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Transactions of the Royal Society of... 1980
Topics: Animals; Antinematodal Agents; Benzimidazoles; Dipetalonema; Dipetalonema Infections; Filariasis; Gerbillinae; Mebendazole; Rodent Diseases
PubMed: 7193927
DOI: 10.1016/0035-9203(80)90222-9 -
The Journal of Parasitology Apr 1975infective larvae of Dipetalonema viteae produced infections in Mongolian jirds (Meriones unguiculatus) after storage of infected ticks (Ornithodoros tartakovskyi) in the...
infective larvae of Dipetalonema viteae produced infections in Mongolian jirds (Meriones unguiculatus) after storage of infected ticks (Ornithodoros tartakovskyi) in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, 5%) for 7 or 595 days in liquid nitrogen (-196 C). Infectivity of these larvae was only partially impaired. Microfilaremias of test jirds were generally lower than those of control jirds given nonfrozen larvae; however, the majority of test jirds developed microfilarial counts suitable for use in infecting ticks. In contradistinction, larvae frozen free of the tick failed to retain infectivity. Apparently the tick, in conjunction with DMSO, protects the larvae during freezing and thawing.
Topics: Animals; Blood; Dipetalonema; Dipetalonema Infections; Freezing; Gerbillinae; Larva; Male; Nitrogen; Preservation, Biological; Ticks; Time Factors
PubMed: 1168704
DOI: No ID Found -
Experimental Parasitology Feb 1986The humoral immune response of Balb/c mice to live infective larvae or adult worm extract of Dipetalonema viteae is composed of two antibody populations either with or...
The humoral immune response of Balb/c mice to live infective larvae or adult worm extract of Dipetalonema viteae is composed of two antibody populations either with or without specificity for phosphorylcholine. Absorption of immune serum on phosphorylcholine-Sepharose and separation of the antibody population demonstrated that anti-larvae serum contains a larger ratio of phosphorylcholine versus non-phosphorylcholine antibodies as compared to anti-adult serum. Immunofluorescence on crossections of female worms revealed that antigen expressing phosphorylcholine determinants were mainly found on certain internal structures, like egg, uterine, and intestinal membranes, but not on the cuticle. Immunoblotting using an adult worm extract demonstrated that protein bands reacted with either one or both populations of antibodies. The patterns were heterogeneous and moreover differed between the anti-larvae serum and the anti-adult serum.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibody Specificity; Antigens, Helminth; Choline; Cross Reactions; Dipetalonema; Epitopes; Female; Immune Sera; Larva; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Phosphorylcholine
PubMed: 2417881
DOI: 10.1016/0014-4894(86)90139-6 -
Zeitschrift Fur Parasitenkunde (Berlin,... 1979Development of third-stage larvae of Dipetalonema viteae within subcutaneously implanted micropore chambers proceeded in all hosts tested up to the fourth-stage larvae... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Development of third-stage larvae of Dipetalonema viteae within subcutaneously implanted micropore chambers proceeded in all hosts tested up to the fourth-stage larvae and occasionally to adolescent worms. In the jird the timing of development was comparable to a natural infection. Although the mouse is an insusceptible host, larval development could take place, but was very slow. Two intraperitoneal inoculations of living third-stage larvae into mice induced the production of antibodies against the larval cuticle and against common antigens. In such immune mice the development of third- and fourth-stage larvae within micropore chambers was significantly inhibited, larval mortality was increased, and the larval motility was impaired.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Cricetinae; Dipetalonema; Host-Parasite Interactions; Immunization; Larva; Male; Mesocricetus; Mice; Rodentia; Species Specificity
PubMed: 575592
DOI: 10.1007/BF00927088 -
Parasitology Research Apr 2016Despite the economic importance of camels, the parasites that affect them have not received adequate attention so far and molecular studies are scarce compared to other...
Despite the economic importance of camels, the parasites that affect them have not received adequate attention so far and molecular studies are scarce compared to other livestock. In this study, we characterized peripheral blood microfilariae in 200 healthy one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) from south-east Iran by microscopy and molecular tools to receive a more detailed insight into prevalence and species that affect them. Moreover, adult specimens of the filarial nematode Dipetalonema evansi were collected from the carcass of an infected animal. Microscopic examination was performed on Giemsa-stained blood smears, and blood was also spotted on Whatman FTA(®) cards for DNA analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted, and PCR was carried out for the detection of filaroid helminths, followed by sequence analysis of positive samples. Four samples were positive for microfilariae by microscopy, while 16 animals (8 %) were positive by PCR. Sequence analysis revealed D. evansi in all cases. Phylogenetic analysis of a cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) sequence of filaroid nematodes showed that most species in a single genus cluster in the same clade; however, D. evansi and D. gracile are not monophyletic and branch rather at the base of the tree. Further studies on the life cycle of D. evansi, specifically the identification of intermediate host(s), have become feasible with the provision of the first specific COI sequences in this study.
