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Parasitology Sep 2021Six Dipetalonema species have been reported from Neotropical monkeys, Dipetalonema gracile, Dipetalonema graciliformis and Dipetalonema caudispina being the dominant...
Six Dipetalonema species have been reported from Neotropical monkeys, Dipetalonema gracile, Dipetalonema graciliformis and Dipetalonema caudispina being the dominant species found in French Guiana primates. Adult filarioids isolated from the abdominal cavity of tamarins (Saguinus midas) in French Guiana were morphologically and molecularly identified as D. graciliformis. Phylogenetic analysis based on DNA and amino acid sequences of the cox1 gene as well as the concatenated sequences of the cox1 and the 18S genes indicated that D. graciliformis belongs to the clade 4 (ONC4) of Onchocercidae. Blast analysis of the 18S rDNA revealed that D. graciliformis in the studied tamarins is conspecific with the filarioid circulating in howler monkeys (Alouatta macconnelli) in French Guiana, previously referred to as unidentified Onchocercidae species.
Topics: Animals; Dipetalonema; Dipetalonema Infections; Female; French Guiana; Male; Monkey Diseases; Saguinus
PubMed: 34100346
DOI: 10.1017/S0031182021000901 -
Parasitology Research Sep 2023Among vector-borne helminths, filarioids of the genus Dipetalonema (Spirurida: Onchocercidae) localize in several tissues and body cavities of several animal species,...
Among vector-borne helminths, filarioids of the genus Dipetalonema (Spirurida: Onchocercidae) localize in several tissues and body cavities of several animal species, causing mild to moderate lesions. The pathological findings associated with Dipetalonema spp. infection in Neotropical monkeys from southern Brazil are herein described, along with a fatal case due to filarial polyserositis and entrapment of an intestinal segment. At necropsy, nematodes were observed in abdominal and thoracic cavities, or in the pericardium of 37 (31.3%) out of the 118 individuals examined (i.e., 35 Alouatta guariba clamitans and two Sapajus nigritus). In addition, at histology, 27.0% of positive animals presented microfilarie (inside blood vessels of lung, spleen, liver, and brain) and 8.1% presented adult nematodes in the heart, lung, and liver. In two cases, cross-sections of filarioids were associated with areas of epicardial thickening with intense fibrosis and pyogranulomatous inflammation in the brain, heart, liver, lungs, or spleen. The DNA fragment was amplify using the cox1 gene, sequenced and analyzed to identify the nematode species collected; presence of Wolbachia was assessed in the filarioids using the 16S rRNA gene. At BLAST analysis of the cox1 gene, 10 sequences showed 91.7% nucleotide identity with Dipetalonema gracile, and two with D. gracile (98.5%) and Dipetalonema graciliformis (98.3%). Phylogenetic analyses clustered sequences of the cox1 obtained in this study in two clades corresponding with the host species. Wolbachia sp. endosymbiont was detected in four samples. Data herein reported provide a description of pathological lesions associated with the infection by Dipetalonema spp., suggesting that they may cause disease in Neotropical monkeys. In addition, a better understanding of diversity and biology of Dipetalonema spp. in South America is needed to assess the impact they may cause in native non-human primates from Brazil.
Topics: Animals; Dipetalonema; Spirurida; Brazil; Haplorhini; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Filarioidea; Dipetalonema Infections; Nematoda
PubMed: 37347285
DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-07895-3 -
Parasitology Nov 1953
Topics: Animals; Dipetalonema; Nematoda; Rodentia
PubMed: 13111807
DOI: 10.1017/s0031182000018576 -
The British Journal of Ophthalmology Nov 2001
Topics: Anesthesia, Local; Animals; Dipetalonema; Dipetalonema Infections; Eye Infections, Parasitic; Filaricides; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 11702740
DOI: 10.1136/bjo.85.11.1384i -
The American Journal of Tropical... Mar 1976Microfilariae were observed in 25 of 187 blood leucocyte-culture preparations made for chromosome studies on 28 Piaroa and 159 Yanomama Indians living near the Brazilian...
Microfilariae were observed in 25 of 187 blood leucocyte-culture preparations made for chromosome studies on 28 Piaroa and 159 Yanomama Indians living near the Brazilian border of Amazonas, Venezuela. Among the Yanomama, 17 (10.7%) were infected, all with Mansonella ozzardi. Among the Piaroa, 8 (28.6%) were infected--3 with M. ozzardi, 4 with Dipetalonema perstans, and 1 with both species.
