-
Pharmaceutical Development and... 2008Controlled release solid oral dosage forms have been widely used for decades, enabling drugs to be administered more comfortably while at the same time providing a... (Review)
Review
Controlled release solid oral dosage forms have been widely used for decades, enabling drugs to be administered more comfortably while at the same time providing a sustained and reproducible method of release. (Meth)acrylate copolymers are one of the options available when considering a sustained release solid form. Due to their different functionalities it is possible to achieve various different release profiles. The electrical character of these copolymers and their pH-dependent solubility can result in new and modified patterns when these polymers are combined. This review sheds light on various studies involving combinations of (meth)acrylate copolymers for use in multi-unit systems and matrix tablets, and also on several analytical methods that help to identify possible interactions between these polymers.
Topics: Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drug Carriers; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Polymethacrylic Acids; Solubility; Tablets
PubMed: 18720248
DOI: 10.1080/10837450802202098 -
International Journal of Pharmaceutics Jul 2023Recently, we have shown in dogs that the gastric residence time of expandable fibrous dosage forms can be prolonged by coating the fibers with a semi-permeable,...
Recently, we have shown in dogs that the gastric residence time of expandable fibrous dosage forms can be prolonged by coating the fibers with a semi-permeable, strengthening coating. In this work on pigs, the effect of the volume fraction of the coating, φ, on the expansion, mechanical strength, and gastric residence time is investigated. Three methacrylic acid-ethyl acrylate-coated fibrous dosage forms with φ = 0.025, 0.041, and 0.068 were prepared and tested. Upon administering to a pig, the dosage forms expanded to a normalized radial expansion of 0.5-0.6 in 5, 8, and 10 h, respectively. The expanded dosage forms resided in the stomach and fragmented after 11, 25, and 31 h. The fragments then passed into the intestines and dissolved in 2-3 h. Models suggest that upon contact with gastric fluid, a hydrostatic pressure develops in the fibers due to the inward diffusion of water. The hydrostatic pressure in turn induces a tensile stress in the coating and the dosage form expands. The tensile stress and the expansion rate are inversely proportional to φ. The expanded dosage form eventually fractures due to the loads applied by the contracting stomach walls. The post-expansion mechanical strength and the time to fracture increase steeply with φ. The models predict the experimental results reasonably well. Thus, by increasing φ, dosage form fracture is delayed and the gastric residence time prolonged.
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Swine; Drug Delivery Systems; Delayed-Action Preparations; Stomach; Dosage Forms
PubMed: 36464110
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122378 -
Irish Journal of Medical Science Jul 1974
Review
Topics: Administration, Oral; Biopharmaceutics; Capsules; Crystallization; Delayed-Action Preparations; Digoxin; Dosage Forms; Intestinal Absorption; Pharmaceutic Aids; Salts; Solubility; Surface Properties; Tablets; Therapeutic Equivalency
PubMed: 4605123
DOI: 10.1007/BF03004763 -
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Jul 2007The following is a review of the literature that addresses the use of cyclodextrin in solid dosage forms. Care was taken to exclude physical and chemical characteristics... (Review)
Review
The following is a review of the literature that addresses the use of cyclodextrin in solid dosage forms. Care was taken to exclude physical and chemical characteristics of cyclodextrin, which have been discussed in the literature. A flow diagram is provided to outline the decision-making steps that are involved in the development process. Both preparation of physical mixtures and inclusion complexes are considered. Analytical techniques to determine the presence of inclusion complexes, the effect of other excipients on complex formation, the effect of size limitation of solid dosages forms, powder processing, and storage of solid dosage forms are discussed.
Topics: Algorithms; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Cyclodextrins; Dosage Forms; Drug Carriers; Drug Compounding; Drug Stability; Drug Storage; Excipients; Models, Chemical; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Powders; Solubility; Technology, Pharmaceutical
PubMed: 17243148
DOI: 10.1002/jps.20831 -
Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery 2023With the increase in the elderly population and the prevalence of multiple medical conditions, medication adherence, and efficacy have become crucial for the effective... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
With the increase in the elderly population and the prevalence of multiple medical conditions, medication adherence, and efficacy have become crucial for the effective management of their health. The aging population faces unique challenges that need to be addressed through advancements in drug delivery systems and formulation technologies.
