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MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly... Dec 2017Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease) is caused by Dracunculus medinensis, a parasitic worm. Approximately 1 year after a person acquires infection from contaminated...
Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease) is caused by Dracunculus medinensis, a parasitic worm. Approximately 1 year after a person acquires infection from contaminated drinking water, the worm emerges through the skin, usually on a lower limb (1). Pain and secondary bacterial infection can cause temporary or permanent disability that disrupts work and schooling. The campaign to eradicate dracunculiasis worldwide began in 1980 at CDC. In 1986, the World Health Assembly called for dracunculiasis elimination,* and the global Guinea Worm Eradication Program, led by the Carter Center and supported by the World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Children's Fund, CDC, and other partners, began assisting ministries of health in countries with endemic dracunculiasis. In 1986, an estimated 3.5 million cases occurred each year in 20 countries in Africa and Asia (2). Since then, although the goal of eradicating dracunculiasis has not been achieved, considerable progress has been made. Compared with the 1986 estimate, the annual number of reported cases in 2016 has declined by >99%, and cases are confined to three countries with endemic disease. This report updates published (3-4) and unpublished surveillance data reported by ministries of health and describes progress toward dracunculiasis eradication during January 2016-June 2017. In 2016, a total of 25 cases were reported from three countries (Chad [16], South Sudan [six], Ethiopia [three]), compared with 22 cases reported from the same three countries and Mali in 2015 (Table 1). The 14% increase in cases from 2015 to 2016 was offset by the 25% reduction in number of countries with indigenous cases. During the first 6 months of 2017, the overall number of cases declined to eight, all in Chad, from 10 cases in three countries (Chad [four], South Sudan [four] and Ethiopia [two]) during the same period of 2016. Continued active surveillance, aggressive detection, and appropriate management of cases are essential eradication program components; however, epidemiologic challenges, civil unrest, and insecurity pose potential barriers to eradication.
Topics: Disease Eradication; Dracunculiasis; Global Health; Humans
PubMed: 29216028
DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6648a3 -
The Journal of Urology Jun 1969
Topics: Abscess; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Dracunculiasis; Dracunculus Nematode; Humans; India; Male; Middle Aged; Radiography; Retrospective Studies; Scrotum; Water Pollution
PubMed: 4239003
DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)62447-9 -
MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly... Feb 1995Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease)--a disabling infection that affects persons in 16 African and three Asian countries--has been targeted by the World Health...
Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease)--a disabling infection that affects persons in 16 African and three Asian countries--has been targeted by the World Health Organization (WHO) for global eradication by the end of 1995. A total of 221,055 cases were reported to WHO for 1993 (1). Efforts to eradicate dracunculiasis in each of the 19 affected countries are focused on interrupting all transmission. This report summarizes the impact of Pakistan's Guinea Worm Eradication Program (GWEP).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Topics: Dracunculiasis; Humans; International Cooperation; Pakistan; Program Evaluation
PubMed: 7845347
DOI: No ID Found -
Social Science & Medicine (1982) Nov 1996A broad ranging discussion of the basic nature of guinea worm disease, fused with personal field observations in Ghana, shows its long-overlooked serious clinical... (Review)
Review
A broad ranging discussion of the basic nature of guinea worm disease, fused with personal field observations in Ghana, shows its long-overlooked serious clinical aspects, and the many environmental and social influences that explain its persistence in the face of control efforts. It is a disease of neglect par excellence in remote rural areas. The global eradication campaign (which is not reviewed here) may be expected to come to closure over the next half decade. This account offers an overview, synthesis, and interpretation of a fascinating example in disease ecology at the time of its global vanishing.
Topics: Community Participation; Disabled Persons; Dracunculiasis; Ghana; Health Education; Humans; Population Surveillance; Seasons; Water Microbiology
PubMed: 8913009
DOI: 10.1016/0277-9536(96)00043-3 -
Transactions of the Royal Society of... May 2014The International Commission for the Certification of Dracunculiasis Eradication (ICCDE) met in December to review progress towards eradication. The status of the...
The International Commission for the Certification of Dracunculiasis Eradication (ICCDE) met in December to review progress towards eradication. The status of the programme was presented by WHO and The Carter Center, Atlanta. The Commission received reports from international certification teams that Cote d'Ivoire, Niger and Nigeria were free of transmission and should be certified, while four countries, namely Chad, Ethiopia, Mali and South Sudan, remained endemic. The Commission certified that Somalia and South Africa were free of transmission. During 2013, there was a decline of about 78% in the numbers of cases reported in South Sudan. A report of the perplexing dracunculiasis epidemiology in Chad was also discussed, where dogs have been found to be infected with Dracunculus medinensis.
