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Infection Apr 2024The prevalence of odontogenic infections remains one of the highest in the world. If untreated, odontogenic infections can break through the limitation, disseminate to... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The prevalence of odontogenic infections remains one of the highest in the world. If untreated, odontogenic infections can break through the limitation, disseminate to other organs or spaces, and cause high mortality rates. However, it is still difficult to rapidly target limited or disseminated infections in clinical practice. The type of disseminated odontogenic infections and the responsible bacteria have not been described in detail.
METHODS
Search databases (e.g., PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase) for reports published from 2018.1 to 2022.9. Use search strategies: ("odontogenic infections" OR "pulpitis" OR "periapical lesions" OR "periodontal diseases") AND ("disseminated infections" OR "complication").
RESULTS
Fourteen different types of disseminated odontogenic infections, most of which are polymicrobial infections, can spread through the body either direct or through hematogenous diffusion. Multiple microbial infections can be more invasive in the transmission of infection. Secondary infections are commonly associated with bacteria like Fusobacterium spp., Streptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Prevotella spp., and Staphylococcus spp. Antibiotics with broad-spectrum activity are fundamental as first-line antimicrobial agents based on the microorganisms isolated from disseminated infections.
CONCLUSION
This review elaborates on the epidemiology, microorganisms, risk factors, and dissemination routes, and provides evidence-based opinions on the diagnosis, multidisciplinary management, and prevention of odontogenic infections for dentists and clinicians.
Topics: Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Streptococcus
PubMed: 37926767
DOI: 10.1007/s15010-023-02117-5 -
Child's Nervous System : ChNS :... Mar 2013Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is a common pediatric glioma that is generally characterized by indolent growth. However, there are reports of PA disseminating throughout the... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is a common pediatric glioma that is generally characterized by indolent growth. However, there are reports of PA disseminating throughout the central nervous system. Given the rarity of dissemination, the appropriate treatment for these patients is poorly defined. In this case series, we describe the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of six children treated for disseminated PA at our institution and review the current published literature.
METHODS
Six cases of disseminated PA treated at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center were identified. Demographics, disease characteristics, and follow-up data were compiled. Fifty-three reported cases were identified in the published literature.
RESULTS
Our cohort's mean age at presentation was 7 years, and the mean time to identification of disseminated disease was 12 months after initial diagnosis. Two patients underwent chemotherapy, and all underwent proton beam radiation therapy to all or part of the craniospinal axis. With a median follow-up of 24 months after radiation therapy, five of six patients were alive, four with stable disease and one with progressive disease.
CONCLUSIONS
Treatment of disseminated PA is frequently multi-modal, including surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. On the basis of early clinical data, extended-field radiation therapy is a viable option for treating disseminated PA.
Topics: Adolescent; Astrocytoma; Brain Neoplasms; Child; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Combined Modality Therapy; Craniospinal Irradiation; Female; Humans; Male; Meningeal Neoplasms; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Proton Therapy; Survival Analysis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 23207974
DOI: 10.1007/s00381-012-1970-y -
Population Health Management Aug 2013The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has launched the Partnership for Patients initiative, promising a 20% reduction in readmissions nationally across... (Review)
Review
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has launched the Partnership for Patients initiative, promising a 20% reduction in readmissions nationally across all payers by December 31, 2013. To address this ambitious goal, CMS has awarded grants to Hospital Engagement Networks, Pioneer Accountable Care Organizations, and the Community-based Care Transitions Program, as well as instituted new penalties for excessive readmission that began in October 2012. National efforts aimed at realizing this goal are predicated, in part, on our effectiveness in disseminating evidence-based care models into practice to improve outcomes and reduce costs. The Care Transitions Intervention (CTI) has been developed, tested, and disseminated to over 750 health care organizations in 40 states nationwide. Four factors promote wide-scale CTI dissemination. The first factor focuses on model fidelity whereby adopters are given insight into which elements of the intervention can be adapted and customized. The second factor concerns the selection of Transitions Coaches and reinforcement of their role through training and participation in a national peer learning network. The third factor relates to model execution with attention to integrating the intervention into existing workflows and fostering relationships with community stakeholders. The fourth factor involves cultivating the support to sustain or expand the intervention through continually making the business case in a changing health care landscape. The lessons learned through the dissemination and implementation of the CTI may be generalizable to the spread of a variety of evidence-based care models.
