patients. In this manuscript, we review the studies which have contributed supportive and confounding evidence to the theoretical autoimmune basis of dilated cardiomyopathy.
Topics: Autoantibodies; Autoimmune Diseases; Autoimmunity; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Humans
PubMed: 7632409
DOI: 10.3109/07853899509031954 -
European Journal of Echocardiography :... Dec 2009Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common and malignant condition, which carries a poor long-term prognosis. Underlying disease aetiologies are varied, and often carry... (Review)
Review
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common and malignant condition, which carries a poor long-term prognosis. Underlying disease aetiologies are varied, and often carry specific implications for treatment and prognosis. The role of echocardiography is essential in not only establishing the diagnosis, but also in defining the aetiology, and understanding the pathophysiology. This article therefore explores the pivotal role of echocardiography in the evaluation and management of patients with DCM.
Topics: Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Diagnosis, Differential; Echocardiography; Humans; Prognosis
PubMed: 19889654
DOI: 10.1093/ejechocard/jep158 -
Pharmacological Reports : PR 2005There is growing evidence of the presence and relevance of coronary microvascular abnormalities in many cardiac diseases. In particular, it has been recently shown that... (Review)
Review
There is growing evidence of the presence and relevance of coronary microvascular abnormalities in many cardiac diseases. In particular, it has been recently shown that dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by dysfunction of the coronary microvessels since its very early onset. Coronary microcirculatory dysfunction is not an effect of myocardial damage but seems in turn to cause progressive contractile impairment, ventricular dilation and heart failure. The mechanisms of the progressive deterioration of cardiac function in DCM are largely unknown but both myocardial hypoperfusion and myocardial ischemia at the microvascular level are most probably involved. It has been demonstrated that the presence and the extent of coronary microcirculatory dysfunction in patients with early stage DCM is an independent and relevant predictor of worse prognosis. From these studies it is more and more evident that the coronary microcirculation is involved in the pathogenesis ofDCMand should be considered a new target of treatment in those cardiac diseases at risk to evolve towards heart failure.
Topics: Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Coronary Circulation; Heart Failure; Humans; Microcirculation; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardial Ischemia; Prognosis
PubMed: 16415496
DOI: No ID Found