Topics: Animals; Camelus; Dipetalonema; Dipetalonema Infections; Geography; Iran; Microfilariae; Phylogeny; Prevalence; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 26750131
DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4896-y -
Experimental Parasitology Aug 1981
Topics: Animals; Antigens; B-Lymphocytes; Dipetalonema; Dipetalonema Infections; Female; Filariasis; Lipopolysaccharides; Lymphocyte Activation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Phytohemagglutinins; T-Lymphocytes; Time Factors
PubMed: 6972326
DOI: 10.1016/0014-4894(81)90057-6 -
Experimental Parasitology Apr 1978
Comparative Study
Topics: Animals; Antigens; Cricetinae; Dipetalonema; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Immunodiffusion; Immunoelectrophoresis, Two-Dimensional; Isoelectric Focusing; Male; Mesocricetus; Microfilariae
PubMed: 95963
DOI: 10.1016/0014-4894(78)90102-9 -
The American Journal of Tropical... May 1982Examination of 75 blood samples (Knott preparation) collected in Puerto Inŕida, Coco, and Pajuil, in the Comisaría del Guainía, Colombia, disclosed 26 microfilaria...
Examination of 75 blood samples (Knott preparation) collected in Puerto Inŕida, Coco, and Pajuil, in the Comisaría del Guainía, Colombia, disclosed 26 microfilaria carriers. Eighteen persons harbored only Mansonella ozzardi microfilariae, three were infected with M. ozzardi and Dipetalonema perstans and five harbored only D. perstans. M. ozzardi infections were found in whites, and in Indians belonging to the Curripaco, Puinave, Tukano, Guanano and Saliva tribes, but D. perstans was found only in the Curripaco Indians. Numbers of circulating microfilariae (mf) were low, 73% of the carriers had less than 200 mf/ml of blood: persons who harbored only D. perstans had less than 310 mf/ml. These results confirm the presence of D. perstans in Colombia, and suggest that its prevalence and distribution in the Comisarïa del Guainía and neighboring areas may be far greater than has been hitherto suspected.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Asian People; Child; Colombia; Dipetalonema; Dipetalonema Infections; Female; Filariasis; Humans; Indians, South American; Male; Mansonella; Mansonelliasis; Microfilariae; Middle Aged; White People
PubMed: 7044161
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1982.31.486 -
Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology Mar 1985Mixed-sex adult stages of Brugia pahangi and Dipetalonema viteae, in the absence of exogenous substrate, consumed oxygen at rates of 4.18 +/- 0.38 and 2.12 +/- 0.20... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Mixed-sex adult stages of Brugia pahangi and Dipetalonema viteae, in the absence of exogenous substrate, consumed oxygen at rates of 4.18 +/- 0.38 and 2.12 +/- 0.20 ngatoms O2 min-1 mg-1 dry wt. respectively. When calculated on a unit dry weight basis the endogenous O2 consumption rates (E-QO2) of mature adult male macrofilariae of B. pahangi and D. viteae were significantly greater than those of mature females, although the E-QO2 calculated per individual worm was essentially similar irrespective of sex. When assayed as separate unisexual groups, the oxygen uptake of male and female macrofilariae of both species was inhibited by classical inhibitors of respiratory electron transport (RET), and showed classical substrate bypass phenomena in response to succinate and ascorbate, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine with respect to the RET inhibitors rotenone (inhibitor of complex I) and antimycin A (inhibitor of complex III). Since male worms elicited similar responses to the classical RET inhibitors as did mixed-sex and/or adult female populations, the possibility that developmental stages contained within the female filariids were contributing in any significant manner to the overall responses observed with the RET inhibitors can be discounted. Such responses as observed with live-intact macrofilariae are normally elicited only by mitochondrial preparations and suggest that the cuticles of both species are permeable to rotenone, succinate, antimycin A, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine, azide and cyanide. The uncoupler 2,4-dinitrophenol stimulated the endogenous rate of oxygen consumption (E-QO2) of intact B. pahangi at 33-160 microM, indicating the probable occurrence of RET-coupled oxidative phosphorylation. Higher concentrations of 2,4-dinitrophenol proved inhibitory. Respiratory studies on subcellular fractions substantiated the responses elicited by the intact parasites, suggesting the presence of antimycin A-sensitive and -insensitive RET pathways capable of utilising alpha-glycerophosphate, succinate, and malate as substrates. Both B. pahangi and D. viteae macrofilariae therefore probably possess branched RET-pathways bifurcating on the substrate side of RET-complex III. The rates of substrate oxidation in terms of QO2 mg-1 mitochondrial protein compare well with those observed with other nematode parasites.
Topics: Animals; Antimycin A; Brugia; Dipetalonema; Electron Transport; Female; Filarioidea; Male; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Oxygen Consumption; Rotenone
PubMed: 4039407
DOI: 10.1016/0166-6851(85)90061-1 -
The Journal of Parasitology Apr 1982A new filarial nematode, Dipetalonema (Dasypafilaria) averyi subgen. et sp. n., is described from the omentum of armadillos (Dasypus novemicinctus) for southern...
A new filarial nematode, Dipetalonema (Dasypafilaria) averyi subgen. et sp. n., is described from the omentum of armadillos (Dasypus novemicinctus) for southern Louisiana. Within the genus, the large buccal cavity, the absence of a gubernaculum, the reduced number of caudal papillae, the large caudal lappets, and the sheathed microfilaria serve to distinguish the subgenus Dasypafilaria from other subgenera. The small size of D. averyi (females 5.3-9.5 mm long by 70-90 micrometers wide; males 3.8-5.5 mm long by 46-70 micrometers wide) readily distinguishes it from other species in the genus. It also is distinguished by its rounded cephalic extremity, the location of the vulva at the level of the base of the esophagus, the morphology of the spicules, and the size and configuration of the microfilaria.
Topics: Animals; Armadillos; Dipetalonema; Louisiana; Terminology as Topic; Xenarthra
PubMed: 7200516
DOI: No ID Found