Topics: Africa; Animals; Certification; Disease Eradication; Dogs; Dracunculiasis; Dracunculus Nematode; Global Health; Humans; National Health Programs; Population Surveillance; Water; Water Supply; World Health Organization
PubMed: 24699360
DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/tru039 -
Releve Epidemiologique Hebdomadaire Aug 2014
Topics: Chad; Disease Eradication; Dracunculiasis; Ethiopia; Ghana; Global Health; Humans; Kenya; Sudan
PubMed: 25136722
DOI: No ID Found -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Nov 1975
Topics: Dracunculiasis; Female; Humans; Male; Saudi Arabia
PubMed: 129578
DOI: No ID Found -
Pathology Dec 2014
Topics: Adult; Animals; Australia; Dracunculiasis; Dracunculus Nematode; Foot; Foreign Bodies; Humans; Male; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 25393260
DOI: 10.1097/PAT.0000000000000169 -
The American Journal of Tropical... Jul 1987A campaign to eradicate dracunculiasis has been underway from the beginning of the International Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Decade (1981-1990), since providing...
A campaign to eradicate dracunculiasis has been underway from the beginning of the International Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Decade (1981-1990), since providing safe drinking water is the most effective means to prevent that disease. About 120 million persons are estimated to be at risk of the infection in Africa, and 20 million more in India and Pakistan. Both major endemic countries in Asia have begun efforts to eliminate the disease, and by the end of 1986, national anti-dracunculiasis programs were underway or planned in 8 of the 19 affected African countries. In May 1986, the World Health Assembly adopted a resolution on the elimination of dracunculiasis-the first such resolution since the successful Smallpox Eradication Program. India, which began its Guinea Worm Eradication Program in 1980, has already eliminated the disease from one of seven endemic states, and reduced the total number of cases found through active surveillance by 35% between 1983 and 1985. In Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast), the only African country to conduct active surveillance for dracunculiasis so far, an aggressive combined program of rural water supply, health education, and active surveillance has reduced the disease from 4,971 cases in 1976 to 592 cases in 1985.
Topics: Africa; Cote d'Ivoire; Dracunculiasis; Health Education; Humans; India; Pakistan; Water Supply
PubMed: 3037931
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1987.37.115 -
MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly... Oct 2015Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease) is caused by Dracunculus medinensis, a parasitic worm. Approximately 1 year after a person acquires infection from contaminated...
Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease) is caused by Dracunculus medinensis, a parasitic worm. Approximately 1 year after a person acquires infection from contaminated drinking water, the worm emerges through the skin, usually on the lower limb. Pain and secondary bacterial infection can cause temporary or permanent disability that disrupts work and schooling. The campaign to eradicate dracunculiasis worldwide began in 1980 at CDC. In 1986, the World Health Assembly called for dracunculiasis elimination, and the global Guinea Worm Eradication Program, led by the Carter Center and supported by the World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), CDC, and other partners, began assisting ministries of health in countries where dracunculiasis was endemic. In 1986, an estimated 3.5 million cases occurred each year in 20 countries in Africa and Asia. Since then, although the goal of eradicating dracunculiasis has not been achieved, considerable progress has been made. Compared with the 1986 estimate, the annual number of reported cases in 2015 has been reduced by 99% and cases are confined to four endemic countries. This report updates published and unpublished surveillance data reported by ministries of health and describes progress toward dracunculiasis eradication from January 2014 through June 2015. During 2014, a total of 126 cases were reported from four countries (Chad [13 cases], Ethiopia [three], Mali [40], and South Sudan [70]), compared with 148 cases reported in 2013, from the same four countries. The overall 15% reduction in cases during 2013–2014 was less than that experienced in recent years, but the rate of decline increased again to 70% in the first 6 months of 2015 compared with the same period during 2014. Continued active surveillance with aggressive detection and appropriate management of cases are essential program components; however, epidemiologic challenges and civil unrest and insecurity pose potential barriers to eradication.
Topics: Disease Eradication; Dracunculiasis; Global Health; Humans
PubMed: 26492134
DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6441a1