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Journal of Applied Microbiology Oct 2011The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of thirteen bismuth thiol preparations for bactericidal activity against established biofilms formed...
AIMS
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of thirteen bismuth thiol preparations for bactericidal activity against established biofilms formed by two bacteria isolated from human chronic wounds.
METHODS
Single species biofilms of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa or a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were grown in either colony biofilm or drip-flow reactors systems. Biofilms were challenged with bismuth thiols, antibiotics or silver sulfadiazine, and log reductions were determined by plating for colony formation.
CONCLUSIONS
Antibiotics were ineffective or inconsistent against biofilms of both bacterial species tested. None of the antibiotics tested were able to achieve >2 log reductions in both biofilm models. The 13 different bismuth thiols tested in this investigation achieved widely varying degrees of killing, even against the same micro-organism in the same biofilm model. For each micro-organism, the best bismuth thiol easily outperformed the best conventional antibiotic. Against P. aeruginosa biofilms, bismuth-2,3-dimercaptopropanol (BisBAL) at 40-80 μg ml⁻¹ achieved > 7·7 mean log reduction for the two biofilm models. Against MRSA biofilms, bismuth-1,3-propanedithiol/bismuth-2-mercaptopyridine N-oxide (BisBDT/PYR) achieved a 4·9 log reduction.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
Bismuth thiols are effective antimicrobial agents against biofilms formed by wound bacteria and merit further development as topical antiseptics for the suppression of biofilms in chronic wounds.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biofilms; Bismuth; Dimercaprol; Humans; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Microbial Viability; Organometallic Compounds; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Sulfhydryl Compounds
PubMed: 21794034
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05110.x -
Annals of Internal Medicine Aug 1948
Topics: Dimercaprol; Humans; Mercury; Mercury Compounds; Mercury Poisoning; Peritoneal Lavage
PubMed: 18875498
DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-29-2-278 -
Basic & Clinical Pharmacology &... Apr 2005
Comparative Study
2,3-Dimercaptopropanol, 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonic acid and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid acute administration diferentially change biochemical parameters in mice.
Topics: Aminolevulinic Acid; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Dimercaprol; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Injections, Subcutaneous; Kidney; Liver; Male; Mice; Succimer; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Time Factors; Toxicity Tests, Acute; Unithiol; Zinc
PubMed: 15755317
DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2005.pto960409.x -
Arthritis and Rheumatism 1976
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Dimercaprol; Drug Evaluation; Gold; Humans; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 1252266
DOI: 10.1002/art.1780190126 -
Archivio Di Medicina Interna 1953
Topics: Dimercaprol; Humans; Lead Poisoning; Self Mutilation
PubMed: 13181625
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2018The objective of this study was to evaluate the antitumor activity of lipophilic bismuth nanoparticles (BisBAL NPs) on breast cancer cells.
AIM
The objective of this study was to evaluate the antitumor activity of lipophilic bismuth nanoparticles (BisBAL NPs) on breast cancer cells.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The effect of varying concentrations of BisBAL NPs was evaluated on human MCF-7 breast cancer cells and on MCF-10A fibrocystic mammary epitheliocytes as noncancer control cells. Cell viability was evaluated with the MTT assay, plasma membrane integrity was analyzed with the calcein AM assay, genotoxicity with the comet assay, and apoptosis with the Annexin V/7-AAD assay.
RESULTS
BisBAL NPs were spherical in shape (average diameter, 28 nm) and agglomerated into dense electronic clusters. BisBAL NP induced a dose-dependent growth inhibition. Most importantly, growth inhibition was higher for MCF-7 cells than for MCF-10A cells. At 1 µM BisBAL NP, MCF-7 growth inhibition was 51%, while it was 11% for MCF-10A; at 25 µM BisBAL NP, the growth inhibition was 81% for MCF-7 and 24% for MCF-10A. With respect to mechanisms of action, a 24-hour exposure of 10 and 100 µM BisBAL NP caused loss of cell membrane integrity and fragmentation of tumor cell DNA. BisBAL NPs at 10 µM were genotoxic to and caused apoptosis of breast cancer cells.
