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Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... 2023The process of decoverslipping is often required in a laboratory to review or examine an older slide which tends to fade over time, making it almost impossible to use it...
BACKGROUND
The process of decoverslipping is often required in a laboratory to review or examine an older slide which tends to fade over time, making it almost impossible to use it for research or study purposes. The sections then need to be re-stained which can only be done after removing the coverslip. The traditional method of decoverslipping using xylene is a time-consuming process. Various methods have been used in the past; however, none were found to be completely effective. Dry ice, the solid form of carbon dioxide, is an easily available, cheap cooling agent with a low freezing temperature (-78.5°C) which was evaluated for its efficacy in decoverslipping process, as an alternative to xylene.
MATERIALS AND METHOD
64 faded haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained histopathology slides were randomly selected and segregated, according to duration of year, into eight major groups. Each group was further divided into four subgroups according to the time that the slides were subjected for decoverslipping. The slides were placed on dry ice and the time was set. Once the coverslip was removed, the slides were placed in xylene to remove any residual mountant. The tissue sections were evaluated for physical disfigurement followed by re-staining with H&E to check for any change in tissue morphology.
RESULT
The mean time taken for removal of coverslip using dry ice was 35 seconds.
CONCLUSION
This technique is easy, fast, and effective, with no tissue loss or compromise in staining quality, thereby preventing xylene toxicity and its effect on the environment.
PubMed: 38033942
DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_332_22 -
British Poultry Science Apr 20181. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dry-ice decontamination on equipment and carcase surfaces in a poultry slaughterhouse and to present an...
1. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dry-ice decontamination on equipment and carcase surfaces in a poultry slaughterhouse and to present an effective alternative method to the conventional decontamination processes. 2. Appreciable reductions occurred in total aerobic mesophilic bacterial counts of surface swab samples treated with dry ice (maximum difference 3.92 log cfu/100 cm). 3. After dry-ice treatment, Listeria spp. were detected on surfaces of pluckers and chiller cylinders, whereas Salmonella spp. were totally inhibited. 4. A dry-ice spraying application was more effective than a dry-ice immersing application on total aerobic mesophilic bacteria and yeast and mould counts on poultry carcases. 5. Dry-ice treatment has advantages over conventional processes. Unlike other decontamination techniques, there are no residues, so no need to wash off chemical residues from surfaces as it removes contaminants effortlessly and is environmentally friendly. 6. Dry-ice blasting of production equipment can reduce the microbial load and has potential for use in the poultry industry.
Topics: Abattoirs; Animal Husbandry; Animals; Bacteria, Aerobic; Chickens; Colony Count, Microbial; Decontamination; Dry Ice; Food Handling; Food Microbiology; Listeria; Meat; Salmonella
PubMed: 29160720
DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2017.1403565 -
Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory... Apr 2015Tests for lupus anticoagulant (LA), including silica clotting time (SCT) and diluted Russel's viper venom time (dRVVT) are used to diagnose antiphospholipid syndrome....
BACKGROUND
Tests for lupus anticoagulant (LA), including silica clotting time (SCT) and diluted Russel's viper venom time (dRVVT) are used to diagnose antiphospholipid syndrome. Due to sample instability, it is recommended that samples are frozen if analysis is postponed >4 h. Shipping on dry ice is common practice to keep samples frozen during transport. Recent data suggest that exposure to dry ice may affect sample pH and results in subsequent analyses. We aimed to determine the effect of dry ice on pH and LA analysis.
METHODS
Citrated plasma from eight healthy volunteers was allocated to three preanalytical regimes: 1) storage at -20 °C; 2) dry ice exposure followed by storage at -20 °C; or 3) dry ice exposure followed by storage at -80 °C.
RESULTS
Samples stored at -20 °C after dry ice exposure had significantly lower median pH (1.2 units, p=0.01) and prolonged clotting time ratios (up to 55% for dRVVT tests, p<0.02) in LA analysis, compared to samples not exposed to dry ice. This resulted in poor test specificity (25%). Similar changes were not observed in samples placed at -80 °C after dry ice exposure.
CONCLUSIONS
Dry ice may affect sample pH and increase the fraction of false positive LA results. This preanalytical factor should be taken into account by laboratories receiving frozen samples for these tests.
Topics: Adult; Antiphospholipid Syndrome; Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Specimen Collection; Dry Ice; Female; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor; Male; Middle Aged; Young Adult
PubMed: 25257161
DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2014-0639 -
Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory... Nov 2017We recently observed that exposure to dry ice lowered sample pH and increased clotting times in lupus anticoagulant analyses, and that such changes could be prevented by...