Topics: Dipetalonema; Dipetalonema Infections; Humans; Indians, South American; Mansonella; Mansonelliasis; Microfilariae; Venezuela
PubMed: 769579
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1976.25.263 -
Australian Veterinary Journal Jan 1985
Topics: Animals; Dipetalonema; Dipetalonema Infections; Disease Vectors; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Filariasis; Microfilariae
PubMed: 4039925
DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1985.tb06040.x -
Zeitschrift Fur Parasitenkunde (Berlin,... Jun 1978
Topics: Animals; Dipetalonema; Female; India; Male; Sciuridae
PubMed: 567902
DOI: 10.1007/BF00390370 -
Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences... Jul 2013Totally 294 dromedary camels of different ages and both sexes slaughtered at slaughterhouses in Yazd, Isfahan and Kerman provinces were inspected for infection with...
Totally 294 dromedary camels of different ages and both sexes slaughtered at slaughterhouses in Yazd, Isfahan and Kerman provinces were inspected for infection with Dipetalonema evansi. Blood smears of all camels and carcasses of 125 of them (100 from Isfahan and 25 from Yazd) were studied for larva and adult forms of the parasite. Microfilariae were found in peripheral blood smears of 38 out of 294 (12.92%) tested camels, while 20 out of 125 camels (13.89%) harbored D. evansi adult worms in at least one region in their testicle, epididymis, spermatic cord, lung and heart. Two of infected males had adult forms of the parasite in all studied organs simultaneously. Pathological study of infected tissues revealed sections of parasite, severe acute and chronic inflammation, fibrosis and atrophy. D. evansi is endemic and constitutes an important health problem to camels in Iran's central desert, resulting in impaired working capacity and lowered productivity.
Topics: Animals; Camelus; Dipetalonema; Dipetalonema Infections; Female; Iran; Male; Prevalence
PubMed: 24505989
DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2013.647.650 -
The Journal of Parasitology Jun 2007We describe a new species of Dipetalonema occurring in the body cavity of Ateles chamek (Humboldt, 1812) from north-central Bolivia. Morphologic characters serving to...
We describe a new species of Dipetalonema occurring in the body cavity of Ateles chamek (Humboldt, 1812) from north-central Bolivia. Morphologic characters serving to separate Dipetalonema yatesi n. sp. from known forms include a vagina vera with a simple tube and thin walls and a left spicule, which possesses a handle shorter than the lamina (ratio 2.7); the latter displays an anterior membranous alae similar in length to the terminal flagellum, a distal extremity of the left spicule within a simple hook and a membrane, phasmids at the basis of the lappets, and heterogeneous muscles occupying the whole cavity. Dipetalonema yatesi n. sp. can be separated from Dipetalonema robini, Dipetalonema gracile, and Dipetalonema graciliformis, between other characters, in having a simple vagina vera instead of a sinuous one, and from Dipetalonema caudispina and Dipetalonema freitasi in having the lamina of the left spicule divided in a membranous alae and a terminal flagellum.
Topics: Animals; Atelinae; Bolivia; Dipetalonema; Dipetalonema Infections; Female; Male; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Monkey Diseases
PubMed: 17626361
DOI: 10.1645/GE-962R1.1 -
Journal of Helminthology Oct 2018Dipetalonema gracile is a common parasite in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus), which can cause malnutrition and progressive wasting of the host, and lead to death in...
Dipetalonema gracile is a common parasite in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus), which can cause malnutrition and progressive wasting of the host, and lead to death in the case of massive infection. This study aimed to identify a suspected D. gracile worm from a dead squirrel monkey by means of molecular biology, and to amplify its complete mitochondrial genome by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequence analysis. The results identified the worm as D. gracile, and the full length of its complete mitochondrial genome was 13,584 bp, which contained 22 tRNA genes, 12 protein-coding genes, two rRNA genes, one AT-rich region and one small non-coding region. The nucleotide composition included A (16.89%), G (20.19%), T (56.22%) and C (6.70%), among which A + T = 73.11%. The 12 protein-coding genes used TTG and ATT as start codons, and TAG and TAA as stop codons. Among the 22 tRNA genes, only trnS1AGN and trnS2UCN exhibited the TΨC-loop structure, while the other 20 tRNAs showed the TV-loop structure. The rrnL (986 bp) and rrnS (685 bp) genes were single-stranded and conserved in secondary structure. This study has enriched the mitochondrial gene database of Dipetalonema and laid a scientific basis for further study on classification, and genetic and evolutionary relationships of Dipetalonema nematodes.
Topics: Animals; Base Composition; Base Sequence; China; Dipetalonema; Dipetalonema Infections; Genome, Helminth; Genome, Mitochondrial; Monkey Diseases; Phylogeny; Saimiri
PubMed: 30326978
DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X18000871