Topics: Accountable Care Organizations; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Medicaid; Medicare; United States
PubMed: 23537156
DOI: 10.1089/pop.2012.0069 -
Clinical and Experimental Dermatology Dec 2009Rhinosporidiosis is an uncommon chronic granulomatous disease caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. It primarily affects the nasal mucosa and the nasopharynx. The disease...
Rhinosporidiosis is an uncommon chronic granulomatous disease caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. It primarily affects the nasal mucosa and the nasopharynx. The disease may disseminate to the skin, larynx, trachea, genitalia, bones and even the internal organs. Although simultaneous onset of nasal and disseminated lesions has been reported, dissemination usually occurs several years after the onset of nasal lesions. We report a rare case of disseminated rhinosporidiosis involving both nares, the nasal mucosa, nasopharynx, oral cavity and oropharynx, as well as widespread cutaneous lesions over the trunk and the limbs with nail involvement. This last feature has not, to our knowledge, been previously reported.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Nails; Nasal Mucosa; Rhinosporidiosis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 20055857
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2009.03655.x -
Zoological Research Sep 2016In recent years, wildlife conservation has attracted great public attention. However, substantial distinctions can be found in the prevailing concepts of wildlife... (Review)
Review
In recent years, wildlife conservation has attracted great public attention. However, substantial distinctions can be found in the prevailing concepts of wildlife conservation, particularly with the recent notion that emphasizes animal rights. Wildlife welfare and wildlife rights are not synonymous, with welfare more compatible with the reasonable and legal utilization of wildlife. The key to scientific wildlife conservation is the appropriate awareness and appreciation of the relationship between wildlife conservation and utilization and the theoretical basis of holism. Nevertheless, rational biases regarding the public's understanding of wildlife conservation and the spread of information via social media still exist. As such, expansion of the concept of scientific wildlife conservation requires the application of several measures. Wildlife conservation researchers should be regarded as the most important disseminators of scientifically-based information, with education in schools and universities of growing importance. Furthermore, the media should shoulder the social responsibility for the accurate dissemination of conservation information.
Topics: Animals; Biological Evolution; Conservation of Natural Resources; Education; Humans; Information Dissemination; Science
PubMed: 27686785
DOI: 10.13918/j.issn.2095-8137.2016.5.270 -
Nursing Management (Harrow, London,... Sep 2015COMMUNICATION IS a core competency for nurse executives. Being able to write well and share this writing through publication is essential to disseminate information,...
COMMUNICATION IS a core competency for nurse executives. Being able to write well and share this writing through publication is essential to disseminate information, engender support and share a vision.
Topics: Communication; Humans; Information Dissemination; Leadership; Nurse Administrators; Nursing Care; Nursing Research; Practice Guidelines as Topic
PubMed: 26308996
DOI: 10.7748/nm.22.5.13.s10 -
Journal of Traumatic Stress Oct 2006Dissemination of effective early interventions following trauma is necessary to ensure the provision of the best possible care in a timely manner. To achieve this,... (Review)
Review
Dissemination of effective early interventions following trauma is necessary to ensure the provision of the best possible care in a timely manner. To achieve this, agreement from all key stakeholders is required regarding the messages to be disseminated and the means of dissemination. This article is based on a National Institute of Mental Health sponsored symposium on the dissemination of early interventions at the 21st annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies in Toronto in 2005. The current knowledge base regarding the effectiveness and dissemination of early interventions (defined here as those that are begun within the first 3 months after exposure) following trauma for children, adolescents, and adults is considered.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Crisis Intervention; Diffusion of Innovation; Early Diagnosis; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Information Dissemination; Mass Screening; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Stress Disorders, Traumatic
PubMed: 17075913
DOI: 10.1002/jts.20175 -
Microbiology Spectrum Aug 2023The Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi can cause a multitude of clinical manifestations because of its ability to disseminate into any organ system via...
The Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi can cause a multitude of clinical manifestations because of its ability to disseminate into any organ system via migration through soft tissue, the lymphatic system, and the circulatory system. The latter is believed to constitute the predominant pathway for dissemination to distal sites from the inoculating tick bite. In spite of its importance, the hematogenous dissemination process remains largely uncharacterized, particularly due to difficulties studying this process in a living host and the lack of an system that recapitulates animal infection. In the current work, we provide the first information regarding the stage of the vascular transmigration pathway where three important adhesins function during invasion of mouse knee joint peripheral tissue from postcapillary venules. Using intravital imaging coupled with genetic experiments employing sequential double infection, we show a complex temporal choreography of P66, decorin binding proteins (DbpA/B), and outer surface protein C (OspC) at discrete steps along the pathway of vascular escape, underscoring the importance of B. burgdorferi adhesins in hematogenous dissemination in the mouse knee joint and the complexity of vascular transmigration by a disseminating pathogen. Lyme disease is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted by a bite from an infected tick. Disease development involves a complex series of host-pathogen interactions as well as dissemination of the infecting organisms to sites distal to the original tick bite. The predominant pathway for this is believed to be hematogenous dissemination. The mechanism by which the spirochetes escape circulation is unknown. Here, using intravital microscopy, where the Lyme spirochete can be observed in a living mouse, we have studied the stage in the vascular escape process where each of three surface adhesins functions to facilitate escape of the spirochete from postcapillary venules to invade mouse knee joint peripheral tissue. A complex pattern of involvement at various locations in the multistage process is described using a unique experimental approach that is applicable to other disseminating pathogens.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Borrelia burgdorferi; Tick Bites; Adhesins, Bacterial; Lyme Disease; Borrelia burgdorferi Group
PubMed: 37255427
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01254-23 -
Human Pathology Mar 1987Pneumocystis carinii, a frequent cause of pneumonia in immunocompromised patients, rarely disseminates to involve other organs. This report describes a patient with...
Pneumocystis carinii, a frequent cause of pneumonia in immunocompromised patients, rarely disseminates to involve other organs. This report describes a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and pneumocystis pneumonia in whom extrapulmonary P. carinii infection was diagnosed on duodenal and esophageal endoscopic biopsy specimens. Autopsy revealed dissemination to multiple organs.
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Duodenal Diseases; Esophageal Diseases; Humans; Male; Opportunistic Infections; Pneumocystis; Protozoan Infections
PubMed: 3493199
DOI: 10.1016/s0046-8177(87)80015-1 -
Journal of Community Psychology Sep 2023This community-engaged study aimed to understand effective strategies for disseminating online parenting resources (OPRs) in schools. OPRs were disseminated through...
This community-engaged study aimed to understand effective strategies for disseminating online parenting resources (OPRs) in schools. OPRs were disseminated through seven E-Parenting tips and eight Facebook posts. Facebook posts were viewed a total of 12,404 times, and each post reached an average of 505 people each month. Average engagement rate was 2.41% per post. E-Parenting tips yielded 1514 total clicks, and the average clicks per message was 216.29. E-Parenting tips related to internalizing problems (e.g., anxiety, depression) had a higher click rate than E-Parenting tips related to externalizing problems (e.g., oppositional behavior). OPRs disseminated through Facebook posts, and E-Parenting tips resulted in wide reach and engagement. Different media channels should be utilized to disseminate different OPRs to as many parents as possible.
Topics: Humans; Parenting; Social Media; Parents; Schools
PubMed: 37329566
DOI: 10.1002/jcop.23068