BACKGROUND
We recently observed that exposure to dry ice lowered sample pH and increased clotting times in lupus anticoagulant analyses, and that such changes could be prevented by placing samples at -80°C after dry ice exposure. In the current study, we sought to evaluate the effects of dry ice exposure on pH and various commonly used coagulation analyses.
METHODS
Citrated plasma from 30 healthy blood donors was allocated to four preanalytical regimes: (1) immediate analysis of fresh plasma or (2) storage at -20°C; (3) storage at -20°C followed by dry ice exposure for 24 h or (4) storage at -20°C followed by dry ice exposure for 24 h and storage at -80°C for 24 h before analysis. Analyses of pH, prothrombin time international normalized ratio (PT-INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), antithrombin, fibrinogen, protein C and protein S was performed.
RESULTS
Samples exposed to dry ice had significantly lower pH, prolonged clotting times in PT-INR, APTT and fibrinogen analyses as well as lower levels of protein C, than samples not exposed to dry ice. These changes in coagulation analyses were not present if samples were stored at -80°C for 24 h after dry ice exposure. Antithrombin and protein S were not significantly affected by dry ice exposure.
CONCLUSIONS
Dry ice exposure lowered sample pH and affected various coagulation analyses. These effects were avoided by storing samples at -80°C for 24 h after dry ice exposure.
Topics: Blood Coagulation Tests; Dry Ice; Fibrinogen; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; International Normalized Ratio; Partial Thromboplastin Time; Protein C; Protein S
PubMed: 28844073
DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2017-0263 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... May 2024To address the safety problems posed by the transportation of boar semen using LN, this study was conducted on the short-term storage of frozen boar semen in dry ice...
To address the safety problems posed by the transportation of boar semen using LN, this study was conducted on the short-term storage of frozen boar semen in dry ice (-79 °C). Boar semen frozen in LN was transferred to dry ice, kept for 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 7 days, or 8 days, and then moved back to LN. The quality of frozen semen stored in LN or dry ice was determined to evaluate the feasibility of short-distance transportation with dry ice. The results showed that 60 °C for 8 s was the best condition for thawing frozen semen stored in dry ice. No significant differences in spermatozoa motility, plasma membrane integrity, or acrosome integrity were observed in semen after short-term storage in dry ice compared to LN ( > 0.05). There were no significant changes in antioxidant properties between storage groups either ( > 0.05). In conclusion, dry ice could be used as a cold source for the short-term transportation of frozen boar semen for at least 7 days, without affecting sperm motility, morphological integrity, or antioxidant indices.
PubMed: 38791640
DOI: 10.3390/ani14101422 -
Orthopedics Feb 1982Emergency amputation in the critically ill is associated with 17 to 25% mortality, and a high rate of postoperative infection. Mortality arid morbidity can be reduced by...
Emergency amputation in the critically ill is associated with 17 to 25% mortality, and a high rate of postoperative infection. Mortality arid morbidity can be reduced by freezing the diseased tissues with dry ice, and deferring surgery until the patient is rendered stable, and metabolically able to heal. Methods of freezing previously reported are cumbersome to maintain, and prone to complications. This paper presents a safe and simple method of physiologic amputation, with emphasis on those details useful to the institution or practitioner who will only occasionally use it. Three illustrative cases demonstrate the utility of this form of treatment in the presence of anticoagulation, gas gangrene, and extreme debility, rendering the patient unable to heal central and peripheral injury simultaneously. Concomitant K-wire fixation and hip disarticulation preceded by above knee freezing, not previously reported, were used successfully.
PubMed: 24823047
DOI: 10.3928/0147-7447-19820201-05 -
Theriogenology Jul 2017Disseminating mouse stocks as frozen materials offers both ethical and logistical advantages over live animal shipment, minimizing the welfare issues and avoiding some...
