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The National Medical Journal of India 2022
Topics: Humans; Dry Ice; Frostbite
PubMed: 37167517
DOI: 10.25259/NMJI_35_6_374 -
Asian Journal of Anesthesiology Mar 2021
Topics: Amputation, Surgical; Dry Ice; Gangrene; Humans
PubMed: 33730799
DOI: 10.6859/aja.202103_59(1).0006 -
Journal of Chromatography. A Jan 2019Extraction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into a condensed phase requires maximizing the surface-to-volume ratio of the extracting medium. In the case of the...
Extraction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into a condensed phase requires maximizing the surface-to-volume ratio of the extracting medium. In the case of the solid-phase extracting media, the surface-to-volume ratio can be increased by implementing porous monoliths or particles with different size. In the case of the liquid-phase extracting media, the surface-to-volume ratio can be increased by generating microbubbles or aerosol microdroplets. Here, we propose dry ice fog extraction (DIFE) approach. Briefly, aerosol microdroplets are generated by inserting dry ice into the extraction solvent. The produced fog, containing high-density microdroplets, is directed toward the sample headspace, where the gas-liquid extraction occurs. The microdroplets, containing the extracted VOCs, subsequently coalesce on a cold surface. The movement of the microdroplets is facilitated by a small pressure difference between the fog generator and the extract collector. Within several minutes, a few hundred microliters of the extract are collected, which is sufficient for chromatographic and mass spectrometric analyses. In this proof-of-concept study, the DIFE approach was characterized by using gas chromatography coupled with electron ionization mass spectrometry (MS), as well as direct infusion atmospheric pressure chemical ionization MS. The limits of detection for linalool and menthol were 2.0 × 10 and 4.7 × 10 M, respectively. The method was further applied in analyses of VOCs emanating from a variety of liquid and solid matrices (e-cigarette "vapor", cinnamon branch, curly spearmint leaves, lily petal, garlic bulb, ginger root, mouthwash, shampoo, spoiled seafood, toothpaste, and red wine). DIFE effectively isolated the VOCs associated with these complex matrices.
Topics: Chemistry Techniques, Analytical; Dry Ice; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Limit of Detection; Volatile Organic Compounds
PubMed: 30502919
DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.11.052 -
Analytical Biochemistry Nov 2020Dry ice (solid CO) remains highly useful when temperature-sensitive biological samples need to be cryogenically transported. CO released during the sublimation of dry...
Dry ice (solid CO) remains highly useful when temperature-sensitive biological samples need to be cryogenically transported. CO released during the sublimation of dry ice can diffuse through gas permeable receptacle material or any defective seals resulting in potential sample acidification and compromised integrity. In addition, the quality of cryopreservation can be undermined once the dry ice is exhausted. The dry ice carrier design described here has been demonstrated to prevent sublimated CO from reaching the samples while maintaining storage temperature below -60 °C for 19 h. It is also equipped with microcontroller-based temperature monitoring for traceability and CO gas monitoring for safety.
Topics: Carbon Dioxide; Cold Temperature; Cryopreservation; Dry Ice; Equipment Design; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Sublimation, Chemical; Time Factors; Transportation
PubMed: 32795454
DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113906 -
Physical Review. E Feb 2021Friction reduction is a major issue in multiple domains, and lubrication is often used in order to achieve it. Gas lubrication is a very efficient way to increase...
Friction reduction is a major issue in multiple domains, and lubrication is often used in order to achieve it. Gas lubrication is a very efficient way to increase slipperiness, reducing the friction coefficient to almost zero. The main challenge with gas lubrication is to keep the gas inside the contact area due to the fact that it is easily squeezed out because of its low viscosity. Here we use the Leidenfrost effect to form a lubricating gas layer in between a disk of dry ice and a substrate, thus leading to lubricated friction. The gas is continuously provided by sublimation due to the temperature difference between dry ice and substrate. We perform different experiments on dry ice, measuring friction and parameters inside the gas layer. We then chart the crossover from high to low friction as a function of pressure and temperature, and we reveal the role of gas layer thickness. The substrate temperature and macroscopic pressure are found to strongly affect the friction, and very low friction is reached only in particular conditions. These conditions are easily controlled through external parameters, which allows us to use the Leidenfrost effect to efficiently modify friction.
PubMed: 33735981
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.103.023002 -
Journal of Chemical Education Mar 2022A culinary exploration of the role of CO in leavening is described. This demonstration substitutes dry ice for chemical leaveners in order to achieve the same pancake...
A culinary exploration of the role of CO in leavening is described. This demonstration substitutes dry ice for chemical leaveners in order to achieve the same pancake fluffiness. Under the universal framework of food and cooking, we developed this activity to bring aspects of phase transitions and chemical transformations to a broad audience.
PubMed: 35287270
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.1c00896 -
Journal of Chemical Health & Safety May 2023Dry ice is widely used in the chemistry research settings as an excellent coolant. Herein, we report a case study of a graduate student researcher who lost consciousness...
Dry ice is widely used in the chemistry research settings as an excellent coolant. Herein, we report a case study of a graduate student researcher who lost consciousness while retrieving 180 lbs of dry ice from a deep dry ice container. We share the details of the incident and the lessons learned from it to promote safer handling of dry ice in these situations.
PubMed: 37235060
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chas.3c00027 -
Journal of Cell Science Nov 2019This paper describes a simple, hazard-free and inexpensive procedure that allows researchers to send cultured cells across the globe at ambient temperatures. The method...
This paper describes a simple, hazard-free and inexpensive procedure that allows researchers to send cultured cells across the globe at ambient temperatures. The method enables transit of up to 2 weeks without compromising cell recovery. Its use will assist collaborators in distant laboratories to exchange cells without using dry-ice.
Topics: Animals; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Survival; Dry Ice; Ice; Laboratories; Rats; Time Factors
PubMed: 31578238
DOI: 10.1242/jcs.238139 -
The National Medical Journal of India 2020Superficial corneal foreign bodies (FBs) are a common occupational ocular hazard and can cause visually important astigmatism. A 23-year-old male working in a factory,...
Superficial corneal foreign bodies (FBs) are a common occupational ocular hazard and can cause visually important astigmatism. A 23-year-old male working in a factory, which produced dry ice (solid carbon dioxide), presented to our emergency unit with symptoms of whitish discolouration of the right cornea for 1 day. Visual acuity in both eyes was 20/20 and slit-lamp examination of the right eye revealed an irregularly shaped whitish superficial FB in the inferior paracentral cornea with surrounding superior nebular opacity. Its gentle removal with a moistened cotton bud revealed an underlying epithelial defect with residual whitish changes. At 1-month of follow-up, the patient had nebulo-macular corneal opacity with stromal thinning at the site of impacted dry ice. We speculate that dry ice causes corneal damage due to its extremely cold temperatures and the formation of carbonic acid.
Topics: Adult; Cornea; Corneal Opacity; Dry Ice; Eye Foreign Bodies; Humans; Male; Visual Acuity; Young Adult
PubMed: 34213455
DOI: 10.4103/0970-258X.317461 -
Synlett : Accounts and Rapid... May 2021The use of carbon dioxide as a C1 chemical feedstock remains an active field of research. Here we showcase the use of milled dry ice as a method to promote the...
The use of carbon dioxide as a C1 chemical feedstock remains an active field of research. Here we showcase the use of milled dry ice as a method to promote the availability of CO in a reaction solution, permitting practical synthesis of arylcarboxylic acids. Notably, the use of milled dry ice produces marked increases in yields relative to those obtained with gaseous CO, as previously reported in the literature.
PubMed: 36120490
DOI: 10.1055/a-1384-0159