CONCLUSION
BisBAL NP-induced growth inhibition is dose dependent, and breast cancer cells are more vulnerable than noncancer breast cells. The mechanism of action of BisBAL NPs may include loss of plasma membrane integrity and a genotoxic effect on the genomic DNA of breast cancer cells.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Bismuth; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cell Survival; Comet Assay; DNA Damage; Dimercaprol; Female; Humans; MCF-7 Cells; Nanoparticles; Organometallic Compounds
PubMed: 30323596
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S179095 -
Revue Du Rhumatisme Et Des Maladies... Jan 1989
Review
Topics: Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chorea; Dimercaprol; Female; Gold; Humans; Male; Metalloproteins; Middle Aged; Organogold Compounds; Organometallic Compounds; Propanols; Sulfhydryl Compounds
PubMed: 2657992
DOI: No ID Found -
Advances in Enzyme Regulation 1982Water soluble analogs of British Anti-Lewisite that are active orally and less toxic than BAL are now available. These agents are 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid...
Water soluble analogs of British Anti-Lewisite that are active orally and less toxic than BAL are now available. These agents are 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid and meso-dimercaptosuccinic acid. Evidence for their effectiveness in preventing the lethal effects of sodium arsenite in mice and lewisite in rabbits is presented. These analogs can be expected to replace BAL in the treatment of heavy metal poisoning.
Topics: Animals; Arsenic Poisoning; Arsenites; Cadmium Poisoning; Chelating Agents; Dimercaprol; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Mice; Penicillamine; Sodium Compounds; Succimer; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Unithiol
PubMed: 6287818
DOI: 10.1016/0065-2571(82)90022-x -
Archives of Toxicology 1994The effect of various antidotes on the excretion of arsenic into the feces in vivo and on the biliary and enteric excretion in situ was investigated on segments of...
The effect of various antidotes on the excretion of arsenic into the feces in vivo and on the biliary and enteric excretion in situ was investigated on segments of jejunum and colon in anesthetized guinea-pigs using the pendular perfusion technique, according to Henning and Forth (1982). In the in situ experiments guinea-pigs received As2O3 (0.02 mmol As(III)/kg) and 30 min later, British-Anti-Lewisite (BAL), dimercaptopropanesulfonic acid (DMPS), dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) or 2,3-bis-(acetylthio)propanesulfonamide (BAPSA) (0.1 or 0.7 mmol/kg each) into the jugular vein. In the in vivo experiments guinea-pigs received As2O3 s.c. (same dose as above) and 30 min later the same antidotes (0.1 mmol/kg i.p.). The feces were collected for 24 h and the arsenic content measured. During the 60-min perfusion period the amount of arsenic excreted into the jejunum or colon was only 3% or 0.4% of the dose administered, respectively. Of the arsenic dose, 8% was found in the bile. None of the antidotes had an effect on the arsenic excretion into the jejunum or colon. No change in biliary excretion was found in animals treated with BAL, 0.1 or 0.7 mmol/kg, respectively. DMSA, BAPSA or DMPS, 0.1 mmol/kg, increased the biliary excretion of arsenic to 14, 33, or 43% of the dose administered and after 0.7 mmol/kg to 29, 37, or 42%, respectively. Furthermore, a significant increase (P > 0.05) was found for the bile/blood concentration ratio in the following order: control < BAL < DMSA < BAPSA approximately DMPS.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Arsenic; Arsenic Poisoning; Arsenic Trioxide; Arsenicals; Bile; Colon; Dimercaprol; Feces; Guinea Pigs; Injections, Intravenous; Jejunum; Male; Oxides; Perfusion; Poisoning; Succimer; Sulfonamides; Unithiol
PubMed: 7536408
DOI: 10.1007/s002040050134 -
Vestnik Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk SSSR 1984
Comparative Study Review
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Arsenic Poisoning; Chelating Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Dimercaprol; Drug Interactions; Drug Stability; Drug Therapy, Combination; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Metalloproteins; Metals; Neurotransmitter Agents; Protein Binding; Rabbits; Rats; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Sulfhydryl Reagents; Unithiol
PubMed: 6152101
DOI: No ID Found