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ORL; Journal For Oto-rhino-laryngology... 2001Distant metastasis is a significant problem in patients with carcinoma of the oropharynx, occurring in approximately 15-20% off all patients over the course of the... (Review)
Review
Distant metastasis is a significant problem in patients with carcinoma of the oropharynx, occurring in approximately 15-20% off all patients over the course of the disease. It is, however, a relatively uncommon first site of failure, as compared to local and regional recurrence. Distant spread occurs most commonly to the lungs, in patients who present with advanced disease, and especially in those with pathologically proven lymph nodes at multiple levels of the neck or in the lower neck. Metastasis to distant sites also occurs more often in patients who recur locally or in the neck.
Topics: Carcinoma; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Lymphatic Metastasis; Neoplasm Metastasis; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms
PubMed: 11408817
DOI: 10.1159/000055745 -
BMC Psychiatry Jul 2020Broadening our knowledge of the longitudinal course of mood symptoms is cardinal to providing effective long-term treatments. Research indicates that patients with...
BACKGROUND
Broadening our knowledge of the longitudinal course of mood symptoms is cardinal to providing effective long-term treatments. Research indicates that patients with mental illness are willing to engage in the use of telemonitoring and mobile technology to assess and monitor their mood states. However, without the provision of distant support, adverse outcomes and events may be difficult to prevent and manage through self-monitoring. Understanding patient perspectives is important to achieving the best balance of self-monitoring, patient empowerment, and distant supporter involvement.
METHODS
This systematic review synthesises quantitative and qualitative evidence of the effectiveness and feasibility of daily/weekly/monthly remote mood monitoring that includes distant support in participants with mood disorders. Inclusion criteria comprised mood monitoring of mood disorder patients as main intervention, study design, method of monitoring, and presence of psychotherapy and psychoeducation. Effectiveness was defined by the change in depression and/or mania scores. Feasibility was determined on participant feedback and completion/attrition rates. Studies were assessed for quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool version 2018.
RESULTS
Nine studies of acceptable quality met the inclusion criteria. Distant mood monitoring was effective in improving depression scores but not mania scores. Feasibility, as measured through compliance and completion rates and participant feedback, varied.
CONCLUSION
Distant mood monitoring with support may be a useful, acceptable, and feasible intervention for diverse groups of patients in terms of age and ethnicity. Further, it may be effective in improving symptoms of depression, increasing treatment adherence, and facilitating the prevention and management of adverse outcomes. As a task-shifting intervention, distant mood monitoring may help to alleviate the burden on mental health providers in developing countries.
Topics: Affect; Bipolar Disorder; Humans; Mental Health; Mood Disorders; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 32698802
DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02782-y -
Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology Sep 2017To characterize changes in distant stereoacuity using Frisby-Davis Distance test (FD2) and Distant Randot test (DR) during treatment for anisometropic amblyopia, to...
PURPOSE
To characterize changes in distant stereoacuity using Frisby-Davis Distance test (FD2) and Distant Randot test (DR) during treatment for anisometropic amblyopia, to determine factors that influence posttreatment stereoacuity and to compare the two distant stereotests.
METHODS
Fifty-eight anisometropic amblyopic patients with an interocular difference of ≥1.00 diopter who achieved the visual acuity 20/20 following amblyopia treatment were retrospectively included. Stereoacuity using FD2 and DR for distant and Titmus test for near measurement were assessed and compared at the initial, intermediate, and final visit. Multivariate regression models were used to identify factors associated with initial and final stereoacuity.
RESULTS
The two distant stereotests revealed a significant improvement in distant stereoacuity after successful amblyopia treatment. Distant stereoacuity using FD2 showed the greatest improvement during the follow up period. The number of nil scores was higher in DR than FD2 at each period. In multivariate analysis, better final stereoacuity was associated with better initial amblyopic eye acuity in both distant stereotests, but not in the Titmus test. Comparing the two distant stereotests, final stereoacuity using FD2 was associated with initial stereoacuity and was moderately related with the Titmus test at each period, but final stereoacuity using DR was not.
CONCLUSIONS
Distant stereoacuity measured with both FD2 and DR showed significant improvement when the visual acuity of the amblyopic eye achieved 20/20. Changes in distant stereoacuity by FD2 and DR during the amblyopia treatment were somewhat different.
Topics: Amblyopia; Child; Child, Preschool; Depth Perception; Distance Perception; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Retrospective Studies; Vision Tests; Visual Acuity
PubMed: 28466097
DOI: 10.1007/s10384-017-0518-9 -
Bulletin of Experimental Biology and... Jul 2023It is known that highly diluted substances can exert a modifying effect on the initial substances without direct contact with them (distant interaction). The capability...
