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Alcohol Research & Health : the Journal... 2010Recent advances in alcohol research continue to build our understanding of alcohol consumption and related consequences for U.S. ethnic minority groups. National surveys... (Review)
Review
Recent advances in alcohol research continue to build our understanding of alcohol consumption and related consequences for U.S. ethnic minority groups. National surveys show variations across ethnicities in drinking, alcohol use disorders, alcohol problems, and treatment use. Higher rates of high-risk drinking among ethnic minorities are reported for Native Americans and Hispanics, although within-ethnic group differences (e.g., gender, age-group, and other subpopulations) also are evident for ethnicities. Whites and Native Americans have a greater risk for alcohol use disorders relative to other ethnic groups. However, once alcohol dependence occurs, Blacks and Hispanics experience higher rates than Whites of recurrent or persistent dependence. Furthermore, the consequences of drinking appear to be more profound for Native Americans, Hispanics, and Blacks. Disparities in alcohol treatment utilization are most apparent for Hispanics. Explanations for these differences are complex, likely affected by risky drinking behaviors, immigration experiences, racial/ethnic discrimination, economic and neighborhood disadvantage, and variations in alcohol-metabolizing genes. Research must maintain a systematic, strong, and growing focus on ethnic minorities. A more complete understanding of these effects for ethnic minority groups is needed to enable researchers to face the challenges of reducing and ultimately eliminating health disparities in the alcohol field.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Biomedical Research; Ethnicity; Health Status Disparities; Humans
PubMed: 21209793
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Surgical Research Dec 2021Race and ethnicity are associated with disparate trauma outcomes. This study seeks to characterize accuracy of trauma registry classification of patient race and... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
Race and ethnicity are associated with disparate trauma outcomes. This study seeks to characterize accuracy of trauma registry classification of patient race and ethnicity and to identify factors associated with misclassification.
METHODS
A prospective observational study of patients admitted to an urban Level 1 trauma center was conducted over a 6-mo period. Race and ethnicity data recorded in the trauma registry were compared to patients' self-identifying data obtained through in-person interviews. Logistic regression determined rates of discordant race and ethnicity between trauma registry and patient self-identification processes, and identified factors independently associated with misclassification.
RESULTS
A total of 444 patients were recruited. 98 (22%) self-identified as Hispanic/Latino. 45 patients self-identifying as Hispanic (45.9%) had inaccurately recorded ethnicity in the trauma registry. There was an increased odds of ethnicity misclassification in younger patients (OR 0.97, P < 0.01) and Spanish-only speakers (OR 11.80, P < 0.001). A decreased odds was found in males (OR 0.43, P < 0.05). No factors increased odds of racial misclassification, while dual English/Spanish speakers (OR 0.05, P < 0.01) wereas found to have decreased odds. Neither ethnicity nor race misclassification was associated with clinical variables. New racial self-identification was observed with 75% of patients who self-identified ethnically as Hispanic also self-identifying racially as Hispanic.
CONCLUSIONS
Hispanic trauma patients have racial and ethnic misclassifications regardless of clinical status. Racial and ethnic identification is not sufficiently captured by current standardized questionnaires. Accuracy of hospital level racial data is important for local and national policies to address trauma disparities.
Topics: Humans; Male; Ethnicity; Hispanic or Latino; Prospective Studies; Surveys and Questionnaires; Patient Admission; Wounds and Injuries; Trauma Centers
PubMed: 34482009
DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.08.003 -
Journal of Physiology, Paris Oct 2016
Topics: Animals; Ethnology; Humans; Neurology; Physiology; South America
PubMed: 28587721
DOI: 10.1016/j.jphysparis.2017.04.001 -
Current Psychiatry Reports Jun 2008This review addresses the influence of ethnicity on the expression of psychotic symptoms and the implications for evaluating and treating patients of diverse... (Review)
Review
This review addresses the influence of ethnicity on the expression of psychotic symptoms and the implications for evaluating and treating patients of diverse backgrounds. Growing clinical and population research from Europe and the United States supports a dimensional interpretation of psychosis, yet the evidence suggests that psychotic symptoms place individuals at higher risk for a range of severe psychiatric conditions and adverse outcomes, such as suicidality. Ethnocultural diversity challenges clinicians to accurately interpret the clinical significance of patients' symptom presentations. Disproportionate psychotic symptoms and higher rates of psychotic disorders have been found in some ethnic groups, particularly among immigrants and their offspring, but profound inconsistencies in these patterns remain. More cultural research on the clinical implications of ethnic variation in psychosis is needed. Developing awareness and requisite skills is a priority for clinicians who evaluate and recommend treatments to ethnically diverse patients.
Topics: Black or African American; Diagnostic Errors; Ethnicity; Humans; Phenotype; Psychotic Disorders
PubMed: 18652790
DOI: 10.1007/s11920-008-0037-y -
Journal of Health Care For the Poor and... Feb 2010There is reliable evidence that racial/ethnic minorities suffer disproportionately from unrelieved pain compared with Whites. Several factors may contribute to... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
There is reliable evidence that racial/ethnic minorities suffer disproportionately from unrelieved pain compared with Whites. Several factors may contribute to disparities in pain management. Understanding how these factors influence effective pain management among racial/ethnic minority populations would be helpful for developing tailored interventions designed to eliminate racial/ethnic disparities in pain management. We conducted a review of the literature to explore the interaction between race/ethnicity, cultural influences; pain perception, assessment, and communication; provider and patient characteristics; and health system factors and how they might contribute to racial/ethnic disparities in receipt of effective pain management.
