-
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology Apr 2022Post-acne erythema (PAE) is a common sequela of acne inflammation, and it refers to telangiectasia and erythematous lesions remaining after the acne treatment. Although... (Review)
Review
Post-acne erythema (PAE) is a common sequela of acne inflammation, and it refers to telangiectasia and erythematous lesions remaining after the acne treatment. Although some PAE lesions may improve over time, persisting PAE might be esthetically undesirable for patients. The efficacy of various treatment options for PAE has been investigated in many studies but there exists no gold standard treatment modality. In this study, we aimed to give a systematic literature review on various treatment options for PAE, the advantage of each modality, and compare their efficacy, safety, and feasibility. By using the selected keywords, we carried out a systematic search for articles published from the inception to 28 April 2021 in PubMed/Medline and Embase databases. Of the 5796 initially retrieved articles, 18 of them were fully eligible to be enrolled in our study. In this study, we found that light and laser-based devices were the most frequently used treatments for PAE. Generally, pulsed-dye lasers were the most commonly used laser devices for PAE. Neodymium:yttrium aluminum-garnet lasers were the second most commonly used modalities in treating PAE. Topical treatments such as oxymetazoline, tranexamic acid, and brimonidine tartrate are promising treatments in reducing PAE lesions. In our study, no severe side effects were found. In conclusion, both laser devices and topical agents seem to be effective for PAE lesions; however, further randomized clinical trials are needed in this field.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Brimonidine Tartrate; Erythema; Humans; Lasers, Dye; Lasers, Solid-State; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 35076997
DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14804 -
Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy :... 2018Acne scarring is a widely prevalent condition that can have a negative impact on a patient's quality of life and is often worsened by aging. A number of options are... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Acne scarring is a widely prevalent condition that can have a negative impact on a patient's quality of life and is often worsened by aging. A number of options are available for the treatment of acne scarring, including retinoids, microdermabrasion, dermal fillers, and surgical techniques such as subcision. The aim of this review is to evaluate the different laser modalities that have been used in peer-reviewed clinical studies for treatment of atrophic acne scars, and summarize current clinical approaches.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A Medline search spanning from 1990 to 2016 was performed on acne scarring. Search terms included "atrophic acne scars," "ablative'', "nonablative," "fractional," "nonfractional," "neodymium," "alexandrite," "pulsed dye" lasers, and results are summarized.
RESULTS
Various types of lasers have been evaluated for the treatment of atrophic acne scars. While they are efficacious overall, they differ in terms of side effects and clinical outcomes, depending on patients skin and acne scar type. A new emerging trend is to combine lasers with other energy-based devices and/or topicals.
CONCLUSION
Evaluation of the literature examining acne scar treatment with lasers, revealed that clinical outcomes are dependent on various patient factors, including atrophic acne scar subtype, patient skin type, treatment modality, and side-effect profile.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Cicatrix; Combined Modality Therapy; Face; Humans; Lasers, Dye; Lasers, Solid-State; Low-Level Light Therapy
PubMed: 30395754
DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2018.1461230 -
Scientific Reports Oct 2023Integrated optofluidic devices have become subjects of high interest for rapid biosensor devices due to their unique ability to combine the fluidic processing of small...
Integrated optofluidic devices have become subjects of high interest for rapid biosensor devices due to their unique ability to combine the fluidic processing of small volumes of microfluidics with the analysis capabilities of photonic structures. By integrating dynamically reconfigurable optofluidic lasers on-chip, complex coupling can be eliminated while further increasing the capabilities of sensors to detect an increasing number of target biomarkers. Here, we report a polydimethylsiloxane-based device with two on-chip fluidic distributed feedback (DFB) laser cavities that are integrated with an orthogonal analyte channel for multiplexed fluorescence excitation. One DFB grating is filled with 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-(4-dimethylaminostyryl)-4H-pyran dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide. The second grating is filled with rhodamine 6G dissolved in a diluted ethylene glycol solution. We present characterization of both lasers through analysis of the lasing spectra for spectral narrowing along with a power series to observe threshold behavior. We then demonstrate simultaneous detection of two different fluorescent microbeads as a proof of concept for scalable, single biomarker analysis using on-chip optofluidic lasers.
Topics: Humans; Lasers, Dye; Feedback; Optics and Photonics; Coloring Agents; Microfluidics
PubMed: 37803034
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42671-4 -
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology Feb 2022Post-acne erythema is described as erythema due to release of inflammatory cytokines, dilatation of microcapillaries within papillary dermis and thinning of epidermis.... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Post-acne erythema is described as erythema due to release of inflammatory cytokines, dilatation of microcapillaries within papillary dermis and thinning of epidermis. The erythema usually fades; however, it can persist for months.
