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Reumatizam 2016Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic disorder in children and one of the most common causes of part-time or long-term disability. The term... (Review)
Review
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic disorder in children and one of the most common causes of part-time or long-term disability. The term juvenile idiopathic arthritis defines the main characteristics of the disease: joint inflammation of unknown origin manifested before the 16th birthday and lasting for more than six weeks. JIA is very rare in infancy, with highest frequency in preschool age. It is not a single disease, but a group of disorders with some common features of different immunopathogenesis and with different clinical manifestations. According to the revised International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) criteria, JIA is classified into 8 subtypes, but this classification is still a “work in progress“ because with new knowledge gained in genetics and immunology, the classification will obviously have to be changed and refined. New research of the disease pathogenesis is the basis for the development of new and better treatments for JIA. The goal of such treatments is not just to relieve pain, but also to control inflammation and stop irreversible joint damage and long-term disability. Biological agents have significantly improved the disease prognosis.
Topics: Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; Humans
PubMed: 29624302
DOI: No ID Found -
Pediatric Clinics of North America Apr 2005Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), a term referring to a group of disorders characterized by chronic arthritis, is the most common chronic rheumatic illness in... (Review)
Review
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), a term referring to a group of disorders characterized by chronic arthritis, is the most common chronic rheumatic illness in children and is a significant cause of short- and long-term disability. This article discusses the classification, differential diagnosis, and treatment of JIA.
Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Diagnosis, Differential; Disability Evaluation; Health Status; Humans
PubMed: 15820374
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2005.01.007 -
Rheumatic Diseases Clinics of North... Aug 2002Progress in achieving international consensus concerning the classification of juvenile idiopathic arthritis has been made, although further refinement and validation of... (Review)
Review
Progress in achieving international consensus concerning the classification of juvenile idiopathic arthritis has been made, although further refinement and validation of these criteria is needed. It is hoped that this will facilitate more effective international collaboration in the study of these diseases, because much remains to be learned about genetic susceptibility, causation, pathogenesis, and treatment. Attention to the unique aspects of chronic arthritis in children such as impaired growth and macrophage activation syndrome may help to reduce disease-related morbidity and mortality. New biologic agents have substantially enhanced the treatment of JRA. The identification of reliable predictors of disease course and outcome is important in the rational and timely application of new therapies.
Topics: Adolescent; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Bone Diseases; Child; Growth; Humans; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Prognosis
PubMed: 12380368
DOI: 10.1016/s0889-857x(02)00016-9 -
Lancet (London, England) Mar 1998
Review
Topics: Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; HLA Antigens; Humans; Major Histocompatibility Complex; Prognosis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 9734957
DOI: No ID Found -
Arthritis Care & Research Oct 2023
Topics: Humans; Arthritis, Juvenile; Lung Diseases
PubMed: 37038966
DOI: 10.1002/acr.25126 -
The British Journal of Radiology May 2017Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a heterogeneous condition and an important cause of acquired disability in children. Evidence supports early treatment to prevent... (Review)
Review
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a heterogeneous condition and an important cause of acquired disability in children. Evidence supports early treatment to prevent future complications. This relies on prompt diagnosis, achieved by a high index of clinical suspicion and supportive evidence, including the detection of joint and or tendon inflammation. Ultrasound is a readily accessible, well-tolerated, safe and accurate modality for assessing joints and the surrounding soft tissues. It can also be used to guide therapy into those joints and tendon sheaths resistant to systemic treatments. Ultrasound imaging is highly operator dependent, and the developing skeleton poses unique challenges in interpretation with sonographic findings that can mimic pathology and vice versa. Ultrasound technology has been rapidly improving and is more accessible than ever before. In this article, we review the normal appearances, highlight potential pitfalls and present the key pathological findings commonly seen in JIA.
Topics: Adolescent; Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; Humans; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 28291375
DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20160920 -
Survey of Ophthalmology 1990The association between juvenile arthritis and uveitis is reviewed. Some children with the HLA-B27 related spondyloarthropathies develop anterior uveitis. About 20% of... (Review)
Review
The association between juvenile arthritis and uveitis is reviewed. Some children with the HLA-B27 related spondyloarthropathies develop anterior uveitis. About 20% of patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) who are negative for IgM rheumatoid factor develop a frequently bilateral, nongranulomatous chronic anterior uveitis. Risk factors for uveitis in JRA patients are: female gender, pauciarticular onset of arthritis, presence of circulating antinuclear antibodies, and the antigens HLA-DW5 and HLA-DPw2. Uveitis is rare after seven years or more have elapsed from the onset of arthritis. The visual prognosis in patients with uveitis is good in 25% and fair in 50%. The remaining 25% develop visual impairment from complicated cataract and/or secondary inflammatory glaucoma. The potential benefit of cytotoxic agents in the treatment of intractable uveitis is outweighed by the risk of serious side effects. The management of secondary inflammatory glaucoma is unsatisfactory, but the results of treatment of complicated cataracts by lensectomy-vitrectomy are good.
Topics: Adolescent; Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Glaucoma; Humans; Infant; Male; Risk Factors; Uveitis, Anterior
PubMed: 2188388
DOI: 10.1016/0039-6257(90)90026-r -
Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism Dec 2019Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is not a disease but an umbrella term that gather all forms of chronic arthritis of unknown origin and with onset in childhood. Some... (Review)
Review
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is not a disease but an umbrella term that gather all forms of chronic arthritis of unknown origin and with onset in childhood. Some of these disorders appear to be the childhood equivalent of adult diseases and share therefore the same therapeutic targets. A form characterized by early onset and antinuclear antibody positivity seems to be specific for children but further evidence is needed. Systemic JIA (sJIA), although equivalent to adult onset Still disease is much more frequent in childhood. Novel potential targets for sJIA as well as for macrophage activation syndrome, its more severe complication, have therefore been investigated mainly in children.
Topics: Adolescent; Arthritis, Juvenile; Biological Factors; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Immunity, Cellular
PubMed: 31779842
DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2019.09.017 -
International Journal of Rheumatic... Oct 2023
Topics: Humans; Arthritis, Juvenile; Rheumatology
PubMed: 37807617
DOI: 10.1111/1756-185X.14813 -
Pediatric Radiology Jun 2018Alongside recent advances in treatment strategies for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), paediatric rheumatologists have taken increasing interest in the use of... (Review)
Review
Alongside recent advances in treatment strategies for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), paediatric rheumatologists have taken increasing interest in the use of imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and musculoskeletal ultrasound, by providing more detailed information on disease activity than clinical examination and conventional radiography (CR), have become helpful diagnostic and managerial tools. The growing skeleton, however, with changing appearances over time, is still challenging in the establishment of valid scoring systems for pathological changes. Defining child- and age-specific reference standards is therefore a highly prioritized issue. The aim of this article is to raise awareness among radiologists of the substantial role that imaging can play to optimize the management of JIA patients and to describe the state-of-the-art validation process of imaging as an outcome measure. A closer collaboration between radiologists and pediatric rheumatologists is crucial to define a scheduled workflow for imaging in JIA.
Topics: Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Patient Selection; Rheumatologists; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 29766250
DOI: 10.1007/s00247-017-4014-7