METHODS
The published literature from 1990-2008 was searched for articles with data on racial/ethnic patterns of pain management as well as racially, ethnically, and culturally-specific attitudes toward pain, pain assessment, and communication; provider prescribing patterns; community access to pain medications; and pain coping strategies among U.S. adults.
RESULTS
The literature suggests that racial/ethnic disparities in pain management may operate through limited access to health care and appropriate analgesics; patient access to or utilization of pain specialists; miscommunication and/or misperceptions about the presence and/or severity of pain; patient attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors that influence the acceptance of appropriate analgesics and analgesic doses; and provider attitudes, knowledge and beliefs about patient pain.
Topics: Adult; Ethnicity; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Health Services Accessibility; Health Status Disparities; Humans; Pain; Pain Management; Physician-Patient Relations; Risk Factors; United States
PubMed: 20173263
DOI: 10.1353/hpu.0.0255 -
The British Journal of Cancer.... Sep 1996This paper considers methodological issues raised by investigations into the relationship between health beliefs with respect to cancer and ethnicity. Because what... (Review)
Review
This paper considers methodological issues raised by investigations into the relationship between health beliefs with respect to cancer and ethnicity. Because what people will proffer in response to a question about their health beliefs and ethnicity depends amongst other things, on the time and place of asking, and the identity, purpose and methodological approach of the person posing the question, we have focused exclusively on British material; also the practical issues discussed are largely relevant to Britain only.
Topics: Attitude to Health; Culture; Ethnicity; Ethnology; Humans; Neoplasms
PubMed: 8782803
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Epidemiology Oct 2001
Topics: Epidemiologic Factors; Ethnicity; Ethnology; Humans; Prejudice
PubMed: 11689494
DOI: 10.1093/ije/30.5.925 -
The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Jun 2013The current review paper summarizes the literature on parental emotion socialization in ethnically diverse families in the United States. Models of emotion socialization... (Review)
Review
The current review paper summarizes the literature on parental emotion socialization in ethnically diverse families in the United States. Models of emotion socialization have been primarily developed using samples of European American parents and children. As such, current categorizations of "adaptive" and "maladaptive" emotion socialization practices may not be applicable to individuals from different ethnic backgrounds. The review examines current models of emotion socialization, with particular attention paid to the demographic breakdown of the studies used to develop these models. Additionally, the review highlights studies examining emotion socialization practices in African American, Asian American, and Latin American families. The review is synthesized with summarizing themes of similarities and differences across ethnic groups, and implications for culturally sensitive research and practice are discussed.
Topics: Black or African American; Asian; Emotions; Ethnicity; Family; Hispanic or Latino; Humans; Socialization
PubMed: 23766738
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Youth and Adolescence May 2020Ethnic differences in peer reactions to academic achievement during adolescence has been a widely discussed but controversial issue in developmental and education...
Ethnic differences in peer reactions to academic achievement during adolescence has been a widely discussed but controversial issue in developmental and education research. Do peers respond positively or negatively to classmates of different ethnic groups who get good grades in school? The current study addressed this question by examining the linkage between academic achievement and friendship nominations received in an ethnically diverse sample of 4501 sixth grade students (M = 11.3 years; 51% female; 41.3% Latino, 25.1% White, 19.3% Asian, and 14.3% Black). The results of mediated moderation analyses showed that for Asians and Whites, higher academic achievement was associated with more same-ethnic friendships, whereas for Blacks and Latinos, higher academic achievement was associated with more cross-ethnic friendships. In addition, ethnic differences in the linkage between academic achievement and friendships were partly explained by classroom ethnic composition. Implications for promoting friendships of high achieving students both within and across ethnic boundaries were discussed.
Topics: Academic Success; Adolescent; Black or African American; Asian People; Child; Ethnicity; Female; Friends; Hispanic or Latino; Humans; Male; Peer Group; Students; White People
PubMed: 31898769
DOI: 10.1007/s10964-019-01189-7 -
Recent Developments in Alcoholism : An... 1993Advances in alcohol and ethnicity epidemiology during the past decade include greater emphasis on intraethnic variation, factors influencing drinking behavior, and... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
Advances in alcohol and ethnicity epidemiology during the past decade include greater emphasis on intraethnic variation, factors influencing drinking behavior, and building conceptual models. Despite progress, most research continues to focus on ethnicity/race as a demographic variable and few studies investigate ethnic hypotheses. Although prevention and treatment of alcoholic disorders in ethnic groups have been dealt with extensively in the clinical and ethnographic literature, little rigorous research has been conducted. The key issue in this area involves the extent to which prevention and treatment programming needs to be ethnically responsive in order to be effective. The very little empirical literature that exists on this topic suggests that answers will not be simple and will vary according to aspects of acculturation status and ethnohistorical factors. The most important development during the past 10 years has undoubtedly been the federal regulatory encouragement of research on the major ethnic groups of the United States.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Ethnicity; Humans; Risk Factors; Social Problems; Social Values; United States
PubMed: 8234921
DOI: No ID Found