It is known that highly diluted substances can exert a modifying effect on the initial substances without direct contact with them (distant interaction). The capability of high dilutions of IFNγ and NaSO for the distant modifying effect was studied by the method of terahertz spectroscopy. Statistically significant differences were shown between terahertz characteristics of the initial solution of IFNγ protein and solution that had interacted with high dilutions of IFNγ; in case of sodium sulfate, no such differences were detected. Thus, high dilutions exert a distant modifying effect on the initial substances with complex spatial structure typical of biological molecules.
PubMed: 37563537
DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05862-7 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Oct 2015A substantial portion of patients with newly diagnosed gastric cancer has distant metastases (M1 disease). These patients have a very poor prognosis and it is generally... (Review)
Review
A substantial portion of patients with newly diagnosed gastric cancer has distant metastases (M1 disease). These patients have a very poor prognosis and it is generally accepted that they should be treated with noncurative intent. Because it dramatically changes prognosis and treatment plans, it is very important to diagnose distant metastases. In this article, the definition, pathways, incidence and sites of distant metastases in gastric cancer are described. Subsequently, the current performance of imaging in detecting distant metastases in newly diagnosed gastric cancer is outlined and future prospects are discussed.
Topics: Diagnostic Imaging; Endoscopy; Humans; Incidence; Laparoscopy; Lymphatic Metastasis; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Multidetector Computed Tomography; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Staging; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radionuclide Imaging; Stomach Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 26457011
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i37.10502 -
ORL; Journal For Oto-rhino-laryngology... 2001The incidence of distant metastases in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is relatively small in comparison to other malignancies. Distant metastases adversely... (Review)
Review
The incidence of distant metastases in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is relatively small in comparison to other malignancies. Distant metastases adversely impact survival and may significantly affect treatment planning. The incidence of distant metastases is influenced by location of the primary tumor, initial T and N stage of the neoplasm, and the presence or absence of regional control above the clavicle. Patients with advanced nodal disease have a high incidence of distant metastases, particularly in the presence of jugular vein invasion or extensive soft tissue disease in the neck. Primary tumors of advanced T stages in the hypopharynx, oropharynx and oral cavity are associated with the highest incidence of distant metastases. Pulmonary metastases are the most frequent in SCC, accounting for 66% of distant metastases. It may be difficult to distinguish pulmonary metastasis from a new primary tumor, particularly if solitary. Other metastatic sites include bone (22%), liver (10%), skin, mediastinum and bone marrow. An important question remains as to how intensely pre- and postoperative screening for distant metastases should be performed. Preoperative chest X-ray is warranted in all cases. If the primary tumor and nodal status place the patient at high risk for pulmonary metastasis, then preoperative computed tomography scan of the chest should be done. Screening for distant metastases at other sites is usually not indicated in SCC of the upper aerodigestive tract. Postoperatively, annual X-rays of the chest are usually sufficient, but in high-risk situations a chest X-ray performed every 3-6 months may be beneficial. Certain histologic types of primary tumor have greater or lesser propensity to metastasize distantly, and have a different natural history. Adenoid cystic carcinoma metastasizes frequently, even in the absence of extensive local or regional disease. Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma and neuroendocrine carcinomas also metastasize widely. Extensive evaluation for distant metastases is justified for these tumors. Knowledge of the natural history of various neoplasms and the factors that contribute to distant metastases as well as good judgement are essential for cost-effective treatment planning and decision-making with regard to pre- and postoperative evaluation for distant metastases in cancer of the head and neck.
Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Incidence; Liver Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Neoplasm Staging; Neoplasms, Second Primary; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating
PubMed: 11408812
DOI: 10.1159/000055740 -
Investigacion Clinica Dec 2013This article reviews studies of distant mental influence on living organisms, including mental suggestions of sleeping and awakening, mental influence at long distances,... (Review)
Review
This article reviews studies of distant mental influence on living organisms, including mental suggestions of sleeping and awakening, mental influence at long distances, mental interactions with remote biological systems, mental effects on physiological activity and the sense of being stared at. Significant effects of distant mental influence have been shown in several randomized controlled trials in humans, animals, plants, bacteria and cells in the laboratory. Although distant mental influence on living organisms appears to contradict our ordinary sense of reality and the laws defined by conventional science, several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the observed effects; they include skeptical, signal transfer, field, multidimensional space/time and quantum mechanics hypotheses. In conclusion, as the progress of physics continues to expand our comprehension of reality, a rational explanation for distant mind-matter interaction will emerge and, as history has shown repeatedly, the supernatural events will evolve into paranormal and then, into normal ones, as the scientific frontiers expand.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Mental Healing; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Mind-Body Relations, Metaphysical; Plants; Sleep; Telepathy
PubMed: 24502184
DOI: No ID Found -
Head & Neck Sep 2017Most trials in head and neck cancer emphasize locoregional control, as this is the main pattern of therapy failure. However, up to 15% of patients develop distant...