AIM
In this review, we decided to evaluate efficacy of light and laser treatments in acne-induced erythema.
METHODS
We searched PUBMED, Embase, Cochrane, and Google Scholar for relevant key words. Inclusion criteria were randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that evaluated efficacy of laser or light in PAE until September 2021.
RESULTS
Twelve RCTs were selected for the final assessment. Light and laser treatments included pulsed dye laser (PDL), intense pulsed light (IPL), Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (QS Nd:YAG), fractional photothermolysis, alexandrite, solid-slate 589-1319 nm, and pro-yellow laser.
CONCLUSION
Light and laser treatments are effective treatment modalities in reduction of acne-induced erythema along with active acne lesions and atrophic acne scars.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Clinical Protocols; Erythema; Humans; Lasers, Dye; Lasers, Solid-State; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34985175
DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14729 -
Lasers in Surgery and Medicine Jul 2022There are limited treatment options for nail psoriasis. It is important to find new therapies and improve existing ones. The aim of this study was to compare the...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
There are limited treatment options for nail psoriasis. It is important to find new therapies and improve existing ones. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of pulsed dye laser (PDL) versus combined PDL and Nd:YAG lasers in patients with nail psoriasis.
METHODS
Fourteen patients (with a total of 126 nails affected by nail psoriasis) were treated with PDL (6 J/cm2, 7 mm, 0.45 milliseconds) on both hands and additionally with Nd:YAG (10 J/cm , 6 mm, 15 milliseconds) on the right hand. Three treatment sessions were applied at 4-week intervals and patients were followed up for 6 months after the last session. Disease severity was assessed using the Nail Psoriasis Severity Index, both 8- and 32-point variant. Additionally, Dermatology Life Quality Index was assessed before and after treatment.
RESULTS
Overall, there was a statistical difference in 8- and 32-point NAPSI score before and after treatment for both hands. However, there was no statistical difference between the score for the right and left hands based on both scale variants. Some aspects of patients' lives showed improvement due to the treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
Both PDL in monotherapy and combined Nd:Yag+PDL lasers are safe and effective in treatment of nail psoriasis, although combined therapy shows no advantage over the use of a single laser.
Topics: Humans; Lasers, Dye; Lasers, Solid-State; Low-Level Light Therapy; Nail Diseases; Psoriasis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 35289430
DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23537 -
Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur... Jan 2018Scar formation is the consequence of trauma to the skin that affects the deep parts of the dermis. Different scar types like immature, mature, atrophic, hypertrophic, or... (Review)
Review
Scar formation is the consequence of trauma to the skin that affects the deep parts of the dermis. Different scar types like immature, mature, atrophic, hypertrophic, or keloid scars can develop depending on factors like age, anatomic localization, cause of trauma, the course of the healing process, and individual predispositions. Keloids and hypertrophic scars are often associated with itching, pain, tautness of the skin, and functional impairments, thus, leading to significantly reduced quality of life in some patients. However, even seemingly physiologically healed scars can cause tremendous psychological strain as is the case with self-harm scars. Despite increased research efforts, the exact pathomechanisms of excessive scarring are still scarcely understood, and dependably effective treatment options are often lacking. However, through continually improving scientific progress, scar treatment paradigms for a variety of scar types, thus far often dominated by conventional treatment methods, are increasingly complemented by new laser technologies and wavelengths.