Disseminating mouse stocks as frozen materials offers both ethical and logistical advantages over live animal shipment, minimizing the welfare issues and avoiding some of the complex custom regulations that are associated with live animal transportation. Embryo freezing in liquid nitrogen (LN) at -196 °C has traditionally been the method of choice for archiving mouse lines. However, spermatozoa freezing is emerging as a more convenient alternative due to the application of innovative cryopreservation and recovery protocols. In addition, frozen spermatozoa are less sensitive to post-freezing temperature fluctuations. Here we demonstrated that spermatozoa frozen using standard laboratory protocols can be safely stored in dry ice (-79 °C) for at least seven days. The protocol we report here is robust and has been validated in a multi-centric study involving mouse spermatozoa samples exchanged between five European Mouse Mutant Archive (EMMA) nodes. Furthermore, following shipment on dry ice the spermatozoa can be returned to LN for long term storage without any noticeable detrimental effect. This protocol permits frozen spermatozoa to be shared and shipped in dry ice between biorepositories, networks and scientific institutions at low cost, using common courier companies, while avoiding the complexities, risks and hazards associated with using a traditional LN dry-shipper.
Topics: Animals; Cryopreservation; Dry Ice; Freezing; Male; Mice; Semen Preservation; Specimen Handling; Sperm Motility; Spermatozoa; Time Factors
PubMed: 28532839
DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.04.003 -
Analytical Biochemistry Apr 2015A reusable inexpensive replacement for dry ice in laboratory use is presented. Commercially available small pellets of stone or metal can be stored in a -80 °C freezer...
A reusable inexpensive replacement for dry ice in laboratory use is presented. Commercially available small pellets of stone or metal can be stored in a -80 °C freezer and used for quickly freezing small samples with a freezing rate that is actually somewhat faster than with dry ice itself. Following use, the material is returned to the freezer to re-chill until the next usage.
Topics: Dry Ice; Laboratories; Metals; Temperature
PubMed: 25617823
DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2015.01.008 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2022This article presents the results of a numerical experimental study on the simulation of the dry ice compaction process. The first part of the article presents a...
This article presents the results of a numerical experimental study on the simulation of the dry ice compaction process. The first part of the article presents a description of the material used, material models and the methodology of experimental research. In the second part, numerical and experimental study results are presented. For the purpose of comparison, a parametric method based on the residual sum of squares was used. The application of the indicated method fills the gap in the available literature as the authors are not aware of any existing data from previous studies on the method of comparing the results of numerical tests in terms of the obtained results and the change of the value of the tested parameter as a function of another variable. The results of this study can be useful in research work aimed at further development of the process of extrusion and compaction of dry ice using Drucker-Prager/Cap and modified Cam-Clay material models for instance for optimization of geometric parameters of parts and components of the main assembly of the machine used in the process of dry ice extrusion.
PubMed: 36013907
DOI: 10.3390/ma15165771 -
Cryobiology Mar 2024Cryopreserved semen is routinely shipped in liquid nitrogen. Dry ice could serve as an alternative coolant, however, frozen storage above liquid nitrogen temperatures...
Cryopreserved semen is routinely shipped in liquid nitrogen. Dry ice could serve as an alternative coolant, however, frozen storage above liquid nitrogen temperatures (LN2, -196 °C) may negatively affect shelf-life and cryosurvival. In this study, we determined critical temperatures for storage of cryopreserved stallion sperm. We evaluated: (i) effects of cooling samples to different subzero temperatures (-10 °C to -80 °C) prior to storing in LN2, (ii) stability at different storage temperatures (i.e., in LN2, dry ice, -80 °C and -20 °C freezers, 5 °C refrigerator), and (iii) sperm cryosurvival during storage on dry ice (i.e., when kept below -70 °C and during warming). Furthermore, (iv) we analyzed if addition of synthetic polymers (PVP-40, Ficoll-70) modulates ice crystallization kinetics and improves stability of cryopreserved specimens. Sperm motility and membrane intactness were taken as measures of cryosurvival, and an artificial insemination trial was performed to confirm fertilizing capacity. We found that adding PVP-40 or Ficoll-70 to formulations containing glycerol reduced ice crystal sizes and growth during annealing. Post-thaw sperm viability data indicated that samples need to be cooled below -40 °C before they can be safely plunged and stored in LN2. No negative effects of relocating specimens from dry ice to LN2 and vice versa became apparent. However, sample warming above -50 °C during transport in dry ice should be avoided to ensure preservation of viability and fertility. Moreover, addition of PVP-40 or Ficoll-70 was found to increase sperm cryosurvival, especially under non-ideal storage conditions where ice recrystallization may occur.
Topics: Male; Animals; Horses; Cryopreservation; Semen; Dry Ice; Ice; Polymers; Crystallization; Ficoll; Semen Preservation; Sperm Motility; Spermatozoa; Nitrogen; Povidone
PubMed: 38295927
DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2024.104852