BACKGROUND
Most trials in head and neck cancer emphasize locoregional control, as this is the main pattern of therapy failure. However, up to 15% of patients develop distant metastases. The purpose of this study was to present the investigated factors associated with distant metastasis in a single-center patient cohort.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis of a single-center patient cohort over an 18-year period has been performed. We report on prevalence and incidence of distant metastasis, timing in relation to locoregional failure, Kaplan-Meier analysis for actuarial distant control rates, and univariate analysis taking into account histological, etiologic, surgical, site-dependent, stage-dependent characteristics, modality of primary therapy, and locoregional control.
RESULTS
Of 1022 patients, 141 (13.8%) were diagnosed with distant metastases involving 283 sites. Actuarial rates of distant control were 88%, 84%, 80%, and 79% at 1, 2, 5, and 10 years, respectively. Factors associated with distant metastasis are stage grouping and regional node positivity, extranodal extension, locoregional residual disease, and human papillomavirus (HPV) negative status in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
CONCLUSION
Distant metastases in head and neck cancer led to dismal prognosis. Factors associated with distant metastasis are related to characteristics of the primary tumor. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 1733-1743, 2017.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Belgium; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cause of Death; Cohort Studies; Databases, Factual; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Survival Analysis
PubMed: 28650113
DOI: 10.1002/hed.24687 -
The Journal of Thoracic and... Oct 2021The purpose of this study was to recognize clinically meaningful differences in lung transplant outcomes based on local or distant lung procurement. This could identify...
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to recognize clinically meaningful differences in lung transplant outcomes based on local or distant lung procurement. This could identify if the lung allocation policy change would influence patient outcomes.
METHODS
This single-center retrospective cohort study analyzed adult patients who underwent lung transplant from 2006 to 2017. Donor and recipient data were abstracted from a collaborative, prospective registry shared by our local organ procurement organization, and tertiary medical center. Short-term outcomes, 1-year survival, and hospitalization costs were compared between local and distant lung transplants defined by donor service area.
RESULTS
Of the 722 lung transplants performed, 392 (54%) had local donors and 330 (46%) had distant donors. Donors were similar in age and cause of death. Recipients were significantly different in diagnosis and local recipients had lower median lung allocation scores (local, 37.3 and distant, 44.9; P < .01). Distant lung transplants had longer total ischemic times (local, 231 ± 52 minutes and distant, 313 ± 48 minutes; P < .01). The rate of major complications, length of hospital stay, and 1-year survival were similar between groups. Distant lung transplants were associated with higher median overall cost (local, $183,542 and distant, $229,871; P < .01). Local lung transplants were more likely to be performed during daytime (local, 333 out of 392 [85%] and distant, 291 out of 330 [61%]; P < .01).
CONCLUSIONS
Local lung transplants are associated with shorter ischemic times, lower cost, and greater likelihood of daytime surgery. Short- and intermediate-term outcomes are similar for lung transplants from local and distant donors. The new lung allocation policy, with higher proportion of distant lung transplants, is likely to incur greater costs but provide similar outcomes.
Topics: Adult; Cold Ischemia; Female; Graft Survival; Humans; Lung; Lung Transplantation; Male; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Policy Making; Postoperative Complications; Registries; Resource Allocation; Retrospective Studies; Tertiary Care Centers; Tissue Donors; Tissue and Organ Procurement; Topography, Medical; Transplants; United States
PubMed: 32977961
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.07.115 -
PloS One 2023Human papilloma virus (HPV)-related tonsil cancer is associated with favorable outcomes.
BACKGROUND
Human papilloma virus (HPV)-related tonsil cancer is associated with favorable outcomes.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to define factors affecting distant metastasis in patients with surgically treated HPV-positive tonsil cancer.
METHODS
The present study enrolled 76 patients diagnosed with HPV-positive tonsil cancer who underwent primary surgery between January 2010 and December 2021.
RESULTS
Twelve (15.7%) patients experienced a distant failure with a median follow-up time of 43 months. Sites of distant metastasis included the lung (n = 10), liver (n = 1), and brain (n = 1). Upon multivariate analysis, an advanced T stage (odds ratio [OR]: 13.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29-149.863, p = 0.003) and margin involvement (OR: 5.96, 95% CI: 1.33-26.76, p = 0.02) were independent predictors of distant metastases. The five-year disease-specific survival for the entire cohort was 85%. The multivariate analysis confirmed that distant metastasis (hazard ratio [HR]: 12.688, 95% CI: 3.424-47.016; p < 0.001) and margin involvement (HR: 6.243; 95% CI: 1.681-23.191; p = 0.006) were significant factors associated with the five-year disease-specific survival.
CONCLUSION
HPV-positive tonsil cancer patients with an advanced T stage and a positive surgical margin have a substantial risk of distant metastases. Distant metastasis and margin involvement are factors that affect their survival.
Topics: Humans; Tonsillar Neoplasms; Papillomavirus Infections; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Multivariate Analysis; Proportional Hazards Models; Retrospective Studies; Prognosis; Neoplasm Staging; Neoplasm Metastasis
PubMed: 36943852
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283368