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Journal of Hand Surgery (Edinburgh,... Feb 1989The dorsal carpal ligaments were studied in 50 embalmed wrists. The radial collateral ligament was thin and oblique. The distribution of the dorsal radio-carpal ligament... (Review)
Review
The dorsal carpal ligaments were studied in 50 embalmed wrists. The radial collateral ligament was thin and oblique. The distribution of the dorsal radio-carpal ligament varied and it was classified into four subtypes. Neither ulnar collateral ligament nor dorsal radio-ulnar ligament was isolated as a discrete structure: instead, there were confluent soft tissues on the dorso-ulnar aspect of the wrist. The dorsal radio-carpal ligament and the dorso-ulnar component of the triangular fibro-cartilage complex, as well as the fibrous septa and the extensor tendons, were found to be the most important stabilizers of the wrist dorsally.
Topics: Humans; Ligaments, Articular; Wrist Joint
PubMed: 2647876
DOI: 10.1016/0266-7681(89)90025-9 -
Der Orthopade Jun 2010
Topics: Decompression, Surgical; Humans; Spinal Cord Compression; Spinal Stenosis
PubMed: 20449564
DOI: 10.1007/s00132-009-1584-6 -
Primates; Journal of Primatology Apr 2009We surveyed the literature and obtained information from primate researchers and zookeepers to study the distribution of dorsal carriage among 77 simian species... (Review)
Review
We surveyed the literature and obtained information from primate researchers and zookeepers to study the distribution of dorsal carriage among 77 simian species including New and Old World monkeys and apes in relation to arboreality and terrestriality, birth (litter) weight relative to maternal weight, and presence or absence of distinct natal coat colors. All New World monkeys are arboreal and commonly carry their infants dorsally. Conversely, arboreal Old World monkeys do not use dorsal carriage, and only some predominantly terrestrial Old World monkeys do so. Whereas lesser apes (which are highly arboreal) do not use dorsal carriage, arboreal as well as more terrestrial great apes commonly carry their infants dorsally. These findings indicate that simple arboreality or terrestriality is inadequate to explain dorsal carriage by monkeys. Infants of small- to medium-sized New World monkeys have relatively high birth weight compared with maternal weight, and are most likely to be carried dorsally than ventrally even on the first postnatal day. In contrast, infants of large-bodied New World monkeys are carried ventrally first and then dorsally up to the end of their second year, albeit increasingly infrequently. Among Old World monkeys, no association was found between mode of infant transport and birth weight relative to maternal weight, but some terrestrial Old World monkeys displaying dorsal carriage tend to do so with older infants, indicating that such behavior enables the mother to transport the infant with lower energy expenditure. Among terrestrial Old World monkeys, infants with distinctive natal coat colors are rarely carried dorsally until the natal coat color changes to adult coloration: infants with distinctive coat colors clinging to the backs of carriers could be highly visible and thus vulnerable to predation. Dorsal carriage by mothers may prolong the affiliative mother-infant relationship.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Haplorhini; Maternal Behavior; Species Specificity
PubMed: 19274474
DOI: 10.1007/s10329-009-0134-5 -
Veterinary Dermatology Aug 2023An approximately one-year-old intact male domestic short hair cat was presented with plantigrade stance and dorsally duplicated paw pads in all limbs covered by...
An approximately one-year-old intact male domestic short hair cat was presented with plantigrade stance and dorsally duplicated paw pads in all limbs covered by hyperkeratotic material. True nails were rudimentary and located between the dorsal and ventral digital pads. Histologically, the biopsied duplicated dorsal paw pad was completely developed (paw pad choristoma).
Topics: Cats; Male; Animals; Foot; Skin; Extremities
PubMed: 36855291
DOI: 10.1111/vde.13153 -
Consciousness and Cognition Sep 2015With the introduction of continuous flash suppression (CFS) as a method to render stimuli invisible and study unconscious visual processing, a novel hypothesis has... (Review)
Review
With the introduction of continuous flash suppression (CFS) as a method to render stimuli invisible and study unconscious visual processing, a novel hypothesis has gained popularity. It states that processes typically ascribed to the dorsal visual stream can escape CFS and remain functional, while ventral stream processes are suppressed when stimuli are invisible under CFS. This notion of a CFS-specific "dorsal processing bias" has been argued to be in line with core characteristics of the influential dual-stream hypothesis of visual processing which proposes a dissociation between dorsally mediated vision-for-action and ventrally mediated vision-for-perception. Here, we provide an overview of neuroimaging and behavioral studies that either examine this dorsal processing bias or base their conclusions on it. We show that both evidence for preserved ventral processing as well as lack of dorsal processing can be found in studies using CFS. To reconcile the diverging results, differences in the paradigms and their effects are worthy of future research. We conclude that given the current level of information a dorsal processing bias under CFS cannot be universally assumed.