Topics: Cicatrix; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic; Humans; Keloid; Laser Therapy; Lasers, Dye; Lasers, Solid-State
PubMed: 29116332
DOI: 10.1007/s00105-017-4072-7 -
Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur... Jan 2018Light-based acne treatments may represent a new emerging treatment for acne that does not increase the risk of bacterial resistance and they may be potentially effective... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
Light-based acne treatments may represent a new emerging treatment for acne that does not increase the risk of bacterial resistance and they may be potentially effective with a favorable safety profile. Current data show that photodynamic therapy reduces inflammatory lesions and significantly improves acne. However, there is no consensus on the optimal implementation in the treatment of acne. In addition to topically applied photodynamic therapy, intense pulsed light, pulsed dye lasers, potassium-titanyl-phosphate lasers, infrared diode lasers, broad-spectrum continuous-wave light sources (red light, blue-red light) have been introduced as alternative treatments. Since well-designed studies to evaluate their efficacy versus traditional medical therapies are lacking and standardized regimens have not been agreed upon, procedures including laser, intense pulsed light, and photodynamic therapy should currently not be considered first-line treatment for inflammatory acne.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Equipment Design; Humans; Laser Therapy; Lasers, Dye; Lasers, Solid-State; Photochemotherapy; Phototherapy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29294170
DOI: 10.1007/s00105-017-4099-9 -
Lasers in Medical Science Aug 2016Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is an uncommon dermatosis of unknown etiology that manifests as characteristic red nodules and papules with a... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is an uncommon dermatosis of unknown etiology that manifests as characteristic red nodules and papules with a predilection for the scalp and periauricular region. Treatment is required for both esthetic and functional reasons, as lesions may ulcerate and bleed. Many treatment approaches have been reported, including excision, systemic medical approaches, topical or intralesional therapies, and non-invasive modalities including cryotherapy, electrosurgery, and laser. Treatments have exhibited variable efficacy, and the recurrence rate is 100 %. We report the combination of pulsed dye laser and CO2 laser in the treatment of ALHE in 14 patients. All patients exhibited clinical response after a mean of 2.4 ± 0.4 treatment sessions. The clinical efficacy of the combined treatment, together with its well-tolerated nature, render the use of pulsed dye laser in combination with CO2 laser, a viable treatment for debulking ALHE lesions. Ongoing maintenance treatments are needed to due to the high degree of relapse.
Topics: Adult; Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia; Combined Modality Therapy; Cryotherapy; Female; Humans; Lasers, Dye; Lasers, Gas; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
PubMed: 27184154
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-1954-3 -
Annals of Plastic Surgery Aug 2022Hypertrophic burn scars (HTBSs) remain a significant source of morbidity. Contemporary treatment has evolved to use CO2 lasers and/or pulse-dye lasers (PDLs) to reduce... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
INTRODUCTION
Hypertrophic burn scars (HTBSs) remain a significant source of morbidity. Contemporary treatment has evolved to use CO2 lasers and/or pulse-dye lasers (PDLs) to reduce scar thickness (ST) and erythema. This study seeks to compare treatment efficacy with CO2 or PDL individually and in combination.
METHODS
Patients undergoing laser treatments for HTBSs were enrolled. Three 3 × 3 cm squares of HTBSs were randomized to receive treatment with CO2 laser, PDL or CO2 + PDL. Patients underwent 3 treatments, 4 to 6 weeks apart and were followed up over 3 to 6 months. Scar assessments occurred at each visit before treatment and consisted of photographs, ultrasound, colorimetry, and the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Score.
RESULTS
Twenty-five patients were enrolled. Twenty completed 2 treatments (80%) and 11 completed all 3 treatments (44%). Median initial ST was 0.3 cm. Median time since injury was 8 months. Hypertrophic burn scars treated with CO2 or PDL showed a significant decrease in Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale score from visit 1 to 3 (P = 0.01 and 0.01, respectively). When separated by ST, thick scars (≥0.3 cm) showed a significant decrease in thickness between visit 1 and 2 using all laser modalities (CO2 + PDL, P = 0.01; CO2, P = 0.02; PDL, P = 0.03). Thin scars (<0.3 cm) showed a reduction in thickness by visit 3 after CO2 + PDL or PDL alone (P = 0.01 and 0.04, respectively). Separating scars by age, younger scars (<9 months) showed a significant reduction in thickness between visit 1 and 2 for CO2 treatment (P = 0.04), and between visit 2 and 3 for CO2 + PDL treatment (P = 0.04). Hypertrophic burn scars treated with PDL did not demonstrate a significant reduction in thickness until visit 3 (P = 0.002). Older scars (≥9 months) showed a significant reduction in thickness between visit 1 and 2 only after CO2 + PDL (P = 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
Hypertrophic burn scars of varying ages, etiologies, and thicknesses were examined in this study with greater degree of early reduction seen in thicker scars using all laser modalities of CO2, PDL or in combination. However, there was no clinically meaningful benefit found with combination as compared with individual treatment. These data support the use of laser to improve HTBS but does not support one modality or combination of modalities over another.
Topics: Burns; Carbon Dioxide; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic; Humans; Hypertrophy; Infant; Lasers, Dye; Lasers, Gas; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 35943226
DOI: 10.1097/SAP.0000000000003240 -
Lasers in Medical Science Apr 2022
Topics: Hemangioendothelioma; Humans; Lasers, Dye; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 34668086
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03444-5