AREAS COVERED
The current review highlights the recent advances in dosage form design for older individuals, with consideration of their specific physiological and cognitive changes. Various dosage forms, such as modified-release tablets/capsules, chewable tablets, and transdermal patches, can be tailored to meet the specific needs of elderly patients. Advancements in drug delivery systems, such as nanotherapeutics, additive manufacturing (three-dimensional printing), and drug-food combinations, improve drug delivery and efficacy and overcome challenges, such as dysphagia and medication adherence.
EXPERT OPINION
Regulatory guidelines and considerations are crucial in ensuring the safe utilization of medications among older adults. Important factors to consider include geriatric-specific guidelines, safety considerations, labeling requirements, clinical trial considerations, and adherence and accessibility considerations.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Drug Delivery Systems; Tablets; Capsules; Dosage Forms
PubMed: 37978899
DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2286368 -
Pharmaceutical Research Sep 2019Pharmaceutical formulations are complex systems consisting of active pharmaceutical ingredient(s) and a number of excipients selected to provide the intended performance... (Review)
Review
Pharmaceutical formulations are complex systems consisting of active pharmaceutical ingredient(s) and a number of excipients selected to provide the intended performance of the product. The understanding of materials' properties and technological processes is a requirement for building quality into pharmaceutical products. Such understanding is gained mostly from empirical correlations of material and process factors with quality attributes of the final product. However, it seems also important to gain knowledge based on mechanistic considerations. Promising is here to study morphological and/or topological characteristics of particles and their aggregates. These geometric aspects must be taken into account to better understand how product attributes emerge from raw materials, which includes, for example, mechanical tablet properties, disintegration or dissolution behavior. Regulatory agencies worldwide are promoting the use of physical models in pharmaceutics to design quality into a final product. This review deals with pharmaceutical applications of theoretical models, focusing on percolation theory, fractal, and multifractal geometry. The use of these so-called fractal approaches improves the understanding of different aspects in the development of solid dosage forms, for example by identifying critical drug and excipient concentrations, as well as to study effects of heterogeneity on dosage form performance. The aim is to link micro- and macrostructure to the emerging quality attributes of the pharmaceutical solid dosage forms as a strategy to enhance mechanistic understanding and to advance pharmaceutical development and manufacturing processes.
Topics: Dosage Forms; Drug Compounding; Excipients; Fractals; Humans; Tablets
PubMed: 31493266
DOI: 10.1007/s11095-019-2685-5 -
Pharmaceutical Development and... Aug 1997
Topics: Capsules; Dosage Forms; Powders; Tablets
PubMed: 9552446
DOI: 10.3109/10837459709031438 -
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Oct 2020Emerging 3D printing technologies offer an exciting opportunity to create customized 3D objects additively from a digital design file. 3D printing may be further...
Emerging 3D printing technologies offer an exciting opportunity to create customized 3D objects additively from a digital design file. 3D printing may be further leveraged for personalized medicine, clinical trial, and controlled release applications. A wide variety of 3D printing methods exists, and many studies focus on extrusion-based 3D printing techniques that closely resemble hot melt extrusion. In this paper, we explore different pharmaceutical-grade feedstock materials for creating tablet-like dosage forms using a binder jet 3D printing method. In this method, pharmaceutical-grade powders are repeatedly spread onto a build plate, followed by inkjet printing a liquid binder to selectively bind the powders in a predetermined pattern. The physical properties of the pharmaceutical-grade powders and binders have been characterized and a molding method has been developed to select appropriate powder and binder materials for subsequent printing experiments. There was a correlation between the breaking forces of the molded and printed samples, but no clear correlation was observed for disintegration time, which was primarily controlled by the higher porosity of the printed samples. The breaking force and disintegration properties of as-printed and post-processed samples containing indomethacin as an active pharmaceutical ingredient have been measured and compared with relevant literature data.
Topics: Dosage Forms; Excipients; Indomethacin; Printing, Three-Dimensional; Tablets; Technology, Pharmaceutical
PubMed: 32628950
DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.06.027 -
Antibiotiki I Khimioterapiia =... Sep 1990
Review
Topics: Dosage Forms; Drug Stability; Excipients; Humans; Interferons; Suppositories
PubMed: 1703402
DOI: No ID Found -
Pharmaceutica Acta Helvetiae 1978
Review
Topics: Acrylates; Albumins; Capsules; Caseins; Diffusion; Dosage Forms; Drug Compounding; Gelatin; Micelles; Microspheres; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; Particle Size; Polymers
PubMed: 353818
DOI: No ID Found