Topics: Brain; Functional Neuroimaging; Humans; Perceptual Masking; Visual Perception
PubMed: 25649867
DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2014.12.010 -
Canadian Journal of Physiology and... Apr 2017The main aim of the present review is to provide at first a short survey of the basic anatomical description of sensory ganglion neurons in relation to cell size,... (Review)
Review
The main aim of the present review is to provide at first a short survey of the basic anatomical description of sensory ganglion neurons in relation to cell size, conduction velocity, thickness of myelin sheath, and functional classification of their processes. In addition, we have focused on discussing current knowledge about the distribution pattern of neuronal nitric oxide synthase containing sensory neurons especially in the dorsal root ganglia in different animal species; hence, there is a large controversy in relation to interpretation of the results dealing with this interesting field of research.
Topics: Animals; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Ganglia, Spinal; Nerve Fibers, Myelinated; Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated; Neurons, Afferent; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Substance P
PubMed: 28103057
DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0294 -
The Journal of Urology Jan 1996Dorsal free graft urethroplasty was performed to reduce the incidence of urethrocele.
PURPOSE
Dorsal free graft urethroplasty was performed to reduce the incidence of urethrocele.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We treated 12 patients with penile and 13 with bulbous strictures. Of the 13 patients with a bulbous stricture 6 received a dorsally placed tube graft and 7 received a patch graft.
RESULTS
Temporary fistulas were seen on postoperative urethrography in 5 cases but they all resolved spontaneously. At a mean followup of 35.8 months clinical and radiological findings were excellent in 23 cases and good in 2. No signs of graft weakening, such as post-void dribbling or diminished ejaculation, were apparent.
CONCLUSIONS
The use of free skin grafts for urethral reconstruction is anatomically healthier in the dorsal than in the ventral position.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Penis; Skin Transplantation; Time Factors; Urethra; Urethral Stricture
PubMed: 7490808
DOI: No ID Found -
Hand Surgery & Rehabilitation Apr 2021Reconstruction of the dorsum of the hand and fingers is one of the main challenges in hand surgery. Regional flaps from the forearm, free flaps, or pocket procedures are...
Reconstruction of the dorsum of the hand and fingers is one of the main challenges in hand surgery. Regional flaps from the forearm, free flaps, or pocket procedures are options when multiple digits are injured with tendon damage and bone exposure. These procedures can be technically demanding and are often plagued by a texture mismatch. We conducted an anatomical study of 20 fresh frozen hands. The second, third and fourth intermetacarpal spaces were analyzed with the aim of defining the vascular foundation of dorsal hand adipofascial-turnover flaps based on dorsal metacarpal artery (DMA) perforators, analyzing their potential for reconstruction procedures on the dorsum of the hand. In three cases, the 4th intermetacarpal space lacked the DMA. A mean of 3.5 arterial communications were found between the DMA and palmar arterial system. Each hand had 11 ± 2 dorsal skin perforators, which were equally distributed among different intermetacarpal spaces. At least one perforator was present in each one-third of the space. The most distal perforators were the largest in all spaces but missing in two hands. A clinical case of multiple index finger to little finger reconstruction with this new multi-dorsal metacarpal artery perforator (mDMAP) adipofascial turnover flap is presented. Our anatomical study confirmed previous descriptions of the anatomy of the dorsum of the hand. It supports the safety of the mDMAP adipofascial turnover flap based on all distal arterial perforator for the simultaneous reconstruction of index to little finger injuries. Similarly, adipofascial turnover flaps can be raised from more proximal perforators arising from DMAs if more than one intermetacarpal space is included.
Topics: Arteries; Finger Injuries; Fingers; Free Tissue Flaps; Humans; Metacarpal Bones
PubMed: 33309981
DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2020.11.004 -
Journal of Wrist Surgery Sep 2018This study aims to evaluate the long-term complications, results, and patient satisfaction rates of a dorsally approached ulnar shortening osteotomy for ulnar...
This study aims to evaluate the long-term complications, results, and patient satisfaction rates of a dorsally approached ulnar shortening osteotomy for ulnar impaction syndrome. A retrospective chart review of 20 patients was performed. Primary outcomes of interest were subjective, measured using the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) score, Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score, and the third questionnaire about patient satisfaction, composed by the authors. Secondary outcomes included hardware removal due to irritation and other complications. Mean postoperative functional score of PRWE was 28 (standard deviation [SD], 30) and DASH 20 (SD, 26), respectively. Fifteen patients were satisfied with the operation. Removal of hardware was noted in six patients. In one patient plate breakage occurred. Similar postoperative functional scores and complications were seen in patients undergoing an ulnar shortening osteotomy with a dorsally placed plate for ulnar impaction syndrome, compared with other plate placement localizations. The incidence of plate removal is also comparable to previously described results. As the dorsally placed plate and freehand technique, are relatively easy, we feel that it has a place in the treatment of ulnar impaction syndrome. Level IV, retrospective cohort study.
PubMed: 30302301
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608636 -
Hand Surgery & Rehabilitation Dec 2021
Topics: Carpal Bones; Humans; Infant; Joint Dislocations; Trapezoid Bone
PubMed: 34339885
DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2021.07.006